Overnight Positioning w EMA - Strategy [presentTrading]I've recently started researching Market Timing strategies, and it’s proving to be quite an interesting area of study. The idea of predicting optimal times to enter and exit the market, based on historical data and various indicators, brings a dynamic edge to trading. Additionally, it is integrated with the 3commas bot for automated trade execution.
I'm still working on it. Welcome to share your point of view.
█ Introduction and How it is Different
The "Overnight Positioning with EMA " is designed to capitalize on market inefficiencies during the overnight trading period. This strategy takes a position shortly before the market closes and exits shortly after it opens the following day. What sets this strategy apart is the integration of an optional Exponential Moving Average (EMA) filter, which ensures that trades are aligned with the underlying trend. The strategy provides flexibility by allowing users to select between different global market sessions, such as the US, Asia, and Europe.
It is integrated with the 3commas bot for automated trade execution and has a built-in mechanism to avoid holding positions over the weekend by force-closing positions on Fridays before the market closes.
BTCUSD 20 mins Performance
█ Strategy, How it Works: Detailed Explanation
The core logic of this strategy is simple: enter trades before market close and exit them after market open, taking advantage of potential price movements during the overnight period. Here’s how it works in more detail:
🔶 Market Timing
The strategy determines the local market open and close times based on the selected market (US, Asia, Europe) and adjusts entry and exit points accordingly. The entry is triggered a specific number of minutes before market close, and the exit is triggered a specific number of minutes after market open.
🔶 EMA Filter
The strategy includes an optional EMA filter to help ensure that trades are taken in the direction of the prevailing trend. The EMA is calculated over a user-defined timeframe and length. The entry is only allowed if the closing price is above the EMA (for long positions), which helps to filter out trades that might go against the trend.
The EMA formula:
```
EMA(t) = +
```
Where:
- EMA(t) is the current EMA value
- Close(t) is the current closing price
- n is the length of the EMA
- EMA(t-1) is the previous period's EMA value
🔶 Entry Logic
The strategy monitors the market time in the selected timezone. Once the current time reaches the defined entry period (e.g., 20 minutes before market close), and the EMA condition is satisfied, a long position is entered.
- Entry time calculation:
```
entryTime = marketCloseTime - entryMinutesBeforeClose * 60 * 1000
```
🔶 Exit Logic
Exits are triggered based on a specified time after the market opens. The strategy checks if the current time is within the defined exit period (e.g., 20 minutes after market open) and closes any open long positions.
- Exit time calculation:
exitTime = marketOpenTime + exitMinutesAfterOpen * 60 * 1000
🔶 Force Close on Fridays
To avoid the risk of holding positions over the weekend, the strategy force-closes any open positions 5 minutes before the market close on Fridays.
- Force close logic:
isFriday = (dayofweek(currentTime, marketTimezone) == dayofweek.friday)
█ Trade Direction
This strategy is designed exclusively for long trades. It enters a long position before market close and exits the position after market open. There is no shorting involved in this strategy, and it focuses on capturing upward momentum during the overnight session.
█ Usage
This strategy is suitable for traders who want to take advantage of price movements that occur during the overnight period without holding positions for extended periods. It automates entry and exit times, ensuring that trades are placed at the appropriate times based on the market session selected by the user. The 3commas bot integration also allows for automated execution, making it ideal for traders who wish to set it and forget it. The strategy is flexible enough to work across various global markets, depending on the trader's preference.
█ Default Settings
1. entryMinutesBeforeClose (Default = 20 minutes):
This setting determines how many minutes before the market close the strategy will enter a long position. A shorter duration could mean missing out on potential movements, while a longer duration could expose the position to greater price fluctuations before the market closes.
2. exitMinutesAfterOpen (Default = 20 minutes):
This setting controls how many minutes after the market opens the position will be exited. A shorter exit time minimizes exposure to market volatility at the open, while a longer exit time could capture more of the overnight price movement.
3. emaLength (Default = 100):
The length of the EMA affects how the strategy filters trades. A shorter EMA (e.g., 50) reacts more quickly to price changes, allowing more frequent entries, while a longer EMA (e.g., 200) smooths out price action and only allows entries when there is a stronger underlying trend.
The effect of using a longer EMA (e.g., 200) would be:
```
EMA(t) = +
```
4. emaTimeframe (Default = 240):
This is the timeframe used for calculating the EMA. A higher timeframe (e.g., 360) would base entries on longer-term trends, while a shorter timeframe (e.g., 60) would respond more quickly to price movements, potentially allowing more frequent trades.
5. useEMA (Default = true):
This toggle enables or disables the EMA filter. When enabled, trades are only taken when the price is above the EMA. Disabling the EMA allows the strategy to enter trades without any trend validation, which could increase the number of trades but also increase risk.
6. Market Selection (Default = US):
This setting determines which global market's open and close times the strategy will use. The selection of the market affects the timing of entries and exits and should be chosen based on the user's preference or geographic focus.
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Enhanced Economic Composite with Dynamic WeightEnhanced Economic Composite with Dynamic Weight
Overview of the Indicator :
The "Enhanced Economic Composite with Dynamic Weight" is a comprehensive tool that combines multiple economic indicators, technical signals, and dynamic weighting to provide insights into market and economic health. It adjusts based on current volatility and recession risk, offering a detailed view of market conditions.
What This Indicator Does :
Tracks Economic Health: Uses key economic and market indicators to assess overall market conditions.
Dynamic Weighting: Adjusts the importance of components like stock indices, gold, and bonds based on volatility (VIX) and yield curve inversion.
Technical Signals: Identifies market momentum shifts through key crossovers like the Golden Cross, Death Cross, Silver Cross, and Hospice Cross.
Recession Shading: Marks known recessions for historical context.
Economic Factors Considered :
TIP (Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities): Reflects inflation expectations.
Gold: A safe-haven asset, increases in weight during volatility or rising momentum.
US Dollar Index (DXY): Measures USD strength, fixed weight of 10%, smoothed with EMA.
Commodities (DBC): Indicates global demand; weight increases with momentum or volatility.
Volatility Index (VIX): Reflects market risk, inversely related to market confidence.
Stock Indices (S&P 500, DJIA, NASDAQ, Russell 2000): Represent market performance, with weights reduced during high volatility or negative yield spread.
Yield Spread (10Y - 2Y Treasuries): Predicts recessions; negative spread reduces stock weighting.
Credit Spread (HYG - TLT): Indicates market risk through corporate vs. government bond yields.
How and Why Factors are Weighted:
Stock Indices get more weight in stable markets (low VIX, positive yield spread), while safe-haven assets like gold and bonds gain weight in volatile markets or during yield curve inversions. This dynamic adjustment ensures the composite reflects current market sentiment.
Technical Signals:
Golden Cross: 50 EMA crossing above 200 SMA, signaling bullish momentum.
Death Cross: 50 EMA below 200 SMA, indicating bearish momentum.
Silver Cross: 21 EMA crossing above 50 EMA, plotted only if below the 200-day SMA, signaling potential upside in downtrend conditions.
Hospice Cross: 50 EMA crosses below 21 EMA, plotted only if 21 EMA is below 200 SMA, a leading bearish signal.
Recession Shading:
Recession periods like the Great Recession, Early 2000s Recession, and COVID-19 Recession are shaded to provide historical context.
Benefits of Using This Indicator:
Comprehensive Analysis: Combines economic fundamentals and technical analysis for a full market view.
Dynamic Risk Adjustment: Weights shift between growth and safe-haven assets based on volatility and recession risk.
Early Signals: The Silver Cross and Hospice Cross provide early warnings of potential market shifts.
Recession Forecasting: Helps predict downturns through the yield curve and recession indicators.
Who Can Benefit:
Traders: Identify market momentum shifts early through crossovers.
Long-term Investors: Use recession warnings and dynamic adjustments to protect portfolios.
Analysts: A holistic tool for analyzing both economic trends and market movements.
This indicator helps users navigate varying market conditions by dynamically adjusting based on economic factors and providing early technical signals for market momentum shifts.
Trend Forecasting - The Quant Science🌏 Trend Forecasting | ENG 🌏
This plug-in acts as a statistical filter, adding new information to your chart that will allow you to quickly verify the direction of a trend and the probability with which the price will be above or below the average in the future, helping you to uncover probable market inefficiencies.
🧠 Model calculation
The model calculates the arithmetic mean in relation to positive and negative events within the available sample for the selected time series. Where a positive event is defined as a closing price greater than the average, and a negative event as a closing price less than the average. Once all events have been calculated, the probabilities are extrapolated by relating each event.
Example
Positive event A: 70
Negative event B: 30
Total events: 100
Probabilities A: (100 / 70) x 100 = 70%
Probabilities B: (100 / 30) x 100 = 30%
Event A has a 70% probability of occurring compared to Event B which has a 30% probability.
🔍 Information Filter
The data on the graph show the future probabilities of prices being above average (default in green) and the probabilities of prices being below average (default in red).
The information that can be quickly retrieved from this indicator is:
1. Trend: Above-average prices together with a constant of data in green greater than 50% + 1 indicate that the observed historical series shows a bullish trend. The probability is correlated proportionally to the value of the data; the higher and increasing the expected value, the greater the observed bullish trend. On the other hand, a below-average price together with a red-coloured data constant show quantitative data regarding the presence of a bearish trend.
2. Future Probability: By analysing the data, it is possible to find the probability with which the price will be above or below the average in the future. In green are classified the probabilities that the price will be higher than the average, in red are classified the probabilities that the price will be lower than the average.
🔫 Operational Filter .
The indicator can be used operationally in the search for investment or trading opportunities given its ability to identify an inefficiency within the observed data sample.
⬆ Bullish forecast
For bullish trades, the inefficiency will appear as a historical series with a bullish trend, with high probability of a bullish trend in the future that is currently below the average.
⬇ Bearish forecast
For short trades, the inefficiency will appear as a historical series with a bearish trend, with a high probability of a bearish trend in the future that is currently above the average.
📚 Settings
Input: via the Input user interface, it is possible to adjust the periods (1 to 500) with which the average is to be calculated. By default the periods are set to 200, which means that the average is calculated by taking the last 200 periods.
Style: via the Style user interface it is possible to adjust the colour and switch a specific output on or off.
🇮🇹Previsione Della Tendenza Futura | ITA 🇮🇹
Questo plug-in funge da filtro statistico, aggiungendo nuove informazioni al tuo grafico che ti permetteranno di verificare rapidamente tendenza di un trend, probabilità con la quale il prezzo si troverà sopra o sotto la media in futuro aiutandoti a scovare probabili inefficienze di mercato.
🧠 Calcolo del modello
Il modello calcola la media aritmetica in relazione con gli eventi positivi e negativi all'intero del campione disponibile per la serie storica selezionata. Dove per evento positivo si intende un prezzo alla chiusura maggiore della media, mentre per evento negativo si intende un prezzo alla chiusura minore della media. Calcolata la totalità degli eventi le probabilità vengono estrapolate rapportando ciascun evento.
Esempio
Evento positivo A: 70
Evento negativo B: 30
Totale eventi : 100
Formula A: (100 / 70) x 100 = 70%
Formula B: (100 / 30) x 100 = 30%
Evento A ha una probabilità del 70% di realizzarsi rispetto all' Evento B che ha una probabilità pari al 30%.
🔍 Filtro informativo
I dati sul grafico mostrano le probabilità future che i prezzi siano sopra la media (di default in verde) e le probabilità che i prezzi siano sotto la media (di default in rosso).
Le informazioni che si possono rapidamente reperire da questo indicatore sono:
1. Trend: I prezzi sopra la media insieme ad una costante di dati in verde maggiori al 50% + 1 indicano che la serie storica osservata presenta un trend rialzista. La probabilità è correlata proporzionalmente al valore del dato; tanto più sarà alto e crescente il valore atteso e maggiore sarà la tendenza rialzista osservata. Viceversa, un prezzo sotto la media insieme ad una costante di dati classificati in colore rosso mostrano dati quantitativi riguardo la presenza di una tendenza ribassista.
2. Probabilità future: analizzando i dati è possibile reperire la probabilità con cui il prezzo si troverà sopra o sotto la media in futuro. In verde vengono classificate le probabilità che il prezzo sarà maggiore alla media, in rosso vengono classificate le probabilità che il prezzo sarà minore della media.
🔫 Filtro operativo
L' indicatore può essere utilizzato a livello operativo nella ricerca di opportunità di investimento o di trading vista la capacità di identificare un inefficienza all'interno del campione di dati osservato.
⬆ Previsione rialzista
Per operatività di tipo rialzista l'inefficienza apparirà come una serie storica a tendenza rialzista, con alte probabilità di tendenza rialzista in futuro che attualmente si trova al di sotto della media.
⬇ Previsione ribassista
Per operatività di tipo short l'inefficienza apparirà come una serie storica a tendenza ribassista, con alte probabilità di tendenza ribassista in futuro che si trova attualmente sopra la media.
📚 Impostazioni
Input: tramite l'interfaccia utente Input è possibile regolare i periodi (da 1 a 500) con cui calcolare la media. Di default i periodi sono impostati sul valore di 200, questo significa che la media viene calcolata prendendo gli ultimi 200 periodi.
Style: tramite l'interfaccia utente Style è possibile regolare il colore e attivare o disattivare un specifico output.
FVG Positioning Average with 200EMA Auto Trading [Pakun]Description
Strategy Name and Purpose
FVG Positioning Average with 200EMA Auto Trading
This strategy uses Fair Value Gaps (FVG) combined with a 200-period Exponential Moving Average (EMA) and Average True Range (ATR) to generate trend-based trading signals. It is designed to help traders identify high-probability entry points by leveraging the gaps between fair value prices and current market prices.
Originality and Usefulness
This script combines multiple indicators to create a cohesive trading strategy that is greater than the sum of its parts. While FVG is a powerful tool on its own, combining it with the EMA and ATR adds layers of confirmation and risk management, enhancing its effectiveness. Here’s how the components work together:
Fair Value Gap (FVG): Identifies gaps in the market where price action has not fully filled, indicating potential reversal or continuation points.
200-period Exponential Moving Average (EMA): Acts as a trend filter to ensure trades are taken in the direction of the overall trend, improving the probability of success.
Average True Range (ATR): Used to filter out insignificant gaps and set dynamic stop-loss levels based on market volatility, enhancing risk management.
Entry Conditions
Long Entry
The close price crosses above the downtrend FVG.
The close price, FVG up average, and down average are all above the 200 EMA, indicating a strong bullish trend.
Short Entry
The close price crosses below the uptrend FVG.
The close price, FVG up average, and down average are all below the 200 EMA, indicating a strong bearish trend.
Exit Conditions
For long positions, the stop loss is set at the recent low, and the take profit is set at a point with a risk-reward ratio of 1:1.5.
For short positions, the stop loss is set at the recent high, and the take profit is set at a point with a risk-reward ratio of 1:1.5.
Risk Management
Account Size: 1,000,000 yen
Commission and Slippage: 2 pips commission and 1 pip slippage per trade
Risk per Trade: 10% of account equity
The stop loss is based on the recent low or recent high, ensuring trades are exited when the market moves against the position.
Settings Options
FVG Lookback: Set the lookback period for calculating FVGs.
Lookback Type: Choose the type of lookback (Bar Count or FVG Count).
ATR Multiplier: Set the multiplier for ATR to filter significant gaps.
EMA Period: Set the period for the EMA to adjust the trend filter sensitivity.
Show FVGs on Chart: Choose whether to display FVGs on the chart for visual confirmation.
Bullish/Bearish Color: Set the color for bullish and bearish FVGs to distinguish them easily.
Show Gradient Areas: Choose whether to display gradient areas to highlight the zones of interest.
Sufficient Sample Size
The strategy has been backtested with 113 trades, providing a sufficient sample size to evaluate its performance.
Notes
This strategy is based on historical data and does not guarantee future results.
Thoroughly backtest and validate results before using in live trading.
Market volatility and other external factors can affect performance and may not yield expected results.
Acknowledgment
This strategy uses the FVG Positioning Average Strategy indicator. Thanks to for their contribution.
Clean Chart Explanation
The script is published with a clean chart to ensure that its output is readily identifiable and easy to understand. No other scripts are included on the chart, and any drawings or images used are specifically to illustrate how the script works.
Shadow Increase SignalThis indicator Calculates the average upper shadow of the previous 200 candles for issuing SELL signals.
And calculates the average lower shadow of the previous 200 candles for issuing BUY signals.
If the upper shadow of the new candle is %1000 greater than the average upper shadow of the previous 200 candles, a SELL signal is issued and a red arrow appears above the candle.
If the lower shadow of the new candle is %1000 greater than the average lower shadow of the previous 200 candles, a BUY signal is issued and a green arrow appears below the candle.
Push and Exhaustion Strategy with VWAP and Moving AveragesOverview:
The Push and Exhaustion Strategy Indicator is a custom technical analysis tool designed to help traders identify potential market turning points by highlighting significant price movements (pushes) and subsequent periods of reduced momentum (exhaustion). This indicator also incorporates key moving averages (50-period and 200-period) and the Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP) to provide additional context for trading decisions.
Components:
Push and Exhaustion Thresholds:
Push Threshold: Set at 1.5 by default. This means the price must increase by 50% or more compared to the previous close to signal a push.
Exhaustion Threshold: Set at 0.7 by default. This means the price must decrease by 30% or more compared to the previous close to signal exhaustion.
VWAP (Volume Weighted Average Price):
VWAP is plotted on the chart to provide an average price weighted by volume, giving insight into the true average price paid for an asset.
Moving Averages:
50-period Moving Average (MA): Plotted in blue, it helps identify the short-to-mid-term trend direction.
200-period Moving Average (MA): Plotted in orange, it helps identify the long-term trend direction.
How It Works:
Push Condition:
A push signal is generated when the current closing price is at least 1.5 times the previous closing price (pushThreshold).
Additionally, the closing price must be above the VWAP, indicating strong upward momentum.
When these conditions are met, a green triangle is plotted above the price bar.
Exhaustion Condition:
An exhaustion signal is generated when the current closing price is at most 0.7 times the previous closing price (exhaustionThreshold).
Additionally, the closing price must be below the VWAP, indicating weakened momentum and potential reversal.
When these conditions are met, a red triangle is plotted below the price bar.
Visualization:
The indicator plots green triangles above bars to indicate a push signal and red triangles below bars to indicate an exhaustion signal.
It also plots the 50-period and 200-period moving averages as blue and orange lines, respectively.
The VWAP is plotted as a purple line, showing the average price considering the trading volume.
Alerts:
The indicator includes optional alerts that notify the trader when a push or exhaustion signal is detected.
Usage:
Push Signals: Traders might use push signals to enter trades in the direction of strong momentum, typically buying in an uptrend.
Exhaustion Signals: Traders might use exhaustion signals to anticipate potential reversals, considering exiting positions or entering counter-trend trades.
Moving Averages: The 50-period and 200-period moving averages help provide context to the overall trend, aiding in decision-making.
VWAP: Being above or below the VWAP helps validate the strength of the price movement.
This indicator provides a comprehensive view of market momentum, aiding traders in making informed decisions by highlighting significant price moves and potential reversals within the context of prevailing trends.
Golden Cross VWMA & EMA 4h PinescriptlabsThis strategy combines the 50-period Volume-Weighted Moving Average (VWMA) on the current timeframe with a 200-period Simple Moving Average (SMA) on the 4-hour timeframe. This combination of indicators with different characteristics and time horizons aims to identify strong and sustained trends across multiple timeframes.
The VWMA is a variant of the moving average that assigns greater weight to periods of higher volatility, helping to avoid misleading signals. On the other hand, the 4-hour SMA is used as an additional trend filter in a shorter-term horizon. By combining these two indicators, the strategy can leverage the strength of the VWMA to capture the main trend, but only when confirmed by the SMA in the lower timeframe.
Buy signals are generated when the VWMA crosses above the 4-hour SMA, indicating a potential bullish trend aligned in both timeframes. Sell signals occur on a bearish cross, suggesting a possible reversal of the main trend.
The default parameters are a 50-period VWMA and a 200-period 4-hour SMA. It is recommended to adjust these lengths according to the traded instrument and the desired timeframe. It is also crucial to use stop losses and profit targets to properly manage risk.
By combining indicators of different types and timeframes, this strategy aims to provide a more comprehensive view of trend strength.
Español:
Esta estrategia combina la Volume-Weighted Moving Average (VWMA) de 50 períodos en el timeframe actual con una Simple Moving Average (SMA) de 200 períodos en el timeframe de 4 horas. Esta combinación de indicadores de distinta naturaleza y horizontes temporales busca identificar tendencias fuertes y sostenidas en múltiples timeframes.
La VWMA es una variante de la media móvil que asigna mayor ponderación a los períodos de mayor volatilidad, lo que ayuda a evitar señales engañosas. Por otro lado, la SMA de 4 horas se utiliza como un filtro adicional de tendencia en un horizonte de corto plazo. Al combinar estos dos indicadores, la estrategia puede aprovechar la fortaleza de la VWMA para capturar la tendencia principal, pero sólo cuando es confirmada por la SMA en el timeframe menor.
Las señales de compra se generan cuando la VWMA cruza al alza la SMA de 4 horas, indicando una potencial tendencia alcista alineada en ambos horizontes temporales. Las señales de venta ocurren en el cruce bajista, sugiriendo una posible reversión de la tendencia principal.
Los parámetros predeterminados son: VWMA de 50 períodos y SMA de 4 horas de 200 períodos. Se recomienda ajustar estas longitudes según el instrumento operado y el horizonte temporal deseado. También es crucial utilizar stops y objetivos de ganancias para controlar adecuadamente el riesgo.
Al combinar indicadores de diferentes tipos y timeframes, esta estrategia busca brindar una visión más completa de la fuerza de la tendencia.
20,200SMA,PDHL,15 minute ORBSimple Moving Averages (SMAs):
The script calculates three SMAs: SMA 20 High, SMA 20 Low, and SMA 200 Close. These moving averages are widely used in technical analysis to smooth out price data and identify trends.
The SMA for the high price (SMA 20 High) is calculated based on the 20-period moving average of the high prices.
Similarly, the SMA for the low price (SMA 20 Low) is calculated based on the 20-period moving average of the low prices.
The SMA for the close price (SMA 200 Close) is calculated based on the 200-period moving average of the closing prices.
Each SMA is plotted on the chart, and their colors are determined based on whether the current close price is above or below each respective SMA.
Conditional Coloring:
The script employs conditional coloring to visually highlight whether the close price is above or below each SMA.
If the close price is below the SMA 20 High, it's plotted in red; otherwise, it's plotted in green.
Similarly, the SMA 20 Low and SMA 200 Close are plotted with conditional colors based on the relationship between the close price and each respective SMA.
Previous Day's Data:
The script retrieves and plots the high, low, and close prices of the previous trading day.
This provides traders with valuable information about the previous day's market behavior, which can influence trading decisions.
Opening 15-minute Range Breakout:
The script calculates the high and low prices during the first 15 minutes of each trading day.
These prices represent the opening range for the day.
It then determines whether the current close price is above or below this opening range and plots it accordingly.
This breakout strategy helps traders identify potential trading opportunities based on early price movements.
By integrating these components, the script offers traders a comprehensive analysis of market trends, previous day's performance, and potential breakout opportunities. Its originality lies in the combination of these features into a single, easy-to-use indicator, providing valuable insights for trading decisions.
Range Average Retest Model [LuxAlgo]The Range Average Retest Model tool highlights setups from the range average retest entry model, a model using the retest of the average between two opposite swing points as an entry.
This tool uses long-term volatility coupled with user-defined multipliers to filter out swing areas and set take profit and stop loss levels for all trades.
Key features include:
Draw up to 165 swing areas and their associated trades
Filter out swing areas using Pivot Length , Selection Mode and Threshold parameters
Filter out trades with Maximum Distance and Minimum Distance parameters
Enable or disable swing areas and select default colors
Enable or disable overlapping trades and change the default colors for Take Profit and Stop Loss zones
🔶 USAGE
The "Range Average Retest Model" is an entry model that enters a position when the price retests the average made between two swing points. Users can determine the period of the detected swing points from the "Pivot Length" setting.
The conditions for long or short trades, regardless of whether the swing area is bullish or bearish, are as follows:
Long positions: the current bar close is below the swing area average and the last bar close was above it.
Short positions: the current bar close is above the swing area average price and the last bar close was below it.
Each trade is displayed on the chart with a line connecting it to its swing area highlighting the range average, a green area for the take profit, and a red area for the stop loss.
Both the Take Profit and Stop Loss levels are calculated by applying your own multiplier in the settings panel to the long-term volatility measure, in this case, the average true range over the last 200 bars.
Trades will remain open until they reach either the Stop Loss or Take Profit price levels.
🔹 Filtering Swing Areas
The daily chart of the Nasdaq-100 futures (NQ) with pivot length 2 and bullish selection mode: it only detects bullish swing areas, but they are smaller and more numerous.
Traders can manipulate the behavior of the swing areas from the settings panel.
The Selection mode will filter areas by bias: it will detect bullish areas, bearish areas, or both.
The Threshold parameter is applied to the long-term volatility to filter out areas where the average prices are too close together; the higher the value, the greater the difference between the average prices must be.
🔹 Trades
3-minute chart of the Nasdaq-100 futures (NQ) with pivot length 5, bearish selection mode maximum distance 4, and stop loss 2: many trades detected with very asymmetric risk/reward.
The behavior of the trades is also manipulated from the settings panel.
The maximum and minimum distance parameters specify the number of bars a trade must be away from a swing area.
The Take Profit and Stop Loss parameters are applied to the long-term volatility to obtain their respective price levels.
🔹 Overlapping Trades
Same chart as before, but with overlapping trades: messy, right?
By default the tool does not show overlapping trades, this allows for a cleaner chart.
In the settings panel traders can enable overlapping mode, in which case the tool will show all available trades.
Traders must be aware that the chart can be very crowded.
🔶 SETTINGS
🔹 Swings
Pivot Length: How many bars are used to confirm a swing point. The larger this parameter is, the larger and fewer swing areas will be detected.
Selection Mode: Swing area detection mode, detect only bullish swings, only bearish swings, or both.
Threshold: Swing area comparator. This threshold is multiplied by a measure of volatility (average true range over the last 200 bars), for a new swing area to be detected it must have an average level that is sufficiently distant from the average level of any untouched swing area, this parameter controls that distance.
🔹 Trades
Maximum distance: Maximum distance allowed between a swing area and a trade.
Minimum distance: Minimum distance allowed between a swing area and a trade.
Take profit: The size of the take profit - this threshold is multiplied by a measure of volatility (the average true range over the last 200 bars).
Stop loss: The size of the stop-loss: this threshold is multiplied by a measure of volatility (the average true range over the last 200 bars).
Momentum spotter(FogWalkerTrader) This a trend following indicator using simple moving averages and price close,high and low of recent candles to plot a buy or sell signal.
IMPORTANT - this indicator does not repaint.Traders need to wait untill the the closing of the candle though as the signal is dependant of the close of the period.
Buy Signal: Price closes above the 20, 50, and 200 simple moving averages (SMAs), with the 50 SMA above the 200 SMA, indicating a strong uptrend. The last 4 prices had their lows below the 5 SMA and highs above it.Plus, the current close is higher than the high from 4 periods ago, further suggesting a bullish move.
BUY = blue labelup plotted below candlestick
Sell Signal: Price closes below the 20, 50, and 200 SMAs, with the 50 SMA below the 200 SMA, signaling a strong downtrend. The last 4 prices had their highs above the 5 SMA and lows below it Plus, the current close is lower than the low from 4 periods ago, further suggesting a bearish move.
SELL = red labeldown plotted above candlestick.
IMPORTANT
It’s important to note that, like any trading tool, this isn't foolproof. The market can be unpredictable, leading to false signals. The logic behind these signals is sound, but due to the complexity and volatility of the market, there are times when the signals may not lead to the expected outcome. It's a useful tool, but it's wise to use it alongside other analyses to make more informed decisions.
SMA Custom Volume BandsThe "SMA Custom Volume Bands" indicator is a custom technical analysis tool designed for use on the TradingView platform. This indicator allows users to analyze and visualize key aspects of a stock's volume within the context of its 200-period Simple Moving Average (SMA). It features the following components:
Volume Bars: The indicator displays the volume of a selected financial instrument using colored bars. Green bars represent days when the trading volume is higher than the previous day, while red bars represent days when the trading volume is lower.
200 SMA of Volume: A blue line on the chart represents the 200-period Simple Moving Average of the trading volume, providing insight into the longer-term volume trend.
Customizable Percentage Line: Users have the flexibility to set a custom percentage value above or below the 200 SMA of trading volume. This line is plotted as a blue line on the chart, allowing traders to identify when volume meets their preferred percentage threshold.
The "SMA Custom Volume Bands" indicator is a simple tool for traders, aiding in the assessment of volume trends and potential price reversals in the context of moving averages. It offers customization options, enhancing its adaptability to individual trading strategies and preferences.
ottlibLibrary "ottlib"
█ OVERVIEW
This library contains functions for the calculation of the OTT (Optimized Trend Tracker) and its variants, originally created by Anıl Özekşi (Anil_Ozeksi). Special thanks to him for the concept and to Kıvanç Özbilgiç (KivancOzbilgic) and dg_factor (dg_factor) for adapting them to Pine Script.
█ WHAT IS "OTT"
The OTT (Optimized Trend Tracker) is a highly customizable and very effective trend-following indicator that relies on moving averages and a trailing stop at its core. Moving averages help reduce noise by smoothing out sudden price movements in the markets, while trailing stops assist in detecting trend reversals with precision. Initially developed as a noise-free trailing stop, the current variants of OTT range from rapid trend reversal detection to long-term trend confirmation, thanks to its extensive customizability.
It's well-known variants are:
OTT (Optimized Trend Tracker).
TOTT (Twin OTT).
OTT Channels.
RISOTTO (RSI OTT).
SOTT (Stochastic OTT).
HOTT & LOTT (Highest & Lowest OTT)
ROTT (Relative OTT)
FT (Original name is Fırsatçı Trend in Turkish which translates to Opportunist Trend)
█ LIBRARY FEATURES
This library has been prepared in accordance with the style, coding, and annotation standards of Pine Script version 5. As a result, explanations and examples will appear when users hover over functions or enter function parameters in the editor.
█ USAGE
Usage of this library is very simple. Just import it to your script with the code below and use its functions.
import ismailcarlik/ottlib/1 as ottlib
█ FUNCTIONS
• f_vidya(source, length, cmoLength)
Short Definition: Chande's Variable Index Dynamic Average (VIDYA).
Details: This function computes Chande's Variable Index Dynamic Average (VIDYA), which serves as the original moving average for OTT. The 'length' parameter determines the number of bars used to calculate the average of the given source. Lower values result in less smoothing of prices, while higher values lead to greater smoothing. While primarily used internally in this library, it has been made available for users who wish to utilize it as a moving average or use in custom OTT implementations.
Parameters:
source (float) : (series float) Series of values to process.
length (simple int) : (simple int) Number of bars to lookback.
cmoLength (simple int) : (simple int) Number of bars to lookback for calculating CMO. Default value is `9`.
Returns: (float) Calculated average of `source` for `length` bars back.
Example:
vidyaValue = ottlib.f_vidya(source = close, length = 20)
plot(vidyaValue, color = color.blue)
• f_mostTrail(source, multiplier)
Short Definition: Calculates trailing stop value.
Details: This function calculates the trailing stop value for a given source and the percentage. The 'multiplier' parameter defines the percentage of the trailing stop. Lower values are beneficial for catching short-term reversals, while higher values aid in identifying long-term trends. Although only used once internally in this library, it has been made available for users who wish to utilize it as a traditional trailing stop or use in custom OTT implementations.
Parameters:
source (float) : (series int/float) Series of values to process.
multiplier (simple float) : (simple float) Percent of trailing stop.
Returns: (float) Calculated value of trailing stop.
Example:
emaValue = ta.ema(source = close, length = 14)
mostValue = ottlib.f_mostTrail(source = emaValue, multiplier = 2.0)
plot(mostValue, color = emaValue >= mostValue ? color.green : color.red)
• f_ottTrail(source, multiplier)
Short Definition: Calculates OTT-specific trailing stop value.
Details: This function calculates the trailing stop value for a given source in the manner used in OTT. Unlike a traditional trailing stop, this function modifies the traditional trailing stop value from two bars prior by adjusting it further with half the specified percentage. The 'multiplier' parameter defines the percentage of the trailing stop. Lower values are beneficial for catching short-term reversals, while higher values aid in identifying long-term trends. Although primarily used internally in this library, it has been made available for users who wish to utilize it as a trailing stop or use in custom OTT implementations.
Parameters:
source (float) : (series int/float) Series of values to process.
multiplier (simple float) : (simple float) Percent of trailing stop.
Returns: (float) Calculated value of OTT-specific trailing stop.
Example:
vidyaValue = ottlib.f_vidya(source = close, length = 20)
ottValue = ottlib.f_ottTrail(source = vidyaValue, multiplier = 1.5)
plot(ottValue, color = vidyaValue >= ottValue ? color.green : color.red)
• ott(source, length, multiplier)
Short Definition: Calculates OTT (Optimized Trend Tracker).
Details: The OTT consists of two lines. The first, known as the "Support Line", is the VIDYA of the given source. The second, called the "OTT Line", is the trailing stop based on the Support Line. The market is considered to be in an uptrend when the Support Line is above the OTT Line, and in a downtrend when it is below.
Parameters:
source (float) : (series float) Series of values to process. Default value is `close`.
length (simple int) : (simple int) Number of bars to lookback. Default value is `2`.
multiplier (simple float) : (simple float) Percent of trailing stop. Default value is `1.4`.
Returns: ( [ float, float ]) Tuple of `supportLine` and `ottLine`.
Example:
= ottlib.ott(source = close, length = 2, multiplier = 1.4)
longCondition = ta.crossover(supportLine, ottLine)
shortCondition = ta.crossunder(supportLine, ottLine)
• tott(source, length, multiplier, bandsMultiplier)
Short Definition: Calculates TOTT (Twin OTT).
Details: TOTT consists of three lines: the "Support Line," which is the VIDYA of the given source; the "Upper Line," a trailing stop of the Support Line adjusted with an added multiplier; and the "Lower Line," another trailing stop of the Support Line, adjusted with a reduced multiplier. The market is considered in an uptrend if the Support Line is above the Upper Line and in a downtrend if it is below the Lower Line.
Parameters:
source (float) : (series float) Series of values to process. Default value is `close`.
length (simple int) : (simple int) Number of bars to lookback. Default value is `40`.
multiplier (simple float) : (simple float) Percent of trailing stop. Default value is `0.6`.
bandsMultiplier (simple float) : Multiplier for bands. Default value is `0.0006`.
Returns: ( [ float, float, float ]) Tuple of `supportLine`, `upperLine` and `lowerLine`.
Example:
= ottlib.tott(source = close, length = 40, multiplier = 0.6, bandsMultiplier = 0.0006)
longCondition = ta.crossover(supportLine, upperLine)
shortCondition = ta.crossunder(supportLine, lowerLine)
• ott_channel(source, length, multiplier, ulMultiplier, llMultiplier)
Short Definition: Calculates OTT Channels.
Details: OTT Channels comprise nine lines. The central line, known as the "Mid Line," is the OTT of the given source's VIDYA. The remaining lines are positioned above and below the Mid Line, shifted by specified multipliers.
Parameters:
source (float) : (series float) Series of values to process. Default value is `close`
length (simple int) : (simple int) Number of bars to lookback. Default value is `2`
multiplier (simple float) : (simple float) Percent of trailing stop. Default value is `1.4`
ulMultiplier (simple float) : (simple float) Multiplier for upper line. Default value is `0.01`
llMultiplier (simple float) : (simple float) Multiplier for lower line. Default value is `0.01`
Returns: ( [ float, float, float, float, float, float, float, float, float ]) Tuple of `ul4`, `ul3`, `ul2`, `ul1`, `midLine`, `ll1`, `ll2`, `ll3`, `ll4`.
Example:
= ottlib.ott_channel(source = close, length = 2, multiplier = 1.4, ulMultiplier = 0.01, llMultiplier = 0.01)
• risotto(source, length, rsiLength, multiplier)
Short Definition: Calculates RISOTTO (RSI OTT).
Details: RISOTTO comprised of two lines: the "Support Line," which is the VIDYA of the given source's RSI value, calculated based on the length parameter, and the "RISOTTO Line," a trailing stop of the Support Line. The market is considered in an uptrend when the Support Line is above the RISOTTO Line, and in a downtrend if it is below.
Parameters:
source (float) : (series float) Series of values to process. Default value is `close`.
length (simple int) : (simple int) Number of bars to lookback. Default value is `50`.
rsiLength (simple int) : (simple int) Number of bars used for RSI calculation. Default value is `100`.
multiplier (simple float) : (simple float) Percent of trailing stop. Default value is `0.2`.
Returns: ( [ float, float ]) Tuple of `supportLine` and `risottoLine`.
Example:
= ottlib.risotto(source = close, length = 50, rsiLength = 100, multiplier = 0.2)
longCondition = ta.crossover(supportLine, risottoLine)
shortCondition = ta.crossunder(supportLine, risottoLine)
• sott(source, kLength, dLength, multiplier)
Short Definition: Calculates SOTT (Stochastic OTT).
Details: SOTT is comprised of two lines: the "Support Line," which is the VIDYA of the given source's Stochastic value, based on the %K and %D lengths, and the "SOTT Line," serving as the trailing stop of the Support Line. The market is considered in an uptrend when the Support Line is above the SOTT Line, and in a downtrend when it is below.
Parameters:
source (float) : (series float) Series of values to process. Default value is `close`.
kLength (simple int) : (simple int) Stochastic %K length. Default value is `500`.
dLength (simple int) : (simple int) Stochastic %D length. Default value is `200`.
multiplier (simple float) : (simple float) Percent of trailing stop. Default value is `0.5`.
Returns: ( [ float, float ]) Tuple of `supportLine` and `sottLine`.
Example:
= ottlib.sott(source = close, kLength = 500, dLength = 200, multiplier = 0.5)
longCondition = ta.crossover(supportLine, sottLine)
shortCondition = ta.crossunder(supportLine, sottLine)
• hottlott(length, multiplier)
Short Definition: Calculates HOTT & LOTT (Highest & Lowest OTT).
Details: HOTT & LOTT are composed of two lines: the "HOTT Line", which is the OTT of the highest price's VIDYA, and the "LOTT Line", the OTT of the lowest price's VIDYA. A high price surpassing the HOTT Line can be considered a long signal, while a low price dropping below the LOTT Line may indicate a short signal.
Parameters:
length (simple int) : (simple int) Number of bars to lookback. Default value is `20`.
multiplier (simple float) : (simple float) Percent of trailing stop. Default value is `0.6`.
Returns: ( [ float, float ]) Tuple of `hottLine` and `lottLine`.
Example:
= ottlib.hottlott(length = 20, multiplier = 0.6)
longCondition = ta.crossover(high, hottLine)
shortCondition = ta.crossunder(low, lottLine)
• rott(source, length, multiplier)
Short Definition: Calculates ROTT (Relative OTT).
Details: ROTT comprises two lines: the "Support Line", which is the VIDYA of the given source, and the "ROTT Line", the OTT of the Support Line's VIDYA. The market is considered in an uptrend if the Support Line is above the ROTT Line, and in a downtrend if it is below. ROTT is similar to OTT, but the key difference is that the ROTT Line is derived from the VIDYA of two bars of Support Line, not directly from it.
Parameters:
source (float) : (series float) Series of values to process. Default value is `close`.
length (simple int) : (simple int) Number of bars to lookback. Default value is `200`.
multiplier (simple float) : (simple float) Percent of trailing stop. Default value is `0.1`.
Returns: ( [ float, float ]) Tuple of `supportLine` and `rottLine`.
Example:
= ottlib.rott(source = close, length = 200, multiplier = 0.1)
isUpTrend = supportLine > rottLine
isDownTrend = supportLine < rottLine
• ft(source, length, majorMultiplier, minorMultiplier)
Short Definition: Calculates Fırsatçı Trend (Opportunist Trend).
Details: FT is comprised of two lines: the "Support Line", which is the VIDYA of the given source, and the "FT Line", a trailing stop of the Support Line calculated using both minor and major trend values. The market is considered in an uptrend when the Support Line is above the FT Line, and in a downtrend when it is below.
Parameters:
source (float) : (series float) Series of values to process. Default value is `close`.
length (simple int) : (simple int) Number of bars to lookback. Default value is `30`.
majorMultiplier (simple float) : (simple float) Percent of major trend. Default value is `3.6`.
minorMultiplier (simple float) : (simple float) Percent of minor trend. Default value is `1.8`.
Returns: ( [ float, float ]) Tuple of `supportLine` and `ftLine`.
Example:
= ottlib.ft(source = close, length = 30, majorMultiplier = 3.6, minorMultiplier = 1.8)
longCondition = ta.crossover(supportLine, ftLine)
shortCondition = ta.crossunder(supportLine, ftLine)
█ CUSTOM OTT CREATION
Users can create custom OTT implementations using f_ottTrail function in this library. The example code which uses EMA of 7 period as moving average and calculates OTT based of it is below.
Source Code:
//@version=5
indicator("Custom OTT", shorttitle = "COTT", overlay = true)
import ismailcarlik/ottlib/1 as ottlib
src = input.source(close, title = "Source")
length = input.int(7, title = "Length", minval = 1)
multiplier = input.float(2.0, title = "Multiplier", minval = 0.1)
support = ta.ema(source = src, length = length)
ott = ottlib.f_ottTrail(source = support, multiplier = multiplier)
pSupport = plot(support, title = "Moving Average Line (Support)", color = color.blue)
pOtt = plot(ott, title = "Custom OTT Line", color = color.orange)
fillColor = support >= ott ? color.new(color.green, 60) : color.new(color.red, 60)
fill(pSupport, pOtt, color = fillColor, title = "Direction")
Result:
█ DISCLAIMER
Trading is risky and most of the day traders lose money eventually. This library and its functions are only for educational purposes and should not be construed as financial advice. Past performances does not guarantee future results.
Minervini Stage 2 AnalysisHandbook for Minervini Stage 2 Analysis Indicator
Introduction
This handbook provides detailed instructions and guidelines for using the Minervini Stage 2 Analysis Indicator based on Mark Minervini's swing trading methodology. This indicator is designed for traders focusing on US stocks, aiming to capture gains in medium to short-term uptrends (swing trading).
Understanding Stage 2
Stage 2 represents a bullish uptrend in a stock's price. Mark Minervini emphasizes entering long positions during this phase. The stage is identified using four key criteria related to moving averages (MAs).
Indicator Criteria
Stock Price Above MA 150 and 200: Indicates an overall uptrend.
MA 150 Above MA 200: Signals a stronger medium-term trend compared to the long-term trend.
MA 200 Trending Up for At Least 1 Month (22 Days): Confirms a stable uptrend.
MA 50 Above Both MA 150 and 200: Shows short-term strength and momentum.
Using the Indicator
Entering Trades: Consider long positions when all four criteria are met. This signifies that the stock is in a Stage 2 uptrend.
Monitoring Trades: Regularly check if the stock continues to meet these criteria. The indicator provides a clear visual and textual representation for ease of monitoring.
Alarm Signals and Exit Strategy
One Criterion Not Met: This serves as an alarm signal. Increased vigilance is required, and traders should prepare for a potential exit.
Two Criteria Not Met: Strong indication to close the trade. This suggests the stock may be transitioning out of Stage 2, increasing the risk of holding the position.
Risk Management
Stop-Loss Orders: Consider setting a trailing stop-loss to protect profits and minimize losses.
Position Sizing: Adjust position sizes according to your risk tolerance and portfolio strategy.
Volume and Relative Strength Analysis
Volume Analysis: Look for increased trading volume as confirmation when the stock price moves above key MAs.
Relative Strength (RS) Rating: Compare the stock's performance to the broader market to gauge its strength.
Limitations and Considerations
Market Conditions: The indicator's effectiveness may vary with market conditions. It is more reliable in a bullish market environment.
Supplementary Analysis: Combine this indicator with other analysis methods (fundamental, technical) for a holistic approach.
Continuous Learning: Stay updated with market trends and adjust your strategy accordingly.
Conclusion
The Minervini Stage 2 Analysis Indicator is a powerful tool for identifying potential long positions in uptrending stocks. Its reliance on specific criteria aligns with Mark Minervini's proven swing trading strategy. However, always exercise due diligence and risk management in your trading decisions.
SPTS_StatsPakLibFinally getting around to releasing the library component to the SPTS indicator!
This library is packed with a ton of great statistics functions to supplement SPTS, these functions add to the capabilities of SPTS including a forecast function.
The library includes the following functions
1. Linear Regression (single independent and single dependent)
2. Multiple Regression (2 independent variables, 1 dependent)
3. Standard Error of Residual Assessment
4. Z-Score
5. Effect Size
6. Confidence Interval
7. Paired Sample Test
8. Two Tailed T-Test
9. Qualitative assessment of T-Test
10. T-test table and p value assigner
11. Correlation of two arrays
12. Quadratic correlation (curvlinear)
13. R Squared value of 2 arrays
14. R Squared value of 2 floats
15. Test of normality
16. Forecast function which will push the desired forecasted variables into an array.
One of the biggest added functionalities of this library is the forecasting function.
This function provides an autoregressive, trainable model that will export forecasted values to 3 arrays, one contains the autoregressed forecasted results, the other two contain the upper confidence forecast and the lower confidence forecast.
Hope you enjoy and find use for this!
Library "SPTS_StatsPakLib"
f_linear_regression(independent, dependent, len, variable)
TODO: creates a simple linear regression model between two variables.
Parameters:
independent (float)
dependent (float)
len (int)
variable (float)
Returns: TODO: returns 6 float variables
result: The result of the regression model
pear_cor: The pearson correlation of the regresion model
rsqrd: the R2 of the regression model
std_err: the error of residuals
slope: the slope of the model (coefficient)
intercept: the intercept of the model (y = mx + b is y = slope x + intercept)
f_multiple_regression(y, x1, x2, input1, input2, len)
TODO: creates a multiple regression model between two independent variables and 1 dependent variable.
Parameters:
y (float)
x1 (float)
x2 (float)
input1 (float)
input2 (float)
len (int)
Returns: TODO: returns 7 float variables
result: The result of the regression model
pear_cor: The pearson correlation of the regresion model
rsqrd: the R2 of the regression model
std_err: the error of residuals
b1 & b2: the slopes of the model (coefficients)
intercept: the intercept of the model (y = mx + b is y = b1 x + b2 x + intercept)
f_stanard_error(result, dependent, length)
x TODO: performs an assessment on the error of residuals, can be used with any variable in which there are residual values (such as moving averages or more comlpex models)
param x TODO: result is the output, for example, if you are calculating the residuals of a 200 EMA, the result would be the 200 EMA
dependent: is the dependent variable. In the above example with the 200 EMA, your dependent would be the source for your 200 EMA
Parameters:
result (float)
dependent (float)
length (int)
Returns: x TODO: the standard error of the residual, which can then be multiplied by standard deviations or used as is.
f_zscore(variable, length)
TODO: Calculates the z-score
Parameters:
variable (float)
length (int)
Returns: TODO: returns float z-score
f_effect_size(array1, array2)
TODO: Calculates the effect size between two arrays of equal scale.
Parameters:
array1 (float )
array2 (float )
Returns: TODO: returns the effect size (float)
f_confidence_interval(array1, array2, ci_input)
TODO: Calculates the confidence interval between two arrays
Parameters:
array1 (float )
array2 (float )
ci_input (float)
Returns: TODO: returns the upper_bound and lower_bound cofidence interval as float values
paired_sample_t(src1, src2, len)
TODO: Performs a paired sample t-test
Parameters:
src1 (float)
src2 (float)
len (int)
Returns: TODO: Returns the t-statistic and degrees of freedom of a paired sample t-test
two_tail_t_test(array1, array2)
TODO: Perofrms a two tailed t-test
Parameters:
array1 (float )
array2 (float )
Returns: TODO: Returns the t-statistic and degrees of freedom of a two_tail_t_test sample t-test
t_table_analysis(t_stat, df)
TODO: This is to make a qualitative assessment of your paired and single sample t-test
Parameters:
t_stat (float)
df (float)
Returns: TODO: the function will return 2 string variables and 1 colour variable. The 2 string variables indicate whether the results are significant or not and the colour will
output red for insigificant and green for significant
t_table_p_value(df, t_stat)
TODO: This performs a quantaitive assessment on your t-tests to determine the statistical significance p value
Parameters:
df (float)
t_stat (float)
Returns: TODO: The function will return 1 float variable, the p value of the t-test.
cor_of_array(array1, array2)
TODO: This performs a pearson correlation assessment of two arrays. They need to be of equal size!
Parameters:
array1 (float )
array2 (float )
Returns: TODO: The function will return the pearson correlation.
quadratic_correlation(src1, src2, len)
TODO: This performs a quadratic (curvlinear) pearson correlation between two values.
Parameters:
src1 (float)
src2 (float)
len (int)
Returns: TODO: The function will return the pearson correlation (quadratic based).
f_r2_array(array1, array2)
TODO: Calculates the r2 of two arrays
Parameters:
array1 (float )
array2 (float )
Returns: TODO: returns the R2 value
f_rsqrd(src1, src2, len)
TODO: Calculates the r2 of two float variables
Parameters:
src1 (float)
src2 (float)
len (int)
Returns: TODO: returns the R2 value
test_of_normality(array, src)
TODO: tests the normal distribution hypothesis
Parameters:
array (float )
src (float)
Returns: TODO: returns 4 variables, 2 float and 2 string
Skew: the skewness of the dataset
Kurt: the kurtosis of the dataset
dist = the distribution type (recognizes 7 different distribution types)
implication = a string assessment of the implication of the distribution (qualitative)
f_forecast(output, input, train_len, forecast_length, output_array, upper_array, lower_array)
TODO: This performs a simple forecast function on a single dependent variable. It will autoregress this based on the train time, to the desired length of output,
then it will push the forecasted values to 3 float arrays, one that contains the forecasted result, 1 that contains the Upper Confidence Result and one with the lower confidence
result.
Parameters:
output (float)
input (float)
train_len (int)
forecast_length (int)
output_array (float )
upper_array (float )
lower_array (float )
Returns: TODO: Will return 3 arrays, one with the forecasted results, one with the upper confidence results, and a final with the lower confidence results. Example is given below.
Triple EMA By Ozy
**Triple EMA By Ozy**
The "Triple EMA By Ozy" is a visual indicator that offers traders a clear and concise view of three exponential moving averages (EMAs) at a glance. This tool combines three common EMAs (20, 50, and 200) and additionally calculates and displays the slope angle of each EMA, allowing for a more precise identification of the current trend's direction and strength.
**Key Features:**
1. **Three EMAs in One Indicator:** The 20, 50, and 200-period EMAs are popular among traders and are crucial for identifying short, medium, and long-term trends.
2. **Slope Angle:** The indicator calculates the slope angle for each EMA, which can be indicative of the trend's strength. A positive angle suggests bullish momentum, while a negative angle indicates bearish momentum.
3. **Clear Visual Indication:** The indicator uses colors to easily distinguish between EMAs and also to identify the direction of the slope angle (green for positive, red for negative).
**How to Use:**
- An increasing angle in the EMA20 may indicate the beginning of a new short-term upward trend.
- A decreasing angle in the EMA200 might signal a long-term downtrend gaining strength.
- Crosses between the EMAs can also be points of interest, like the golden cross (EMA50 crossing above the EMA200) or the death cross (EMA50 crossing below the EMA200).
**Triple EMA By Ozy**
El "Triple EMA By Ozy" es un indicador visual que proporciona a los traders una visión clara y concisa de tres medias móviles exponenciales (EMAs) en un solo vistazo. Esta herramienta combina tres EMAs comunes (20, 50 y 200) y, además, calcula y muestra el ángulo de inclinación de cada EMA para identificar con mayor precisión la dirección y la fuerza de la tendencia actual.
**Características principales:**
1. **Tres EMAs en un solo indicador:** Las EMAs de 20, 50 y 200 períodos son populares entre los traders y son esenciales para identificar tendencias a corto, mediano y largo plazo.
2. **Ángulo de inclinación:** El indicador calcula el ángulo de inclinación de cada EMA, que puede ser un indicativo de la fuerza de la tendencia. Un ángulo positivo sugiere un impulso alcista, mientras que un ángulo negativo indica un impulso bajista.
3. **Indicación visual clara:** El indicador utiliza colores para distinguir fácilmente entre EMAs y también para identificar la dirección del ángulo de inclinación (verde para positivo, rojo para negativo).
**Cómo usar:**
- Un ángulo creciente en la EMA20 puede indicar el comienzo de una nueva tendencia al alza a corto plazo.
- Un ángulo decreciente en la EMA200 puede ser una señal de una tendencia bajista a largo plazo que está ganando fuerza.
- Los cruces entre las EMAs también pueden ser puntos de interés, como el cruce dorado (EMA50 cruza por encima de la EMA200) o el cruce de la muerte (EMA50 cruza por debajo de la EMA200).
IchimokuBuy Sell With Stoch RSIIchimoku Kumo Cloud Crossover Indicator
The "Ichimoku Kumo Cloud Crossover" indicator is a custom technical analysis tool designed for use in the TradingView platform. This indicator is built to assist traders in identifying potential buy and sell signals based on a combination of Ichimoku Cloud analysis, Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD), Exponential Moving Average (EMA), Relative Strength Index (RSI), and Stochastic RSI.
Key Components and Parameters:
Ichimoku Kumo Cloud Calculation:
The Ichimoku Kumo Cloud is calculated using the Ichimoku Cloud's Conversion Line and Base Line.
Conversion Line, Base Line, Leading Span 1, and Leading Span 2:
These are key components of the Ichimoku Cloud, and they help identify trends and potential support/resistance levels in the market.
MACD Oscillator:
The Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) is used to gauge the strength and direction of the trend.
EMA 200 (Exponential Moving Average):
The EMA 200 is a long-term moving average used to identify the overall trend direction.
RSI (Relative Strength Index):
The RSI is a momentum oscillator that measures the speed and change of price movements, helping to identify overbought and oversold conditions.
Stochastic RSI (Stoch RSI):
Stoch RSI is calculated based on the RSI values and helps to identify overbought and oversold conditions in a more dynamic manner.
Signal Generation:
The indicator generates buy and sell signals based on the following criteria:
Buy Signal (Long Position):
The Conversion Line crosses above the Base Line (Ichimoku Cloud crossover).
The closing price is above the EMA 200, indicating a bullish bias.
The RSI is between 50 and 70, suggesting the potential for an uptrend.
The MACD Histogram is positive, indicating increasing bullish momentum.
The high price is at least 25% above the EMA 200.
Sell Signal (Short Position):
The Conversion Line crosses below the Base Line (Ichimoku Cloud crossover).
The closing price is below the EMA 200, indicating a bearish bias.
The RSI is between 20 and 50, suggesting the potential for a downtrend.
The MACD Histogram is negative, indicating increasing bearish momentum.
The low price is at least 25% below the EMA 200.
Stoch RSI Filter:
Additionally, a filter based on Stoch RSI slope is applied. The indicator will only open a position if the Stoch RSI is declining for short positions (sell) and rising for long positions (buy).
Visualization:
Buy signals are marked with green triangles below the bars.
Sell signals are marked with red triangles above the bars.
The Ichimoku Cloud is plotted in the background, with cloud colors changing based on whether the Conversion Line or Base Line is higher.
This indicator can be a valuable tool for traders looking to combine multiple technical analysis techniques to make informed trading decisions in the financial markets.
ATR Based EMA Price Targets [SS]As requested...
This is a spinoff of my EMA 9/21 cross indicator with price targets.
A few of you asked for a simple EMA crossover version and that is what this is.
I have, of course, added a bit of extra functionality to it, assuming you would want to transition from another EMA indicator to this one, I tried to leave it somewhat customizable so you can get the same type of functionality as any other EMA based indicator just with the added advantage of having an ATR based assessment added on. So lets get into the details:
What it does:
Same as my EMA 9/21, simply performs a basic ATR range analysis on a ticker, calculating the average move it does on a bullish or bearish cross.
How to use it:
So there are quite a few functions of this indicator. I am going to break them down one by one, from most basic to the more complex.
Plot functions:
EMA is Customizable: The EMA is customizable. If you want the 200, 100, 50, 31, 9, whatever you want, you just have to add the desired EMA timeframe in the settings menu.
Standard Deviation Bands are an option: If you like to have standard deviation bands added to your EMA's, you can select to show the standard deviation band. It will plot the standard deviation for the desired EMA timeframe (so if it is the EMA 200, it will plot the Standard Deviation on the EMA 200).
Plotting Crossovers: You can have the indicator plot green arrows for bullish crosses and red arrows for bearish crosses. I have smoothed out this function slightly by only having it signal a crossover when it breaks and holds. I pulled this over to the alert condition functions as well, so you are not constantly being alerted when it is bouncing over and below an EMA. Only once it chooses a direction, holds and moves up or down, will it alert to a true crossover.
Plotting labels: The indicator will default to plotting the price target labels and the EMA label. You can toggle these on and off in the EMA settings menu.
Trend Assessment Settings:
In addition to plotting the EMA itself and signaling the ATR ranges, the EMA will provide you will demographic information about the trend and price action behaviour around the EMA. You can see an example in the image below:
This will provide you with a breakdown of the statistics on the EMA over the designated lookback period, such as the number of crosses, the time above and below the EMA and the amount the EMA has remained within its standard deviation bands.
Where this is important is the proportion assessment. And what the proportion assessment is doing is its measuring the amount of time the ticker is spending either above or below the EMA.
Ideally, you should have relatively equal and uniform durations above and below. This would be a proportion of between 0.5 and 1.5 Above to Below. Now, you don't have to remember this because you can ask the indicator to do the assessment for you. It will be displayed at the bottom of your chart in a table that you can toggle on and off:
Example of a Uniform Assessment:
Example of a biased assessment:
Keep in mind, if you are using those very laggy EMAs (like the 50, 200, 100 etc.) on the daily timeframe, you aren't going to get uniformity in the data. This is because, stocks are technically already biased to the upside over time. Thus, when you are looking at the big picture, the bull bias thesis of the stock market is in play.
But for the smaller and moderate timeframes, owning to the randomness of price action, you can generally get uniformity in data representation by simply adjusting your lookback period.
To adjust your lookback period, you simply need to change the timeframe for the ATR lookback length. I suggest no less than 500 and probably no more than 1,500 candles, and work within this range. But you can use what the indicator indicates is appropriate.
Of course, all of these charts can be turned off and you are left with a clean looking EMA indicator:
And an example with the standard deviation bands toggled on:
And that, my friends, is the indicator.
Hopefully this is what you wanted, let me know if you have any suggestions.
Enjoy and safe trades!
Buy/Sell EMA CrossoverThe indicator identifies potential trading opportunities within the market. It is entirely based on the combination of exponential moving averages by drawing triangles on the chart that identify buy or sell signals combined with vertical bars that create areas of interest.
Specifically, when a buy signal occurs, the indicator draws a vertical bar with an azure background, indicating a possible buy area. Similarly, a sell signal is represented by a vertical bar with a fuchsia background, indicating a possible sell area.
These areas represent the main point of the indicator which uses exponential moving averages which, based on the direction of prices, identify the trend and color the background of the graph in order to visually highlight the predominant trend.
The green triangles above the bars of the chart suggest possible upside opportunities (good bullish entry points) when the 21 ema crosses the 200 ema.
While on the contrary the red triangles, 21 ema lower than the 200 ema, can indicate possible bearish trends (good bearish entry points).
While the white and purple triangles reveal moments of potential indecision or market change.
We can think of them as situations of uncertain trend in which it is possible to place a long or short order near some conditions that we are going to see.
The white triangles below, which are created when the 13 ema is higher than the 21 ema, indicate a possible bullish zone while the purple triangles above (13 ema lower than the 21) could suggest a bearish reflex
Colored lines represent moving averages blue = 200, 21= fuchsia and 13 = white. If the price is above the 200 period line then it could be a bullish opportunity, otherwise it could be a bearish one.
An interesting strategy to adopt is to evaluate, for example, the inputs near the vertical bars (azure - long) (fuchsia - short) when a white or purple triangle appears.
The more prominent green triangle indicates that the trend is going in a long direction.
On the contrary, the red (short) triangles are the opposite of the green ones and have the same importance as input logic.
The white triangle instead present more often inside the indicator identifies interesting buying areas of short duration, it is important to consider that the closer the triangles are to the vertical blue bars the stronger the entry signal.
Finally, the purple triangles are the short-term bearish trends whose entry near the fuchsia vertical bars defines a short.
Engulfing Box & LinesThe "Engulfing Box & Lines" indicator aims to spot and highlight Engulfing candlestick patterns within a trend. These patterns can provide valuable indications of a possible trend reversal, and the indicator underlines them through the use of colored rectangles and horizontal lines. To fully understand the functioning and use of this indicator, let's explore its key elements and associated strategies.
Identification of Engulfing Patterns:
The indicator focuses on detecting two types of Engulfing candles:
Bullish Engulfing: Occurs when a bullish candle (open lower than close) completely encloses the body of the previous bearish candle. This could indicate a possible upside reversal.
Bearish Engulfing: Occurs when a bearish candle (opening higher than closing) entirely engulfs the body of the previous bullish candle. This could signal a potential bearish reversal.
Using the EMA 200:
The indicator uses the 200-period Exponential Moving Average (EMA) as a reference to determine the position of the candles with respect to the long-term trend. When the price is above the 200 EMA, the bullish Engulfing candles are highlighted with a green box, while below the 200 EMA, red boxes are shown for the bearish Engulfing candles.
Size of Boxes and Lines:
The colored boxes represent the size of the body of the candle that caused the Engulfing. Additionally, a horizontal line is drawn close to the body of the candle, serving as the fulcrum of the indicator.
Trading Strategies:
This indicator can be used for different trading strategies:
Trend Continuation: During a positive trend, the onset of an engulfing pattern suggests a possible continuation of the trend. The horizontal lines represent potential support areas, where the price could bounce. Traders might consider buying during such bounces.
Retracements and Entries: Lines can act as support or resistance zones, depending on the trend. When the price approaches a line, a retracement could occur. Traders might move to a lower timeframe to spot entry signals, using the line as a reference.
Closing Positions: Lines could also be used to define exit levels. For example, a trader might decide to exit a position when the price approaches a resistance line.
Confirmations with Other Indicators: The indicator could be used in conjunction with other technical tools, such as oscillators or candlestick analysis, to confirm signals and improve the accuracy of trading decisions.
Engulfing Signals
Okay, so we've got an indicator here that prints buy sell signals based on engulfing candles and uses a 200 EMA and RSI to filter out some of the noise.
This indicator incorporates price action, in the form of engulfing candles, moving averages and a momentum oscillator. It also has the of plotting either a Simple Moving Average or an Exponential Moving Average over varying periods in order to determine if price is respecting a certain level or to develop more accurately-timed alert signals. Engulfing candles can be a good indication of a change in sentiment and momentum.
Engulfing candles can be a good indication of a change in market behaviour but they happen far too often to be of any practical use by themselves.
In order to filter out some of the weaker candles, I have incorporated RSI into this script. The indicator will provide a BUY signal only when an engulfing candle prints and there is a reading of above 50 on the RSI, which is considered to reflect overall bullish sentiment. The signal is printed directly on the chart as a small green triangle just under the engulfing candle.
In contrast, the indicator will provide a SELL signal only when an engulfing candle prints and there is a reading of below 50 on the RSI, which is considered to reflect overall bearish sentiment. The signal is printed directly on the chart as a small red triangle just above the engulfing candle.
In order to maintain a clean chart and maximise the opportunity to couple this indicator up with other indicators that may increase the accuracy of the signals even further, the RSI will not be shown on the chart. However, to verify the accuracy of the signals please feel free to load the RSI indicator onto your chart and you will see that the signals only print according to the conditions described above.
In order to further filter out weaker signals I have made a rule that a buy signal should only print if it is above the 200 EMA and a sell signal only if the engulfing candle is below the 200 EMA. I use the 200 EMA because it is a commonly accepted indication of the general trend and to make the signals as accurate as possible we want to be trading with the longer trend, not against it.
The indicator will not print signals for engulfing candles outside of these parameters.
I suggest combining this indicator with a shorter moving average such as a 9, 14 or 20 perhaps. There is no need to add an additional indicator. You can do this directly in the settings menu. This unique feature allows you to study possible levels that price may or may not be respecting.
Alternatively, you could use the MACD to filter out some of the weaker signals, though bear in mind that the RSI is already doing that to some degree before the signal even prints.
To my knowledge there is no other indicator out there that combines these three concepts but, as you will see, doing so provides some high quality signals.
Temporary imbalancesThis indicator is designed to identify imbalances in order flow and market liquidity, It highlights candles with significant imbalances and draws reference lines
The indicator calculates imbalance based on changes in closing prices and volume. It uses the standard deviation to determine the significant imbalance threshold. Candles with bullish imbalances are highlighted in green, while candles with bearish imbalances are highlighted in red.
Furthermore, the indicator includes features of latency arbitrage and liquidity analysis. Latency arbitrage looks for price differences between the anchored VWAP and bid/ask quotes, targeting trading opportunities based on these differences. The liquidity analysis verifies the liquidity imbalance and calculates the VWAP anchored on this value in total using 4 VWAP.
This indicator can be adjusted according to the preferences and characteristics of the specific asset or market. It provides clear visual information and can be used as a complementary tool for technical analysis in trading strategies.
Interesting Segment Length 20,50,80,200
and Interesting lookback period 20,50,80,200
Interesting imbalance threshold 1.5, 2.4, 3.3 ,4.2
Este indicador é projetado para identificar desequilíbrios no fluxo de ordens e na liquidez do mercado, Ele destaca velas com desequilíbrios significativos e traça linhas de referência
O indicador calcula o desequilíbrio com base nas mudanças nos preços de fechamento e no volume. Ele usa o desvio padrão para determinar o limiar de desequilíbrio significativo. As velas com desequilíbrios de alta são destacadas em verde, enquanto as velas com desequilíbrios de baixa são destacadas em vermelho.
Além disso, o indicador inclui recursos de arbitragem de latência e análise de liquidez. A arbitragem de latência procura diferenças de preços entre a VWAP ancorada e as cotações de compra/venda, visando oportunidades de negociação com base nessas diferenças. A análise de liquidez verifica o desequilíbrio de liquidez e calcula a VWAP ancorada nesse valor ao total utiliza 4 VWAP.
Este indicador pode ser ajustado de acordo com as preferências e características do ativo ou mercado específico. Ele fornece informações visuais claras e pode ser usado como uma ferramenta complementar para análise técnica em estratégias de negociação.
Comprimento do Segmento interessante para usa 20,50,80,200
e Período de lookback interessante para usa 20,50,80,200
Limiar de desequilíbrio interessante para usa 1.5 ,2.4, 3.3 ,4.2
Trend Correlation HeatmapHello everyone!
I am excited to release my trend correlation heatmap, or trend heatmap for short.
Per usual, I think its important to explain the theory before we get into the use of the indicator, so let's get into the theory!
The theory:
So what is a correlation?
Correlation is the relationship one variable has to another. Correlations are the basis of everything I do as a quantitative trader. From the correlation between the same variables (i.e. autocorrelation), the correlation between other variables (i.e. VIX and SPY, SPY High and SPY Low, DXY and ES1! close, etc.) and, as well, the correlation between price and time (time series correlation).
This may sound very familiar to you, especially if you are a user, observer or follower of my ideas and/or indicators. Ninety-five percent of my indicators are a function of one of those three things. Whether it be a time series based indicator (i.e.my time series indicator), whether it be autocorrelation (my autoregressive cloud indicator or my autocorrelation oscillator) or whether it be regressive in nature (i.e. my SPY Volume weighted close, or even my expected move which uses averages in lieu of regressive approaches but is foundational in regression principles. Or even my VIX oscillator which relies on the premise of correlations between tickers.) So correlation is extremely important to me and while its true I am more of a regression trader than anything, I would argue that I am more of a correlation trader, because correlations are the backbone of how I develop math models of stocks.
What I am trying to stress here is the importance of correlations. They really truly are foundational to any type of quantitative analysis for stocks. And as such, understanding the current relationship a stock has to time is pivotal for any meaningful analysis to be conducted.
So what is correlation to time and what does it tell us?
Correlation to time, otherwise known and commonly referred to as "Time Series", is the relationship a ticker's price has to the passing of time. It is displayed in the traditional Pearson Correlation Coefficient or R value and can be any value from -1 (strong negative relationship, i.e. a strong downtrend) to + 1 (i.e. a strong positive relationship, i.e. a strong uptrend). The higher or lower the value the stronger the up or downtrend is.
As such, correlation to time tells us two very important things. These are:
a) The direction of the stock; and
b) The strength of the trend.
Let's take a look at an example:
Above we have a chart of QQQ. We can see a trendline that seems to fit well. The questions we ask as traders are:
1. What is the likelihood QQQ breaks down from this trendline?
2. What is the likelihood QQQ continues up?
3. What is the likelihood QQQ does a false breakdown?
There are numerous mathematical approaches we can take to answer these questions. For example, 1 and 2 can be answered by use of a Cumulative Distribution Density analysis (CDDA) or even a linear or loglinear regression analysis and 3 can be answered, more or less, with a linear regression analysis and standard error ascertainment, or even just a general comparison using a data science approach (such as cosine similarity or Manhattan distance).
But, the reality is, all 3 of these questions can be visualized, at least in some way, by simply looking at the correlation to time. Let's look at this chart again, this time with the correlation heatmap applied:
If we look at the indicator we can see some pivotal things. These are:
1. We have 4, very strong uptrends that span both higher AND lower timeframes. We have a strong uptrend of 0.96 on the 5 minute, 50 candle period. We have a strong uptrend at the 300 candle lookback period on the 1 minute, we have a strong uptrend on the 100 day lookback on the daily timeframe period and we have a strong uptrend on the 5 minute on the 500 candle lookback period.
2. By comparison, we have 3 downtrends, all of which have correlations less than the 4 uptrends. All of the downtrends have a correlation above -0.8 (which we would want lower than -0.8 to be very strong), and all of the uptrends are greater than + 0.80.
3. We can also see that the uptrends are not confined to the smaller timeframes. We have multiple uptrends on multiple timeframes and both short term (50 to 100 candles) and long term (up to 500 candles).
4. The overall trend is strengthening to the upside manifested by a positive Max Change and a Positive Min change (to be discussed later more in-depth).
With this, we can see that QQQ is actually very strong and likely will continue at least some upside. If we let this play out:
We continued up, had one test and then bounced.
Now, I want to specify, this indicator is not a panacea for all trading. And in relation to the 3 questions posed, they are best answered, at least quantitatively, not only by correlation but also by the aforementioned methods (CDDA, etc.) but correlation will help you get a feel for the strength or weakness present with a stock.
What are some tangible applications of the indicator?
For me, this indicator is used in many ways. Let me outline some ways I generally apply this indicator in my day and swing trading:
1. Gauging the strength of the stock: The indictor tells you the most prevalent behavior of the stock. Are there more downtrends than uptrends present? Are the downtrends present on the larger timeframes vs uptrends on the shorter indicating a possible bullish reversal? or vice versa? Are the trends strengthening or weakening? All of these things can be visualized with the indicator.
2. Setting parameters for other indicators: If you trade EMAs or SMAs, you may have a "one size fits all" approach. However, its actually better to adjust your EMA or SMA length to the actual trend itself. Take a look at this:
This is QQQ on the 1 hour with the 200 EMA with 200 standard deviation bands added. If we look at the heatmap, we can see, yes indeed 200 has a fairly strong uptrend correlation of 0.70. But the strongest hourly uptrend is actually at 400 candles, with a correlation of 0.91. So what happens if we change the EMA length and standard deviation to 400? This:
The exact areas are circled and colour coded. You can see, the 400 offers more of a better reference point of supports and resistances as well as a better overall trend fit. And this is why I never advocate for getting married to a specific EMA. If you are an EMA 200 lover or 21 or 51, know that these are not always the best depending on the trend and situation.
Components of the indicator:
Ah okay, now for the boring stuff. Let's go over the functionality of the indicator. I tried to keep it simple, so it is pretty straight forward. If we open the menu here are our options:
We have the ability to toggle whichever timeframes we want. We also have the ability to toggle on or off the legend that displays the colour codes and the Max and Min highest change.
Max and Min highest change: The max and min highest change simply display the change in correlation over the previous 14 candles. An increasing Max change means that the Max trend is strengthening. If we see an increasing Max change and an increasing Min change (the Min correlation is moving up), this means the stock is bullish. Why? Because the min (i.e. ideally a big negative number) is going up closer to the positives. Therefore, the downtrend is weakening.
If we see both the Max and Min declining (red), that means the uptrend is weakening and downtrend is strengthening. Here are some examples:
Final Thoughts:
And that is the indicator and the theory behind the indicator.
In a nutshell, to summarize, the indicator simply tracks the correlation of a ticker to time on multiple timeframes. This will allow you to make judgements about strength, sentiment and also help you adjust which tools and timeframes you are using to perform your analyses.
As well, to make the indicator more user friendly, I tried to make the colours distinctively different. I was going to do different shades but it was a little difficult to visualize. As such, I have included a toggle-able legend with a breakdown of the colour codes!
That's it my friends, I hope you find it useful!
Safe trades and leave your questions, comments and feedback below!
Anchored VWAP+This indicator is an enhanced version of the Anchored VWAP indicator with additional functions:
1. Anchored AP (average price). It removes the volume weighting step in Anchored VWAP, and can display the average price over a period of time. For example, if the price of the stock in the last 3 days is 100, 200, 300, then AP is their average value of 200
2. Anchored AC (average cost). The average cost over time can be displayed. For example, if the price of the stock in the last 2 days is 100,300, then AC is (1+1)/(1/100+1/300)=150
When using the indicator, you need to choose a starting point, then the indicator will start to calculate the subsequent VWAP, AP and AC from this starting point, and draw 3 lines in the graph
These three lines can be regarded as the average cost line of the market, with potential support and resistance effects
We have filled the shadow between VWAP and AP, which can be regarded as a potential support resistance band
===========================中文版本===========================
该指标为增强版本的Anchored VWAP指标。在Anchored VWAP基础上增加了额外功能：
1. Anchored AP。其去掉了Anchored VWAP中成交量加权的步骤，可以显示一段时间的平均价格。举个例子，假如股票最近3天的价格为100，200，300，那么AP为他们的平均值200
2. Anchored AC。可以显示一段时间的平均成本。举个例子，假如股票最近2天的价格为100，300，那么AC为(1+1)/(1/100+1/300)=150
使用指标时你需要先选择一个起点，随后指标将会以该起点开始计算后续的VWAP、AP和AC，并且在图中绘制3根线
这3根线均可以视作是市场的平均成本线，具有潜在的支撑和阻力效果
我们让VWAP和AP之间填充了阴影，该阴影可以视作潜在的支撑阻力带
