A bit on what is Forward Curve and how you can use it:
What Is a Futures Forward Curve?
A forward curve (also called a futures curve) is a graphical representation of the prices for futures contracts on the same underlying asset but with different expiration dates. By plotting each contract’s settlement price (y-axis) against its expiration month or date (x-axis), traders get a snapshot of how the market is pricing that asset at various points in the future.
Key Points
Contango: The futures curve slopes upward, with further-dated contracts trading at higher prices than nearer-dated ones. Contango often reflects storage costs, financing costs, or lower immediate demand relative to future expectations.
Backwardation: The futures curve slopes downward, with further-dated contracts trading at lower prices than nearer-dated ones. Backwardation often implies a higher immediate demand (or supply tightness) versus future expectations.
How Do Traders Use It?
Traders look at the forward curve to assess the market’s outlook on supply and demand, interest rates, storage costs, and other factors that affect future pricing. Some common ways it’s used:
Hedging: Commercial producers or consumers of a commodity can lock in future prices, while speculators can hedge positions (long or short) based on expected price movements.
Arbitrage Opportunities: Differences between spot prices, near-month futures, and further-month futures may present trading opportunities (e.g., calendar spreads).
Carry Trades: Traders might exploit contango (where rolling futures can incur costs) or backwardation (where rolling futures might yield gains).
Signals on Market Sentiment: A steepening or flattening curve can signal shifts in supply/demand expectations and market sentiment.