Helme-Nikias Weighted Burg AR-SE Extra. of Price [Loxx]Helme-Nikias Weighted Burg AR-SE Extra. of Price is an indicator that uses an autoregressive spectral estimation called the Weighted Burg Algorithm, but unlike the usual WB algo, this one uses Helme-Nikias weighting. This method is commonly used in speech modeling and speech prediction engines. This is a linear method of forecasting data. You'll notice that this method uses a different weighting calculation vs Weighted Burg method. This new weighting is the following:
w = math.pow(array.get(x, i - 1), 2), the squared lag of the source parameter
and
w += math.pow(array.get(x, i), 2), the sum of the squared source parameter
This take place of the rectangular, hamming and parabolic weighting used in the Weighted Burg method
Also, this method includes Levinson–Durbin algorithm. as was already discussed previously in the following indicator:
Levinson-Durbin Autocorrelation Extrapolation of Price
What is Helme-Nikias Weighted Burg Autoregressive Spectral Estimate Extrapolation of price?
In this paper a new stable modification of the weighted Burg technique for autoregressive (AR) spectral estimation is introduced based on data-adaptive weights that are proportional to the common power of the forward and backward AR process realizations. It is shown that AR spectra of short length sinusoidal signals generated by the new approach do not exhibit phase dependence or line-splitting. Further, it is demonstrated that improvements in resolution may be so obtained relative to other weighted Burg algorithms. The method suggested here is shown to resolve two closely-spaced peaks of dynamic range 24 dB whereas the modified Burg schemes employing rectangular, Hamming or "optimum" parabolic windows fail.
Data inputs
Source Settings: -Loxx's Expanded Source Types. You typically use "open" since open has already closed on the current active bar
LastBar - bar where to start the prediction
PastBars - how many bars back to model
LPOrder - order of linear prediction model; 0 to 1
FutBars - how many bars you want to forward predict
Things to know
Normally, a simple moving average is calculated on source data. I've expanded this to 38 different averaging methods using Loxx's Moving Avreages.
This indicator repaints
Further reading
A high-resolution modified Burg algorithm for spectral estimation
Related Indicators
Levinson-Durbin Autocorrelation Extrapolation of Price
Weighted Burg AR Spectral Estimate Extrapolation of Price
Cerca negli script per "algo"
MIDAS VWAP Jayy his is just a bash together of two MIDAS VWAP scripts particularly AkifTokuz and drshoe.
I added the ability to show more MIDAS curves from the same script.
The algorithm primarily uses the "n" number but the date can be used for the 8th VWAP
I have not converted the script to version 3.
To find bar number go into "Chart Properties" select " "background" then select Indicator Titles and "Indicator values". When you place your cursor over a bar the first number you see adjacent to the script title is the bar number. Put that in the dialogue box midline is MIDAS VWAP . The resistance is a MIDAS VWAP using bar highs. The resistance is MIDAS VWAP using bar lows.
In most case using N will suffice. However, if you are flipping around charts inputting a specific date can be handy. In this way, you can compare the same point in time across multiple instruments eg first trading day of the year or an election date.
Adding dates into the dialogue box is a bit cumbersome so in this version, it is enabled for only one curve. I have called it VWAP and it follows the typical VWAP algorithm. (Does that make a difference? Read below re my opinion on the Difference between MIDAS VWAP and VWAP ).
I have added the ability to start from the bottom or top of the initiating bar.
In theory in a probable uptrend pick a low of a bar for a low pivot and start the MIDAS VWAP there using the support.
For a downtrend use the high pivot bar and select resistance. The way to see is to play with these values.
Difference between MIDAS VWAP and the regular VWAP
MIDAS itself as described by Levine uses a time anchored On-Balance Volume (OBV) plotted on a graph where the horizontal (abscissa) arm of the graph is cumulative volume not time. He called his VWAP curves Support/Resistance VWAP or S/R curves. These S/R curves are often referred to as "MIDAS curves".
These are the main components of the MIDAS chart. A third algorithm called the Top-Bottom Finder was also described. (Separate script).
Additional tools have been described in "MIDAS_Technical_Analysis"
Midas Technical Analysis: A VWAP Approach to Trading and Investing in Today’s Markets by Andrew Coles, David G. Hawkins
Copyright © 2011 by Andrew Coles and David G. Hawkins.
Denoting the different way in which Levine approached the calculation.
The difference between "MIDAS" VWAP and VWAP is, in my opinion, much ado about nothing. The algorithms generate identical curves albeit the MIDAS algorithm launches the curve one bar later than the VWAP algorithm which can be a pain in the neck. All of the algorithms that I looked at on Tradingview step back one bar in time to initiate the MIDAS curve. As such the plotted curves are identical to traditional VWAP assuming the initiation is from the candle/bar midpoint.
How did Levine intend the curves to be drawn?
On a reversal, he suggested the initiation of the Support and Resistance VVWAP (S/R curve) to be started after a reversal.
It is clear in his examples this happens occasionally but in many cases he initiates the so-called MIDAS S/R VWAP right at the reversal point. In any case, the algorithm is problematic if you wish to start a curve on the first bar of an IPO .
You will get nothing. That is a pain. Also in Levine's writings, he describes simply clicking on the point where a
S/R VWAP is to be drawn from. As such, the generally accepted method of initiating the curve at N-1 is a practical and sensible method. The only issue is that you cannot draw the curve from the first bar on any security, as mentioned without resorting to the typical VWAP algorithm. There is another difference. VWAP is launched from the middle of the bar (as per AlphaTrends), You can also launch from the top of the bar or the bottom (or anywhere for that matter). The calculation proceeds using the top or bottom for each new bar.
The potential applications are discussed in the MIDAS Technical Analysis book.
Ocs Ai TraderThis script perform predictive analytics from a virtual trader perspective!
It acts as an AI Trade Assistant that helps you decide the optimal times to buy or sell securities, providing you with precise target prices and stop-loss level to optimise your gains and manage risk effectively.
System Components
The trading system is built on 4 fundamental layers :
Time series Processing layer
Signal Processing layer
Machine Learning
Virtual Trade Emulator
Time series Processing layer
This is first component responsible for handling and processing real-time and historical time series data.
In this layer Signals are extracted from
averages such as : volume price mean, adaptive moving average
Estimates such as : relative strength stochastics estimates on supertrend
Signal Processing layer
This second layer processes signals from previous layer using sensitivity filter comprising of an Probability Distribution Confidence Filter
The main purpose here is to predict the trend of the underlying, by converging price, volume signals and deltas over a dominant cycle as dimensions and generate signals of action.
Key terms
Dominant cycle is a time cycle that has a greater influence on the overall behaviour of a system than other cycles.
The system uses Ehlers method to calculate Dominant Cycle/ Period.
Dominant cycle is used to determine the influencing period for the underlying.
Once the dominant cycle/ period is identified, it is treated as a dynamic length for considering further calculations
Predictive Adaptive Filter to generate Signals and define Targets and Stops
An adaptive filter is a system with a linear filter that has a transfer function controlled by variable parameters and a means to adjust those parameters according to an optimisation algorithm. Because of the complexity of the optimisation algorithms, almost all adaptive filters are digital filters. Thus Helping us classify our intent either long side or short side
The indicator use Adaptive Least mean square algorithm, for convergence of the filtered signals into a category of intents, (either buy or sell)
Machine Learning
The third layer of the System performs classifications using KNN K-Nearest Neighbour is one of the simplest Machine Learning algorithms based on Supervised Learning technique.
K-NN algorithm assumes the similarity between the new case/data and available cases and put the new case into the category that is most similar to the available categories.
K-NN algorithm stores all the available data and classifies a new data point based on the similarity. This means when new data appears then it can be easily classified into a well suite category by using K- NN algorithm. K-NN algorithm can be used for Regression as well as for Classification but mostly it is used for the Classification problems.
Virtual Trade Emulator
In this last and fourth layer a trade assistant is coded using trade emulation techniques and the Lines and Labels for Buy / Sell Signals, Targets and Stop are forecasted!
How to use
The system generates Buy and Sell alerts and plots it on charts
Buy signal
Buy signal constitutes of three targets {namely T1, T2, T3} and one stop level
Sell signal
Sell signal constitutes of three targets {namely T1, T2, T3} and one stop level
What Securities will it work upon ?
Volume Informations must be present for the applied security
The indicator works on every liquid security : stocks, future, forex, crypto, options, commodities
What TimeFrames To Use ?
You can use any Timeframe, The indicator is Adaptive in Nature,
I personally use timeframes such as : 1m, 5m 10m, 15m, ..... 1D, 1W
This Script Uses Tradingview Premium features for working on lower timeframes
In case if you are not a Tradingview premium subscriber you should tell the script that after applying on chart, this can be done by going to settings and unchecking "Is your Tradingview Subscription Premium or Above " Option
How To Get Access ?
You will need to privately message me for access mentioning you want access to "Ocs Ai Trader" Use comment box only for constructive comments. Thanks !
Bist Manipulation [Projeadam]
OVERVIEW | GENEL BAKIŞ
ENG: Indicator that detects manipulation candles according to changing market conditions.
TR: Değişen piyasa koşullarına göre manipülasyon mumlarını tespit eden gösterge.
ENG: IMPORTANT NOTE: This indicator works in BIST Market and only in Future Parities.
Example ->> PETKM1! --SASA1!
TR: ÖNEMLİ NOT: Bu indikatör BİST Piyasasında ve sadece Future Paritelerde Çalışır.
Örnek- >> PETKM1! -- SASA1!
ENG: Market makers manipulate the market because most people who trade on the stock exchange act with their emotions and are forced to close the transaction at a loss.
TR: Piyasada market yapıcı oluşumlar manipülasyon yaparlar çünkü borsada işlem alan insanların birçoğu duygularıyla hareket eder ve zararla işlem kapatılmaya zorlanır.
ENG: If we detect manipulation candles in the market, we can control our fragile psychology and close our transactions in profit by trading with market-making formations in these areas.
TR: Marketde manipülasyon mumlarını tespit edersek kırılgan psikolojimizi kontrol edebilir ve bu alanlardan market yapıcı oluşumlarla beraber işlem alarak işlemlerimizi karda kapatabiliriz.
ALGORITHM | ALGORİTMA
ENG: With the help of this indicator, you can detect manipulation candles in the BIST exchange with the help of the algorithm I created by using volumetric data and wicks created by the price.
When there is excessive volatility in price movement, the algorithm in this indicator notices this price volatility and calculates a manipulation value by dividing it by the volatility value in past price movements.
TR: Bu indikatör yardımıyla hacimsel veriler ve fiyatın oluşturduğu fitillerden yararlanarak oluşturduğum algoritma yardımıyla siz de BİST borsasında manipülasyon mumlarını tespit edebilirsiniz.
Fiyat hareketinde aşırı derece oynaklık olduğunda bu indikatördeki algoritma bu fiyat oynaklığını fark eder ve geçmiş fiyat hareketlerindeki oylanklık degerine bölerek bize bir manipülasyon degeri hesaplar.
How does the indicator work? | Gösterge nasıl çalışır?
ENG: The manipulation candle does not give us information about the direction of price movement, it is only used as an auxiliary indicator.
TR: Manipülasyon mumu bize fiyat hareketinin yönü hakkında bilgi vermez sadece yardımcı bir gösterge olarak kullanılır.
ENG: We show our manipulation values as columns. We draw a channel over the values we show and we understand that there is manipulation in the candle of our values above this channel.
TR: Manipülasyon degerlerimiz kolonlar şeklinde gösteriyoruz. Gösterdiğimiz değerlerimizin üzerine bir kanal çizdiriyoruz ve bu kanalın üzerinde kalan değerlerimizdeki mumda manipülasyon yapıldığını anlıyoruz.
ENG: The indicator shows the manipulation value in the form of columns. Our manipulation value that goes outside the channel we have determined is colored red, within the channel it is colored yellow, and below the channel it is colored green. Red columns indicate candles that are manipulations.
TR: İndikatör manipülasyon degerini kolonlar şeklinde gösteriyor. Bizim belirlediğimiz kanal dışına çıkan manipülasyon degerimiz kırmızı, kanal içerisinde sarı, kanal altında yeşil olarak renklendiriliyor. Kırmızı kolonlar manipülasyon olan mumları göstermektedir.
Example | Örnek
ENG: In our example above, we see a manipulation candle that clears the price gaps, while the market maker clears the orders in the price gaps at the bottom to move the price up.
TR: Yukarıdaki örneğimizde oluşan fiyat boşluklarını temizleyen bir manipülasyon mumu görmekteyiz, alt kısımdaki fiyat boşluklarındaki emirleri temizleyen market maker fiyatı yukarı taşımak için buradaki emirleri temizliyor.
SETTINGS PANEL | AYARLAR PANELİ
ENG: We have only one setting in this indicator.
TR: Bu indikatörde tek ayarımız vardır.
ENG: Our multiplier value determines the width of the band value formed above our manipulation value. In the chart above, our multiplier value is 3.3. If we reduce our multiplier value, our manipulation sensitivity will decrease as there will be much more candles on the band.
TR: Çarpan değerimiz manipülasyon değerimizin üstünde oluşşan band değerinin genişliğini belirlemektedir.Yukarıdaki grafikte çarpan değerimiz 3.3, Eğer çarpan değerimizi azaltırsak band üstünde çok daha fazla mum olacağı için manipülasyon hassasiyetimiz azalacaktır.
ENG: When we set our multiplier value to 2.3, we have a more sensitive manipulation skin and it gives signals in more candles.
TR: Çarpan değerimizi 2.3 yapınca daha hassas manipülasyon derimiz oluyor ve daha fazla mumda sinyal veriyor.
If you have any ideas what to add to my work to add more sources or make calculations cooler, suggest in DM .
Fusion: Machine Learning SuiteThe Fusion: Machine Learning Suite combines multiple technical analysis dimensions and harnesses the predictive power of machine learning, seamlessly integrating a diverse array of classic and novel indicators to deliver precision, adaptability, and innovation.
Features and Capabilities
Multidimensional Analysis: Fusion: MLS integrates various technical analysis dimensions to offer a more comprehensive perspective.
Machine Learning Integration: Utilizing ML algorithms, Fusion: MLS offers adaptability to market changes.
Custom Indicators: Including dimensions like "Moon Lander", "Cap Line" and "Z-Pack" the indicator expands the scope of traditional technical analysis methods.
Tailored Customization: With customization options, Fusion: MLS allows traders to configure the tool to suit their specific strategies and market focus.
In the following sections, we'll explore the features and settings of Fusion: MLS in detail, providing insights into how it can be utilized.
Major Features and Settings
The indicator consists of several core components and settings, each designed to provide specific functionalities and insights. Here's an in-depth look:
Machine Learning Component
Distance Classifier: A Strategic Approach to Market Analysis
In the world of trading and investment, the ability to classify and predict price movements is paramount. Machine learning offers powerful tools for this purpose.
The Fusion: MLS indicator among others incorporates an Approximate Nearest Neighbors (ANN)* algorithm, a machine learning classification technique, and allows the selection of various distance functions .
This flexibility sets Fusion: MLS apart from existing solutions. The available distance functions include:
Euclidean: Standard distance metric, commonly used as a default.
Chebyshev: Also known as maximum value distance.
Manhattan: Sum of absolute differences.
Minkowski: Generalized metric that includes Euclidean and Manhattan as special cases.
Mahalanobis: Measures distance between points in a correlated space.
Lorentzian: Known for its robustness to outliers and noise.
*For a deeper understanding of the Approximate Nearest Neighbors (ANN) algorithm, traders are encouraged to refer to the relevant articles that can be found in the public domain.
Alternative scoring system
Fusion: MLS also includes a custom scoring alternative based on directional price action.
"Combined: Directional" and "Alpha: Directional" scoring types represent our own directional change algorithm, simple yet effective in displaying trend direction changes early on. They are visualized by color changes when scoring becomes below or above zero.
Changes in scoring quickly reflect shifts in buyer and seller sentiment.
Traders may choose signals by Color Change in the indicator settings to get alerts when scoring color shifts, not waiting until the histogram crosses the zero level.
Application in Trading
Machine learning classification has become an integral part of modern trading, offering innovative ways to analyze and interpret financial data.
Many algorithmic trading systems leverage ML classification to automate trading decisions. By continuously learning from real-time data, these systems can adapt to changing market conditions and execute trades with increased efficiency and accuracy.
ML classification allows for the development of tailored trading strategies as traders can select specific algorithms, dimensions, and filters that align with their trading style, goals, and the particular market they are operating.
We have integrated ML classification with traditional trading tools, such as moving averages and technical indicators. This fusion creates a more robust analysis framework, combining the strengths of classical techniques with the adaptability of machine learning.
Whether used independently or in conjunction with other tools, ML classification represents a significant advancement in trading technology, opening new avenues for exploration, innovation, and success in the financial world.
ML: Weighting System
The Fusion: MLS indicator introduces a unique weighting system that allows traders to customize the influence of various technical indicators in the machine learning process. This feature is not only innovative but also provides a level of control and adaptability that sets it apart from other indicators.
Customizable Weights
The weighting system allows users to assign specific weights to different indicators such as Moon Lander, RSI, MACD, Money Flow, Bollinger Bands, Cap Line, Z-Pack, Squeeze Momentum*, and MA Crossover. These weights can be adjusted manually, providing the ability to emphasize or de-emphasize specific indicators based on the trader's strategy or market conditions.
*Note, we determined via testing that the popular "Squeeze" indicator can actually be well replicated by simply using inputs of 15 & 199 in the bedrock indicator - MACD ; while we employed the standard "Squeeze" formula (developed by J. Carter ) in Fusion: MLS, traders are hereby made aware of our research findings regarding such.
The weighting system's importance lies in its ability to provide a more nuanced and personalized analysis. By adjusting the weights of different indicators a trader focusing on momentum strategies might assign higher weights to the Squeeze Momentum and MA Crossover indicators, while a trader looking for volatility might emphasize RSI and Bollinger Bands.
The ability to customize weights adds a layer of complexity and adaptability that is rare in standard machine-learning indicators.
Custom Indicators: Moon Lander
The "Moon Lander" is not just a catchy name; it's a robust feature inspired by principles from aerospace engineering and offers a unique perspective on trading analysis. Here's a conceptual overview:
Fast EMA and Kalman Matrix
"Moon Lander" incorporates both a Fast Exponential Moving Average (EMA) and a Kalman Matrix in its design. These two elements are combined to create a histogram, providing a specific approach to data analysis.
The Kalman Matrix, or Kalman Filter, is a mathematical concept used for estimating variables that can be measured indirectly and contain noise or uncertainty. It's a standard tool in machine learning and control systems, known for its ability to provide optimal estimates based on observed data.
Kalman Filter: A Navigational Tool
The Kalman filter, an essential part of "Moon Lander," is a mathematical concept known for its applications in navigation and control systems used by NASA in the apollo program :
Guidance in Uncertainty: Just as the Kalman filter helped guide complex aerospace missions through uncertain paths, it assists traders in navigating the often unpredictable financial markets.
Filtering Noise: In trading, the Kalman filter serves to filter out market noise, allowing traders to focus on the underlying trends.
Predictive Capabilities: Its ability to predict future states makes it a valuable tool for forecasting market movements and trend directions.
Custom Indicators: Cap Line and Z-Pack
Fusion: MLS integrates our additional proprietary custom indicators that have been published on TradingView earlier:
Cap Line: Delve into the specific functionalities and applications of our proprietary "Cap Line" indicator in the published description on TradingView.
Z-Pack: Explore the analytical perspectives, focused on the z-score methodology, and custom "Z-Pack" indicator by reviewing the published description on TradingView.
Buy/Sell Signal Generation Algorithms
Fusion: MLS offers various options for generating buy/sell signals, tailored to different trading strategies and perspectives:
Fusion: Allows traders to select any number of dimensions to receive buy/sell signals from, offering customized signal generation.
ML: Utilizes the machine learning ANN distance for signal generation.
Color Change: Generates signals by selected scoring type color change.
Displayed Dimension, Alpha Dimension: Generate signals based on specific selected dimensions.
These algorithms provide flexibility in determining buy/sell signals, catering to different trading styles and market conditions.
Filters
Filters are used to refine and selectively include or exclude signals based on specific criteria. Rather than generating signals, these filters act as gatekeepers, ensuring that only the signals meeting certain conditions are considered. Here's an overview of the filters used:
Dynamic State Predictor (DSP)
The DSP employs the Kalman Matrix to evaluate existing signals by comparing the fast and slow-moving averages, both processed through the Kalman Matrix. Based on the relationship between these averages, the DSP may exclude specific signals, depending on whether they align with upward or downward trends.
Average Directional Index (ADX)
The ADX filter evaluates the strength of existing trends and filters out signals that do not meet the specified ADX threshold and length, focusing on significant market movements.
Feature Engineering: RSI
Applies a filter to the existing signals, clearing out those that do not meet the criteria for RSI overbought or oversold threshold condition.
Feature Engineering: MACD
Assesses existing signals to identify changes in the strength, direction, momentum, and duration of a trend, filtering out those that do not align with MACD trend direction.
The Visual Component
The machine learning component is an internal component. However, the indicator also offers an equally important and useful visual component. It is a graphical representation of the multiple technical analysis dimensions, that can be combined in various ways (where the name "Fusion" comes from), allowing traders to visualize the underlying data and its analysis.
Displayed Dimension: Visualization and Normalization
The Fusion: MLS indicator offers a "Displayed Dimension" feature that visualizes various dimensions as a histogram. These dimensions may include RSI, MAs, BBs, MACD, etc.
RSI Dimension on the image + ML signals
Normalization: Each dimension is normalized. If any dimension has extreme values, a Fisher transformation is applied to bring them within a reasonable range.
Combined Dimension: When selecting the "Combined" option , the normalized values of the selected dimensions are combined using techniques such as standardization, normalization, or winsorization. This flexibility enables tailored visualization and analysis.
Alpha Dimension: Enhancing Analysis
The "Alpha Dimension" feature allows traders to select an additional dimension alongside the Displayed Dimension. This facilitates a combined analysis, enhancing the depth of insights.
Theme Selection
Fusion: MLS offers various themes such as "Sailfish", "Iceberg", "Moon", "Perl", "Candy" and "Monochrome" Traders can select a theme that resonates with their preference, enhancing visual appeal. There is also a "Custom" theme available that allows the user to choose the colors of the theme.
Customizing Fusion: MLS for Various Markets and Strategies
Fusion: MLS is designed with customization in mind. Traders can tailor the indicator to suit various markets and trading strategies. Selecting specific dimensions allows it to align with individual trading goals.
Selecting Dimensions: Choose the dimensions that resonate with your trading approach, whether focusing on trend-following, momentum, or other strategies.
Adjusting Parameters: Fine-tune the parameters of each dimension, including custom ones like "Moon Lander," to suit specific market conditions.
Theme Customization: Select a theme that aligns with your visual preferences, enhancing your chart's readability and appeal.
Utilizing Research: Leverage the underlying algorithms and research, such as machine learning classification by ANN and the Kalman filter, to deepen your understanding and application of Fusion: MLS.
Alerts
The indicator includes an alerting system that notifies traders when new buy or sell signals are detected.
Disclaimer
The information provided herein is intended for informational purposes only and should not be construed as investment advice, endorsement, nor a recommendation to buy or sell any financial instruments. Fusion: MLS is a technical analysis tool, and like all tools, it should be used with caution and in conjunction with other forms of analysis.
Traders and investors are encouraged to consult with a licensed financial professional and conduct their own research before making any trading or investment decisions. Past performance of the Fusion: MLS indicator or any trading strategy does not guarantee future results, and all trading involves risk. Users of Fusion: MLS should understand the underlying algorithms and assumptions and consider their individual risk tolerance and investment goals when using this tool.
AI Moving Average (Expo)█ Overview
The AI Moving Average indicator is a trading tool that uses an AI-based K-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm to analyze and interpret patterns in price data. It combines the logic of a traditional moving average with artificial intelligence, creating an adaptive and robust indicator that can identify strong trends and key market levels.
█ How It Works
The algorithm collects data points and applies a KNN-weighted approach to classify price movement as either bullish or bearish. For each data point, the algorithm checks if the price is above or below the calculated moving average. If the price is above the moving average, it's labeled as bullish (1), and if it's below, it's labeled as bearish (0). The K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) is an instance-based learning algorithm used in classification and regression tasks. It works on a principle of voting, where a new data point is classified based on the majority label of its 'k' nearest neighbors.
The algorithm's use of a KNN-weighted approach adds a layer of intelligence to the traditional moving average analysis. By considering not just the price relative to a moving average but also taking into account the relationships and similarities between different data points, it offers a nuanced and robust classification of price movements.
This combination of data collection, labeling, and KNN-weighted classification turns the AI Moving Average (Expo) Indicator into a dynamic tool that can adapt to changing market conditions, making it suitable for various trading strategies and market environments.
█ How to Use
Dynamic Trend Recognition
The color-coded moving average line helps traders quickly identify market trends. Green represents bullish, red for bearish, and blue for neutrality.
Trend Strength
By adjusting certain settings within the AI Moving Average (Expo) Indicator, such as using a higher 'k' value and increasing the number of data points, traders can gain real-time insights into strong trends. A higher 'k' value makes the prediction model more resilient to noise, emphasizing pronounced trends, while more data points provide a comprehensive view of the market direction. Together, these adjustments enable the indicator to display only robust trends on the chart, allowing traders to focus exclusively on significant market movements and strong trends.
Key SR Levels
Traders can utilize the indicator to identify key support and resistance levels that are derived from the prevailing trend movement. The derived support and resistance levels are not just based on historical data but are dynamically adjusted with the current trend, making them highly responsive to market changes.
█ Settings
k (Neighbors): Number of neighbors in the KNN algorithm. Increasing 'k' makes predictions more resilient to noise but may decrease sensitivity to local variations.
n (DataPoints): Number of data points considered in AI analysis. This affects how the AI interprets patterns in the price data.
maType (Select MA): Type of moving average applied. Options allow for different smoothing techniques to emphasize or dampen aspects of price movement.
length: Length of the moving average. A greater length creates a smoother curve but might lag recent price changes.
dataToClassify: Source data for classifying price as bullish or bearish. It can be adjusted to consider different aspects of price information
dataForMovingAverage: Source data for calculating the moving average. Different selections may emphasize different aspects of price movement.
-----------------
Disclaimer
The information contained in my Scripts/Indicators/Ideas/Algos/Systems does not constitute financial advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any securities of any type. I will not accept liability for any loss or damage, including without limitation any loss of profit, which may arise directly or indirectly from the use of or reliance on such information.
All investments involve risk, and the past performance of a security, industry, sector, market, financial product, trading strategy, backtest, or individual's trading does not guarantee future results or returns. Investors are fully responsible for any investment decisions they make. Such decisions should be based solely on an evaluation of their financial circumstances, investment objectives, risk tolerance, and liquidity needs.
My Scripts/Indicators/Ideas/Algos/Systems are only for educational purposes!
Adaptivity: Measures of Dominant Cycles and Price Trend [Loxx]Adaptivity: Measures of Dominant Cycles and Price Trend is an indicator that outputs adaptive lengths using various methods for dominant cycle and price trend timeframe adaptivity. While the information output from this indicator might be useful for the average trader in one off circumstances, this indicator is really meant for those need a quick comparison of dynamic length outputs who wish to fine turn algorithms and/or create adaptive indicators.
This indicator compares adaptive output lengths of all publicly known adaptive measures. Additional adaptive measures will be added as they are discovered and made public.
The first released of this indicator includes 6 measures. An additional three measures will be added with updates. Please check back regularly for new measures.
Ehers:
Autocorrelation Periodogram
Band-pass
Instantaneous Cycle
Hilbert Transformer
Dual Differentiator
Phase Accumulation (future release)
Homodyne (future release)
Jurik:
Composite Fractal Behavior (CFB)
Adam White:
Veritical Horizontal Filter (VHF) (future release)
What is an adaptive cycle, and what is Ehlers Autocorrelation Periodogram Algorithm?
From his Ehlers' book Cycle Analytics for Traders Advanced Technical Trading Concepts by John F. Ehlers , 2013, page 135:
"Adaptive filters can have several different meanings. For example, Perry Kaufman's adaptive moving average (KAMA) and Tushar Chande's variable index dynamic average (VIDYA) adapt to changes in volatility . By definition, these filters are reactive to price changes, and therefore they close the barn door after the horse is gone.The adaptive filters discussed in this chapter are the familiar Stochastic , relative strength index (RSI), commodity channel index (CCI), and band-pass filter.The key parameter in each case is the look-back period used to calculate the indicator. This look-back period is commonly a fixed value. However, since the measured cycle period is changing, it makes sense to adapt these indicators to the measured cycle period. When tradable market cycles are observed, they tend to persist for a short while.Therefore, by tuning the indicators to the measure cycle period they are optimized for current conditions and can even have predictive characteristics.
The dominant cycle period is measured using the Autocorrelation Periodogram Algorithm. That dominant cycle dynamically sets the look-back period for the indicators. I employ my own streamlined computation for the indicators that provide smoother and easier to interpret outputs than traditional methods. Further, the indicator codes have been modified to remove the effects of spectral dilation.This basically creates a whole new set of indicators for your trading arsenal."
What is this Hilbert Transformer?
An analytic signal allows for time-variable parameters and is a generalization of the phasor concept, which is restricted to time-invariant amplitude, phase, and frequency. The analytic representation of a real-valued function or signal facilitates many mathematical manipulations of the signal. For example, computing the phase of a signal or the power in the wave is much simpler using analytic signals.
The Hilbert transformer is the technique to create an analytic signal from a real one. The conventional Hilbert transformer is theoretically an infinite-length FIR filter. Even when the filter length is truncated to a useful but finite length, the induced lag is far too large to make the transformer useful for trading.
From his Ehlers' book Cycle Analytics for Traders Advanced Technical Trading Concepts by John F. Ehlers , 2013, pages 186-187:
"I want to emphasize that the only reason for including this section is for completeness. Unless you are interested in research, I suggest you skip this section entirely. To further emphasize my point, do not use the code for trading. A vastly superior approach to compute the dominant cycle in the price data is the autocorrelation periodogram. The code is included because the reader may be able to capitalize on the algorithms in a way that I do not see. All the algorithms encapsulated in the code operate reasonably well on theoretical waveforms that have no noise component. My conjecture at this time is that the sample-to-sample noise simply swamps the computation of the rate change of phase, and therefore the resulting calculations to find the dominant cycle are basically worthless.The imaginary component of the Hilbert transformer cannot be smoothed as was done in the Hilbert transformer indicator because the smoothing destroys the orthogonality of the imaginary component."
What is the Dual Differentiator, a subset of Hilbert Transformer?
From his Ehlers' book Cycle Analytics for Traders Advanced Technical Trading Concepts by John F. Ehlers , 2013, page 187:
"The first algorithm to compute the dominant cycle is called the dual differentiator. In this case, the phase angle is computed from the analytic signal as the arctangent of the ratio of the imaginary component to the real component. Further, the angular frequency is defined as the rate change of phase. We can use these facts to derive the cycle period."
What is the Phase Accumulation, a subset of Hilbert Transformer?
From his Ehlers' book Cycle Analytics for Traders Advanced Technical Trading Concepts by John F. Ehlers , 2013, page 189:
"The next algorithm to compute the dominant cycle is the phase accumulation method. The phase accumulation method of computing the dominant cycle is perhaps the easiest to comprehend. In this technique, we measure the phase at each sample by taking the arctangent of the ratio of the quadrature component to the in-phase component. A delta phase is generated by taking the difference of the phase between successive samples. At each sample we can then look backwards, adding up the delta phases.When the sum of the delta phases reaches 360 degrees, we must have passed through one full cycle, on average.The process is repeated for each new sample.
The phase accumulation method of cycle measurement always uses one full cycle's worth of historical data.This is both an advantage and a disadvantage.The advantage is the lag in obtaining the answer scales directly with the cycle period.That is, the measurement of a short cycle period has less lag than the measurement of a longer cycle period. However, the number of samples used in making the measurement means the averaging period is variable with cycle period. longer averaging reduces the noise level compared to the signal.Therefore, shorter cycle periods necessarily have a higher out- put signal-to-noise ratio."
What is the Homodyne, a subset of Hilbert Transformer?
From his Ehlers' book Cycle Analytics for Traders Advanced Technical Trading Concepts by John F. Ehlers , 2013, page 192:
"The third algorithm for computing the dominant cycle is the homodyne approach. Homodyne means the signal is multiplied by itself. More precisely, we want to multiply the signal of the current bar with the complex value of the signal one bar ago. The complex conjugate is, by definition, a complex number whose sign of the imaginary component has been reversed."
What is the Instantaneous Cycle?
The Instantaneous Cycle Period Measurement was authored by John Ehlers; it is built upon his Hilbert Transform Indicator.
From his Ehlers' book Cybernetic Analysis for Stocks and Futures: Cutting-Edge DSP Technology to Improve Your Trading by John F. Ehlers, 2004, page 107:
"It is obvious that cycles exist in the market. They can be found on any chart by the most casual observer. What is not so clear is how to identify those cycles in real time and how to take advantage of their existence. When Welles Wilder first introduced the relative strength index (rsi), I was curious as to why he selected 14 bars as the basis of his calculations. I reasoned that if i knew the correct market conditions, then i could make indicators such as the rsi adaptive to those conditions. Cycles were the answer. I knew cycles could be measured. Once i had the cyclic measurement, a host of automatically adaptive indicators could follow.
Measurement of market cycles is not easy. The signal-to-noise ratio is often very low, making measurement difficult even using a good measurement technique. Additionally, the measurements theoretically involve simultaneously solving a triple infinity of parameter values. The parameters required for the general solutions were frequency, amplitude, and phase. Some standard engineering tools, like fast fourier transforms (ffs), are simply not appropriate for measuring market cycles because ffts cannot simultaneously meet the stationarity constraints and produce results with reasonable resolution. Therefore i introduced maximum entropy spectral analysis (mesa) for the measurement of market cycles. This approach, originally developed to interpret seismographic information for oil exploration, produces high-resolution outputs with an exceptionally short amount of information. A short data length improves the probability of having nearly stationary data. Stationary data means that frequency and amplitude are constant over the length of the data. I noticed over the years that the cycles were ephemeral. Their periods would be continuously increasing and decreasing. Their amplitudes also were changing, giving variable signal-to-noise ratio conditions. Although all this is going on with the cyclic components, the enduring characteristic is that generally only one tradable cycle at a time is present for the data set being used. I prefer the term dominant cycle to denote that one component. The assumption that there is only one cycle in the data collapses the difficulty of the measurement process dramatically."
What is the Band-pass Cycle?
From his Ehlers' book Cycle Analytics for Traders Advanced Technical Trading Concepts by John F. Ehlers , 2013, page 47:
"Perhaps the least appreciated and most underutilized filter in technical analysis is the band-pass filter. The band-pass filter simultaneously diminishes the amplitude at low frequencies, qualifying it as a detrender, and diminishes the amplitude at high frequencies, qualifying it as a data smoother. It passes only those frequency components from input to output in which the trader is interested. The filtering produced by a band-pass filter is superior because the rejection in the stop bands is related to its bandwidth. The degree of rejection of undesired frequency components is called selectivity. The band-stop filter is the dual of the band-pass filter. It rejects a band of frequency components as a notch at the output and passes all other frequency components virtually unattenuated. Since the bandwidth of the deep rejection in the notch is relatively narrow and since the spectrum of market cycles is relatively broad due to systemic noise, the band-stop filter has little application in trading."
From his Ehlers' book Cycle Analytics for Traders Advanced Technical Trading Concepts by John F. Ehlers , 2013, page 59:
"The band-pass filter can be used as a relatively simple measurement of the dominant cycle. A cycle is complete when the waveform crosses zero two times from the last zero crossing. Therefore, each successive zero crossing of the indicator marks a half cycle period. We can establish the dominant cycle period as twice the spacing between successive zero crossings."
What is Composite Fractal Behavior (CFB)?
All around you mechanisms adjust themselves to their environment. From simple thermostats that react to air temperature to computer chips in modern cars that respond to changes in engine temperature, r.p.m.'s, torque, and throttle position. It was only a matter of time before fast desktop computers applied the mathematics of self-adjustment to systems that trade the financial markets.
Unlike basic systems with fixed formulas, an adaptive system adjusts its own equations. For example, start with a basic channel breakout system that uses the highest closing price of the last N bars as a threshold for detecting breakouts on the up side. An adaptive and improved version of this system would adjust N according to market conditions, such as momentum, price volatility or acceleration.
Since many systems are based directly or indirectly on cycles, another useful measure of market condition is the periodic length of a price chart's dominant cycle, (DC), that cycle with the greatest influence on price action.
The utility of this new DC measure was noted by author Murray Ruggiero in the January '96 issue of Futures Magazine. In it. Mr. Ruggiero used it to adaptive adjust the value of N in a channel breakout system. He then simulated trading 15 years of D-Mark futures in order to compare its performance to a similar system that had a fixed optimal value of N. The adaptive version produced 20% more profit!
This DC index utilized the popular MESA algorithm (a formulation by John Ehlers adapted from Burg's maximum entropy algorithm, MEM). Unfortunately, the DC approach is problematic when the market has no real dominant cycle momentum, because the mathematics will produce a value whether or not one actually exists! Therefore, we developed a proprietary indicator that does not presuppose the presence of market cycles. It's called CFB (Composite Fractal Behavior) and it works well whether or not the market is cyclic.
CFB examines price action for a particular fractal pattern, categorizes them by size, and then outputs a composite fractal size index. This index is smooth, timely and accurate
Essentially, CFB reveals the length of the market's trending action time frame. Long trending activity produces a large CFB index and short choppy action produces a small index value. Investors have found many applications for CFB which involve scaling other existing technical indicators adaptively, on a bar-to-bar basis.
What is VHF Adaptive Cycle?
Vertical Horizontal Filter (VHF) was created by Adam White to identify trending and ranging markets. VHF measures the level of trend activity, similar to ADX DI. Vertical Horizontal Filter does not, itself, generate trading signals, but determines whether signals are taken from trend or momentum indicators. Using this trend information, one is then able to derive an average cycle length.
Adaptive Oscillator constructor [lastguru]Adaptive Oscillators use the same principle as Adaptive Moving Averages. This is an experiment to separate length generation from oscillators, offering multiple alternatives to be combined. Some of the combinations are widely known, some are not. Note that all Oscillators here are normalized to -1..1 range. This indicator is based on my previously published public libraries and also serve as a usage demonstration for them. I will try to expand the collection (suggestions are welcome), however it is not meant as an encyclopaedic resource , so you are encouraged to experiment yourself: by looking on the source code of this indicator, I am sure you will see how trivial it is to use the provided libraries and expand them with your own ideas and combinations. I give no recommendation on what settings to use, but if you find some useful setting, combination or application ideas (or bugs in my code), I would be happy to read about them in the comments section.
The indicator works in three stages: Prefiltering, Length Adaptation and Oscillators.
Prefiltering is a fast smoothing to get rid of high-frequency (2, 3 or 4 bar) noise.
Adaptation algorithms are roughly subdivided in two categories: classic Length Adaptations and Cycle Estimators (they are also implemented in separate libraries), all are selected in Adaptation dropdown. Length Adaptation used in the Adaptive Moving Averages and the Adaptive Oscillators try to follow price movements and accelerate/decelerate accordingly (usually quite rapidly with a huge range). Cycle Estimators, on the other hand, try to measure the cycle period of the current market, which does not reflect price movement or the rate of change (the rate of change may also differ depending on the cycle phase, but the cycle period itself usually changes slowly).
Chande (Price) - based on Chande's Dynamic Momentum Index (CDMI or DYMOI), which is dynamic RSI with this length
Chande (Volume) - a variant of Chande's algorithm, where volume is used instead of price
VIDYA - based on VIDYA algorithm. The period oscillates from the Lower Bound up (slow)
VIDYA-RS - based on Vitali Apirine's modification of VIDYA algorithm (he calls it Relative Strength Moving Average). The period oscillates from the Upper Bound down (fast)
Kaufman Efficiency Scaling - based on Efficiency Ratio calculation originally used in KAMA
Deviation Scaling - based on DSSS by John F. Ehlers
Median Average - based on Median Average Adaptive Filter by John F. Ehlers
Fractal Adaptation - based on FRAMA by John F. Ehlers
MESA MAMA Alpha - based on MESA Adaptive Moving Average by John F. Ehlers
MESA MAMA Cycle - based on MESA Adaptive Moving Average by John F. Ehlers , but unlike Alpha calculation, this adaptation estimates cycle period
Pearson Autocorrelation* - based on Pearson Autocorrelation Periodogram by John F. Ehlers
DFT Cycle* - based on Discrete Fourier Transform Spectrum estimator by John F. Ehlers
Phase Accumulation* - based on Dominant Cycle from Phase Accumulation by John F. Ehlers
Length Adaptation usually take two parameters: Bound From (lower bound) and To (upper bound). These are the limits for Adaptation values. Note that the Cycle Estimators marked with asterisks(*) are very computationally intensive, so the bounds should not be set much higher than 50, otherwise you may receive a timeout error (also, it does not seem to be a useful thing to do, but you may correct me if I'm wrong).
The Cycle Estimators marked with asterisks(*) also have 3 checkboxes: HP (Highpass Filter), SS (Super Smoother) and HW (Hann Window). These enable or disable their internal prefilters, which are recommended by their author - John F. Ehlers . I do not know, which combination works best, so you can experiment.
Chande's Adaptations also have 3 additional parameters: SD Length (lookback length of Standard deviation), Smooth (smoothing length of Standard deviation) and Power ( exponent of the length adaptation - lower is smaller variation). These are internal tweaks for the calculation.
Oscillators section offer you a choice of Oscillator algorithms:
Stochastic - Stochastic
Super Smooth Stochastic - Super Smooth Stochastic (part of MESA Stochastic) by John F. Ehlers
CMO - Chande Momentum Oscillator
RSI - Relative Strength Index
Volume-scaled RSI - my own version of RSI. It scales price movements by the proportion of RMS of volume
Momentum RSI - RSI of price momentum
Rocket RSI - inspired by RocketRSI by John F. Ehlers (not an exact implementation)
MFI - Money Flow Index
LRSI - Laguerre RSI by John F. Ehlers
LRSI with Fractal Energy - a combo oscillator that uses Fractal Energy to tune LRSI gamma
Fractal Energy - Fractal Energy or Choppiness Index by E. W. Dreiss
Efficiency ratio - based on Kaufman Adaptive Moving Average calculation
DMI - Directional Movement Index (only ADX is drawn)
Fast DMI - same as DMI, but without secondary smoothing
If no Adaptation is selected (None option), you can set Length directly. If an Adaptation is selected, then Cycle multiplier can be set.
Before an Oscillator, a High Pass filter may be executed to remove cyclic components longer than the provided Highpass Length (no High Pass filter, if Highpass Length = 0). Both before and after the Oscillator a Moving Average can be applied. The following Moving Averages are included: SMA, RMA, EMA, HMA , VWMA, 2-pole Super Smoother, 3-pole Super Smoother, Filt11, Triangle Window, Hamming Window, Hann Window, Lowpass, DSSS. For more details on these Moving Averages, you can check my other Adaptive Constructor indicator:
The Oscillator output may be renormalized and postprocessed with the following Normalization algorithms:
Stochastic - Stochastic
Super Smooth Stochastic - Super Smooth Stochastic (part of MESA Stochastic) by John F. Ehlers
Inverse Fisher Transform - Inverse Fisher Transform
Noise Elimination Technology - a simplified Kendall correlation algorithm "Noise Elimination Technology" by John F. Ehlers
Except for Inverse Fisher Transform, all Normalization algorithms can have Length parameter. If it is not specified (set to 0), then the calculated Oscillator length is used.
More information on the algorithms is given in the code for the libraries used. I am also very grateful to other TradingView community members (they are also mentioned in the library code) without whom this script would not have been possible.
Monte Carlo Range Forecast [DW]This is an experimental study designed to forecast the range of price movement from a specified starting point using a Monte Carlo simulation.
Monte Carlo experiments are a broad class of computational algorithms that utilize random sampling to derive real world numerical results.
These types of algorithms have a number of applications in numerous fields of study including physics, engineering, behavioral sciences, climate forecasting, computer graphics, gaming AI, mathematics, and finance.
Although the applications vary, there is a typical process behind the majority of Monte Carlo methods:
-> First, a distribution of possible inputs is defined.
-> Next, values are generated randomly from the distribution.
-> The values are then fed through some form of deterministic algorithm.
-> And lastly, the results are aggregated over some number of iterations.
In this study, the Monte Carlo process used generates a distribution of aggregate pseudorandom linear price returns summed over a user defined period, then plots standard deviations of the outcomes from the mean outcome generate forecast regions.
The pseudorandom process used in this script relies on a modified Wichmann-Hill pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) algorithm.
Wichmann-Hill is a hybrid generator that uses three linear congruential generators (LCGs) with different prime moduli.
Each LCG within the generator produces an independent, uniformly distributed number between 0 and 1.
The three generated values are then summed and modulo 1 is taken to deliver the final uniformly distributed output.
Because of its long cycle length, Wichmann-Hill is a fantastic generator to use on TV since it's extremely unlikely that you'll ever see a cycle repeat.
The resulting pseudorandom output from this generator has a minimum repetition cycle length of 6,953,607,871,644.
Fun fact: Wichmann-Hill is a widely used PRNG in various software applications. For example, Excel 2003 and later uses this algorithm in its RAND function, and it was the default generator in Python up to v2.2.
The generation algorithm in this script takes the Wichmann-Hill algorithm, and uses a multi-stage transformation process to generate the results.
First, a parent seed is selected. This can either be a fixed value, or a dynamic value.
The dynamic parent value is produced by taking advantage of Pine's timenow variable behavior. It produces a variable parent seed by using a frozen ratio of timenow/time.
Because timenow always reflects the current real time when frozen and the time variable reflects the chart's beginning time when frozen, the ratio of these values produces a new number every time the cache updates.
After a parent seed is selected, its value is then fed through a uniformly distributed seed array generator, which generates multiple arrays of pseudorandom "children" seeds.
The seeds produced in this step are then fed through the main generators to produce arrays of pseudorandom simulated outcomes, and a pseudorandom series to compare with the real series.
The main generators within this script are designed to (at least somewhat) model the stochastic nature of financial time series data.
The first step in this process is to transform the uniform outputs of the Wichmann-Hill into outputs that are normally distributed.
In this script, the transformation is done using an estimate of the normal distribution quantile function.
Quantile functions, otherwise known as percent-point or inverse cumulative distribution functions, specify the value of a random variable such that the probability of the variable being within the value's boundary equals the input probability.
The quantile equation for a normal probability distribution is μ + σ(√2)erf^-1(2(p - 0.5)) where μ is the mean of the distribution, σ is the standard deviation, erf^-1 is the inverse Gauss error function, and p is the probability.
Because erf^-1() does not have a simple, closed form interpretation, it must be approximated.
To keep things lightweight in this approximation, I used a truncated Maclaurin Series expansion for this function with precomputed coefficients and rolled out operations to avoid nested looping.
This method provides a decent approximation of the error function without completely breaking floating point limits or sucking up runtime memory.
Note that there are plenty of more robust techniques to approximate this function, but their memory needs very. I chose this method specifically because of runtime favorability.
To generate a pseudorandom approximately normally distributed variable, the uniformly distributed variable from the Wichmann-Hill algorithm is used as the input probability for the quantile estimator.
Now from here, we get a pretty decent output that could be used itself in the simulation process. Many Monte Carlo simulations and random price generators utilize a normal variable.
However, if you compare the outputs of this normal variable with the actual returns of the real time series, you'll find that the variability in shocks (random changes) doesn't quite behave like it does in real data.
This is because most real financial time series data is more complex. Its distribution may be approximately normal at times, but the variability of its distribution changes over time due to various underlying factors.
In light of this, I believe that returns behave more like a convoluted product distribution rather than just a raw normal.
So the next step to get our procedurally generated returns to more closely emulate the behavior of real returns is to introduce more complexity into our model.
Through experimentation, I've found that a return series more closely emulating real returns can be generated in a three step process:
-> First, generate multiple independent, normally distributed variables simultaneously.
-> Next, apply pseudorandom weighting to each variable ranging from -1 to 1, or some limits within those bounds. This modulates each series to provide more variability in the shocks by producing product distributions.
-> Lastly, add the results together to generate the final pseudorandom output with a convoluted distribution. This adds variable amounts of constructive and destructive interference to produce a more "natural" looking output.
In this script, I use three independent normally distributed variables multiplied by uniform product distributed variables.
The first variable is generated by multiplying a normal variable by one uniformly distributed variable. This produces a bit more tailedness (kurtosis) than a normal distribution, but nothing too extreme.
The second variable is generated by multiplying a normal variable by two uniformly distributed variables. This produces moderately greater tails in the distribution.
The third variable is generated by multiplying a normal variable by three uniformly distributed variables. This produces a distribution with heavier tails.
For additional control of the output distributions, the uniform product distributions are given optional limits.
These limits control the boundaries for the absolute value of the uniform product variables, which affects the tails. In other words, they limit the weighting applied to the normally distributed variables in this transformation.
All three sets are then multiplied by user defined amplitude factors to adjust presence, then added together to produce our final pseudorandom return series with a convoluted product distribution.
Once we have the final, more "natural" looking pseudorandom series, the values are recursively summed over the forecast period to generate a simulated result.
This process of generation, weighting, addition, and summation is repeated over the user defined number of simulations with different seeds generated from the parent to produce our array of initial simulated outcomes.
After the initial simulation array is generated, the max, min, mean and standard deviation of this array are calculated, and the values are stored in holding arrays on each iteration to be called upon later.
Reference difference series and price values are also stored in holding arrays to be used in our comparison plots.
In this script, I use a linear model with simple returns rather than compounding log returns to generate the output.
The reason for this is that in generating outputs this way, we're able to run our simulations recursively from the beginning of the chart, then apply scaling and anchoring post-process.
This allows a greater conservation of runtime memory than the alternative, making it more suitable for doing longer forecasts with heavier amounts of simulations in TV's runtime environment.
From our starting time, the previous bar's price, volatility, and optional drift (expected return) are factored into our holding arrays to generate the final forecast parameters.
After these parameters are computed, the range forecast is produced.
The basis value for the ranges is the mean outcome of the simulations that were run.
Then, quarter standard deviations of the simulated outcomes are added to and subtracted from the basis up to 3σ to generate the forecast ranges.
All of these values are plotted and colorized based on their theoretical probability density. The most likely areas are the warmest colors, and least likely areas are the coolest colors.
An information panel is also displayed at the starting time which shows the starting time and price, forecast type, parent seed value, simulations run, forecast bars, total drift, mean, standard deviation, max outcome, min outcome, and bars remaining.
The interesting thing about simulated outcomes is that although the probability distribution of each simulation is not normal, the distribution of different outcomes converges to a normal one with enough steps.
In light of this, the probability density of outcomes is highest near the initial value + total drift, and decreases the further away from this point you go.
This makes logical sense since the central path is the easiest one to travel.
Given the ever changing state of markets, I find this tool to be best suited for shorter term forecasts.
However, if the movements of price are expected to remain relatively stable, longer term forecasts may be equally as valid.
There are many possible ways for users to apply this tool to their analysis setups. For example, the forecast ranges may be used as a guide to help users set risk targets.
Or, the generated levels could be used in conjunction with other indicators for meaningful confluence signals.
More advanced users could even extrapolate the functions used within this script for various purposes, such as generating pseudorandom data to test systems on, perform integration and approximations, etc.
These are just a few examples of potential uses of this script. How you choose to use it to benefit your trading, analysis, and coding is entirely up to you.
If nothing else, I think this is a pretty neat script simply for the novelty of it.
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How To Use:
When you first add the script to your chart, you will be prompted to confirm the starting date and time, number of bars to forecast, number of simulations to run, and whether to include drift assumption.
You will also be prompted to confirm the forecast type. There are two types to choose from:
-> End Result - This uses the values from the end of the simulation throughout the forecast interval.
-> Developing - This uses the values that develop from bar to bar, providing a real-time outlook.
You can always update these settings after confirmation as well.
Once these inputs are confirmed, the script will boot up and automatically generate the forecast in a separate pane.
Note that if there is no bar of data at the time you wish to start the forecast, the script will automatically detect use the next available bar after the specified start time.
From here, you can now control the rest of the settings.
The "Seeding Settings" section controls the initial seed value used to generate the children that produce the simulations.
In this section, you can control whether the seed is a fixed value, or a dynamic one.
Since selecting the dynamic parent option will change the seed value every time you change the settings or refresh your chart, there is a "Regenerate" input built into the script.
This input is a dummy input that isn't connected to any of the calculations. The purpose of this input is to force an update of the dynamic parent without affecting the generator or forecast settings.
Note that because we're running a limited number of simulations, different parent seeds will typically yield slightly different forecast ranges.
When using a small number of simulations, you will likely see a higher amount of variance between differently seeded results because smaller numbers of sampled simulations yield a heavier bias.
The more simulations you run, the smaller this variance will become since the outcomes become more convergent toward the same distribution, so the differences between differently seeded forecasts will become more marginal.
When using a dynamic parent, pay attention to the dispersion of ranges.
When you find a set of ranges that is dispersed how you like with your configuration, set your fixed parent value to the parent seed that shows in the info panel.
This will allow you to replicate that dispersion behavior again in the future.
An important thing to note when settings alerts on the plotted levels, or using them as components for signals in other scripts, is to decide on a fixed value for your parent seed to avoid minor repainting due to seed changes.
When the parent seed is fixed, no repainting occurs.
The "Amplitude Settings" section controls the amplitude coefficients for the three differently tailed generators.
These amplitude factors will change the difference series output for each simulation by controlling how aggressively each series moves.
When "Adjust Amplitude Coefficients" is disabled, all three coefficients are set to 1.
Note that if you expect volatility to significantly diverge from its historical values over the forecast interval, try experimenting with these factors to match your anticipation.
The "Weighting Settings" section controls the weighting boundaries for the three generators.
These weighting limits affect how tailed the distributions in each generator are, which in turn affects the final series outputs.
The maximum absolute value range for the weights is . When "Limit Generator Weights" is disabled, this is the range that is automatically used.
The last set of inputs is the "Display Settings", where you can control the visual outputs.
From here, you can select to display either "Forecast" or "Difference Comparison" via the "Output Display Type" dropdown tab.
"Forecast" is the type displayed by default. This plots the end result or developing forecast ranges.
There is an option with this display type to show the developing extremes of the simulations. This option is enabled by default.
There's also an option with this display type to show one of the simulated price series from the set alongside actual prices.
This allows you to visually compare simulated prices alongside the real prices.
"Difference Comparison" allows you to visually compare a synthetic difference series from the set alongside the actual difference series.
This display method is primarily useful for visually tuning the amplitude and weighting settings of the generators.
There are also info panel settings on the bottom, which allow you to control size, colors, and date format for the panel.
It's all pretty simple to use once you get the hang of it. So play around with the settings and see what kinds of forecasts you can generate!
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ADDITIONAL NOTES & DISCLAIMERS
Although I've done a number of things within this script to keep runtime demands as low as possible, the fact remains that this script is fairly computationally heavy.
Because of this, you may get random timeouts when using this script.
This could be due to either random drops in available runtime on the server, using too many simulations, or running the simulations over too many bars.
If it's just a random drop in runtime on the server, hide and unhide the script, re-add it to the chart, or simply refresh the page.
If the timeout persists after trying this, then you'll need to adjust your settings to a less demanding configuration.
Please note that no specific claims are being made in regards to this script's predictive accuracy.
It must be understood that this model is based on randomized price generation with assumed constant drift and dispersion from historical data before the starting point.
Models like these not consider the real world factors that may influence price movement (economic changes, seasonality, macro-trends, instrument hype, etc.), nor the changes in sample distribution that may occur.
In light of this, it's perfectly possible for price data to exceed even the most extreme simulated outcomes.
The future is uncertain, and becomes increasingly uncertain with each passing point in time.
Predictive models of any type can vary significantly in performance at any point in time, and nobody can guarantee any specific type of future performance.
When using forecasts in making decisions, DO NOT treat them as any form of guarantee that values will fall within the predicted range.
When basing your trading decisions on any trading methodology or utility, predictive or not, you do so at your own risk.
No guarantee is being issued regarding the accuracy of this forecast model.
Forecasting is very far from an exact science, and the results from any forecast are designed to be interpreted as potential outcomes rather than anything concrete.
With that being said, when applied prudently and treated as "general case scenarios", forecast models like these may very well be potentially beneficial tools to have in the arsenal.
Machine Learning: LVQ-based StrategyLVQ-based Strategy (FX and Crypto)
Description:
Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ) can be understood as a special case of an artificial neural network, more precisely, it applies a winner-take-all learning-based approach. It is based on prototype supervised learning classification task and trains its weights through a competitive learning algorithm.
Algorithm:
Initialize weights
Train for 1 to N number of epochs
- Select a training example
- Compute the winning vector
- Update the winning vector
Classify test sample
The LVQ algorithm offers a framework to test various indicators easily to see if they have got any *predictive value*. One can easily add cog, wpr and others.
Note: TradingViews's playback feature helps to see this strategy in action. The algo is tested with BTCUSD/1Hour.
Warning: This is a preliminary version! Signals ARE repainting.
***Warning***: Signals LARGELY depend on hyperparams (lrate and epochs).
Style tags: Trend Following, Trend Analysis
Asset class: Equities, Futures, ETFs, Currencies and Commodities
Dataset: FX Minutes/Hours+++/Days
Risk-Adjusted Momentum Oscillator# Risk-Adjusted Momentum Oscillator (RAMO): Momentum Analysis with Integrated Risk Assessment
## 1. Introduction
Momentum indicators have been fundamental tools in technical analysis since the pioneering work of Wilder (1978) and continue to play crucial roles in systematic trading strategies (Jegadeesh & Titman, 1993). However, traditional momentum oscillators suffer from a critical limitation: they fail to account for the risk context in which momentum signals occur. This oversight can lead to significant drawdowns during periods of market stress, as documented extensively in the behavioral finance literature (Kahneman & Tversky, 1979; Shefrin & Statman, 1985).
The Risk-Adjusted Momentum Oscillator addresses this gap by incorporating real-time drawdown metrics into momentum calculations, creating a self-regulating system that automatically adjusts signal sensitivity based on current risk conditions. This approach aligns with modern portfolio theory's emphasis on risk-adjusted returns (Markowitz, 1952) and reflects the sophisticated risk management practices employed by institutional investors (Ang, 2014).
## 2. Theoretical Foundation
### 2.1 Momentum Theory and Market Anomalies
The momentum effect, first systematically documented by Jegadeesh & Titman (1993), represents one of the most robust anomalies in financial markets. Subsequent research has confirmed momentum's persistence across various asset classes, time horizons, and geographic markets (Fama & French, 1996; Asness, Moskowitz & Pedersen, 2013). However, momentum strategies are characterized by significant time-varying risk, with particularly severe drawdowns during market reversals (Barroso & Santa-Clara, 2015).
### 2.2 Drawdown Analysis and Risk Management
Maximum drawdown, defined as the peak-to-trough decline in portfolio value, serves as a critical risk metric in professional portfolio management (Calmar, 1991). Research by Chekhlov, Uryasev & Zabarankin (2005) demonstrates that drawdown-based risk measures provide superior downside protection compared to traditional volatility metrics. The integration of drawdown analysis into momentum calculations represents a natural evolution toward more sophisticated risk-aware indicators.
### 2.3 Adaptive Smoothing and Market Regimes
The concept of adaptive smoothing in technical analysis draws from the broader literature on regime-switching models in finance (Hamilton, 1989). Perry Kaufman's Adaptive Moving Average (1995) pioneered the application of efficiency ratios to adjust indicator responsiveness based on market conditions. RAMO extends this concept by incorporating volatility-based adaptive smoothing, allowing the indicator to respond more quickly during high-volatility periods while maintaining stability during quiet markets.
## 3. Methodology
### 3.1 Core Algorithm Design
The RAMO algorithm consists of several interconnected components:
#### 3.1.1 Risk-Adjusted Momentum Calculation
The fundamental innovation of RAMO lies in its risk adjustment mechanism:
Risk_Factor = 1 - (Current_Drawdown / Maximum_Drawdown × Scaling_Factor)
Risk_Adjusted_Momentum = Raw_Momentum × max(Risk_Factor, 0.05)
This formulation ensures that momentum signals are dampened during periods of high drawdown relative to historical maximums, implementing an automatic risk management overlay as advocated by modern portfolio theory (Markowitz, 1952).
#### 3.1.2 Multi-Algorithm Momentum Framework
RAMO supports three distinct momentum calculation methods:
1. Rate of Change: Traditional percentage-based momentum (Pring, 2002)
2. Price Momentum: Absolute price differences
3. Log Returns: Logarithmic returns preferred for volatile assets (Campbell, Lo & MacKinlay, 1997)
This multi-algorithm approach accommodates different asset characteristics and volatility profiles, addressing the heterogeneity documented in cross-sectional momentum studies (Asness et al., 2013).
### 3.2 Leading Indicator Components
#### 3.2.1 Momentum Acceleration Analysis
The momentum acceleration component calculates the second derivative of momentum, providing early signals of trend changes:
Momentum_Acceleration = EMA(Momentum_t - Momentum_{t-n}, n)
This approach draws from the physics concept of acceleration and has been applied successfully in financial time series analysis (Treadway, 1969).
#### 3.2.2 Linear Regression Prediction
RAMO incorporates linear regression-based prediction to project momentum values forward:
Predicted_Momentum = LinReg_Value + (LinReg_Slope × Forward_Offset)
This predictive component aligns with the literature on technical analysis forecasting (Lo, Mamaysky & Wang, 2000) and provides leading signals for trend changes.
#### 3.2.3 Volume-Based Exhaustion Detection
The exhaustion detection algorithm identifies potential reversal points by analyzing the relationship between momentum extremes and volume patterns:
Exhaustion = |Momentum| > Threshold AND Volume < SMA(Volume, 20)
This approach reflects the established principle that sustainable price movements require volume confirmation (Granville, 1963; Arms, 1989).
### 3.3 Statistical Normalization and Robustness
RAMO employs Z-score normalization with outlier protection to ensure statistical robustness:
Z_Score = (Value - Mean) / Standard_Deviation
Normalized_Value = max(-3.5, min(3.5, Z_Score))
This normalization approach follows best practices in quantitative finance for handling extreme observations (Taleb, 2007) and ensures consistent signal interpretation across different market conditions.
### 3.4 Adaptive Threshold Calculation
Dynamic thresholds are calculated using Bollinger Band methodology (Bollinger, 1992):
Upper_Threshold = Mean + (Multiplier × Standard_Deviation)
Lower_Threshold = Mean - (Multiplier × Standard_Deviation)
This adaptive approach ensures that signal thresholds adjust to changing market volatility, addressing the critique of fixed thresholds in technical analysis (Taylor & Allen, 1992).
## 4. Implementation Details
### 4.1 Adaptive Smoothing Algorithm
The adaptive smoothing mechanism adjusts the exponential moving average alpha parameter based on market volatility:
Volatility_Percentile = Percentrank(Volatility, 100)
Adaptive_Alpha = Min_Alpha + ((Max_Alpha - Min_Alpha) × Volatility_Percentile / 100)
This approach ensures faster response during volatile periods while maintaining smoothness during stable conditions, implementing the adaptive efficiency concept pioneered by Kaufman (1995).
### 4.2 Risk Environment Classification
RAMO classifies market conditions into three risk environments:
- Low Risk: Current_DD < 30% × Max_DD
- Medium Risk: 30% × Max_DD ≤ Current_DD < 70% × Max_DD
- High Risk: Current_DD ≥ 70% × Max_DD
This classification system enables conditional signal generation, with long signals filtered during high-risk periods—a approach consistent with institutional risk management practices (Ang, 2014).
## 5. Signal Generation and Interpretation
### 5.1 Entry Signal Logic
RAMO generates enhanced entry signals through multiple confirmation layers:
1. Primary Signal: Crossover between indicator and signal line
2. Risk Filter: Confirmation of favorable risk environment for long positions
3. Leading Component: Early warning signals via acceleration analysis
4. Exhaustion Filter: Volume-based reversal detection
This multi-layered approach addresses the false signal problem common in traditional technical indicators (Brock, Lakonishok & LeBaron, 1992).
### 5.2 Divergence Analysis
RAMO incorporates both traditional and leading divergence detection:
- Traditional Divergence: Price and indicator divergence over 3-5 periods
- Slope Divergence: Momentum slope versus price direction
- Acceleration Divergence: Changes in momentum acceleration
This comprehensive divergence analysis framework draws from Elliott Wave theory (Prechter & Frost, 1978) and momentum divergence literature (Murphy, 1999).
## 6. Empirical Advantages and Applications
### 6.1 Risk-Adjusted Performance
The risk adjustment mechanism addresses the fundamental criticism of momentum strategies: their tendency to experience severe drawdowns during market reversals (Daniel & Moskowitz, 2016). By automatically reducing position sizing during high-drawdown periods, RAMO implements a form of dynamic hedging consistent with portfolio insurance concepts (Leland, 1980).
### 6.2 Regime Awareness
RAMO's adaptive components enable regime-aware signal generation, addressing the regime-switching behavior documented in financial markets (Hamilton, 1989; Guidolin, 2011). The indicator automatically adjusts its parameters based on market volatility and risk conditions, providing more reliable signals across different market environments.
### 6.3 Institutional Applications
The sophisticated risk management overlay makes RAMO particularly suitable for institutional applications where drawdown control is paramount. The indicator's design philosophy aligns with the risk budgeting approaches used by hedge funds and institutional investors (Roncalli, 2013).
## 7. Limitations and Future Research
### 7.1 Parameter Sensitivity
Like all technical indicators, RAMO's performance depends on parameter selection. While default parameters are optimized for broad market applications, asset-specific calibration may enhance performance. Future research should examine optimal parameter selection across different asset classes and market conditions.
### 7.2 Market Microstructure Considerations
RAMO's effectiveness may vary across different market microstructure environments. High-frequency trading and algorithmic market making have fundamentally altered market dynamics (Aldridge, 2013), potentially affecting momentum indicator performance.
### 7.3 Transaction Cost Integration
Future enhancements could incorporate transaction cost analysis to provide net-return-based signals, addressing the implementation shortfall documented in practical momentum strategy applications (Korajczyk & Sadka, 2004).
## References
Aldridge, I. (2013). *High-Frequency Trading: A Practical Guide to Algorithmic Strategies and Trading Systems*. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Ang, A. (2014). *Asset Management: A Systematic Approach to Factor Investing*. New York: Oxford University Press.
Arms, R. W. (1989). *The Arms Index (TRIN): An Introduction to the Volume Analysis of Stock and Bond Markets*. Homewood, IL: Dow Jones-Irwin.
Asness, C. S., Moskowitz, T. J., & Pedersen, L. H. (2013). Value and momentum everywhere. *Journal of Finance*, 68(3), 929-985.
Barroso, P., & Santa-Clara, P. (2015). Momentum has its moments. *Journal of Financial Economics*, 116(1), 111-120.
Bollinger, J. (1992). *Bollinger on Bollinger Bands*. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Brock, W., Lakonishok, J., & LeBaron, B. (1992). Simple technical trading rules and the stochastic properties of stock returns. *Journal of Finance*, 47(5), 1731-1764.
Calmar, T. (1991). The Calmar ratio: A smoother tool. *Futures*, 20(1), 40.
Campbell, J. Y., Lo, A. W., & MacKinlay, A. C. (1997). *The Econometrics of Financial Markets*. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Chekhlov, A., Uryasev, S., & Zabarankin, M. (2005). Drawdown measure in portfolio optimization. *International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance*, 8(1), 13-58.
Daniel, K., & Moskowitz, T. J. (2016). Momentum crashes. *Journal of Financial Economics*, 122(2), 221-247.
Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (1996). Multifactor explanations of asset pricing anomalies. *Journal of Finance*, 51(1), 55-84.
Granville, J. E. (1963). *Granville's New Key to Stock Market Profits*. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Guidolin, M. (2011). Markov switching models in empirical finance. In D. N. Drukker (Ed.), *Missing Data Methods: Time-Series Methods and Applications* (pp. 1-86). Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing.
Hamilton, J. D. (1989). A new approach to the economic analysis of nonstationary time series and the business cycle. *Econometrica*, 57(2), 357-384.
Jegadeesh, N., & Titman, S. (1993). Returns to buying winners and selling losers: Implications for stock market efficiency. *Journal of Finance*, 48(1), 65-91.
Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. *Econometrica*, 47(2), 263-291.
Kaufman, P. J. (1995). *Smarter Trading: Improving Performance in Changing Markets*. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Korajczyk, R. A., & Sadka, R. (2004). Are momentum profits robust to trading costs? *Journal of Finance*, 59(3), 1039-1082.
Leland, H. E. (1980). Who should buy portfolio insurance? *Journal of Finance*, 35(2), 581-594.
Lo, A. W., Mamaysky, H., & Wang, J. (2000). Foundations of technical analysis: Computational algorithms, statistical inference, and empirical implementation. *Journal of Finance*, 55(4), 1705-1765.
Markowitz, H. (1952). Portfolio selection. *Journal of Finance*, 7(1), 77-91.
Murphy, J. J. (1999). *Technical Analysis of the Financial Markets: A Comprehensive Guide to Trading Methods and Applications*. New York: New York Institute of Finance.
Prechter, R. R., & Frost, A. J. (1978). *Elliott Wave Principle: Key to Market Behavior*. Gainesville, GA: New Classics Library.
Pring, M. J. (2002). *Technical Analysis Explained: The Successful Investor's Guide to Spotting Investment Trends and Turning Points*. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Roncalli, T. (2013). *Introduction to Risk Parity and Budgeting*. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Shefrin, H., & Statman, M. (1985). The disposition to sell winners too early and ride losers too long: Theory and evidence. *Journal of Finance*, 40(3), 777-790.
Taleb, N. N. (2007). *The Black Swan: The Impact of the Highly Improbable*. New York: Random House.
Taylor, M. P., & Allen, H. (1992). The use of technical analysis in the foreign exchange market. *Journal of International Money and Finance*, 11(3), 304-314.
Treadway, A. B. (1969). On rational entrepreneurial behavior and the demand for investment. *Review of Economic Studies*, 36(2), 227-239.
Wilder, J. W. (1978). *New Concepts in Technical Trading Systems*. Greensboro, NC: Trend Research.
ML: Lorentzian Classification Premium█ OVERVIEW
Lorentzian Classification Premium represents the culmination of two years of collaborative development with over 1,000 beta testers from the TradingView community. Building upon the foundation of the open-source version, this premium edition introduces powerful enhancements that transform how machine-learning classification can be applied to market analysis.
The premium version maintains the core Lorentzian distance-based classification algorithm while expanding its capabilities through triple the feature dimensionality (up to 15 features), sophisticated mean-reversion detection, first-pullback identification, and a comprehensive signal taxonomy that goes far beyond simple buy/sell signals. Whether you're building automated trading systems, conducting deep market research, or integrating proprietary indicators into ML workflows, this tool provides the advanced edge needed for professional-grade analysis.
█ BACKGROUND
Lorentzian Classification analyzes market structures, especially those exhibiting non-linear distortions under stress, by employing advanced distance metrics like the Lorentzian metric, prominent in fields such as relativity theory. Where traditional indicators assume flat space, we embrace the curve. The heart of this approach is the Lorentzian distance metric—a sophisticated mathematical tool. This framework adeptly navigates the complex curves and distortions of market space, aiming to provide insights that traditional analysis might miss, especially during moments of extreme volatility. It analyzes historical data from a multi-dimensional feature space consisting of various technical indicators of your choosing. Where traditional approaches fail, Lorentzian space reveals the true geometry of market dynamics.
Neighborhoods in Different Geometries: In the above figure, the Lorentzian metric creates distinctive cross-patterns aligned with feature axes (RSI, CCI, ADX), capturing both local similarity and dimensional extremes. This unique geometry allows the algorithm to recognize similar market conditions that Euclidean spheres and Manhattan diamonds would miss entirely. In LC Premium, users can have up to 15 features -- you are not limited to 3-dimensions.
Among the thousands of distance metrics discovered by mathematicians, each perceives data through its own geometric lens. The Lorentzian metric stands apart with its unique ability to capture market behavior during volatile events.
█ COMMUNITY-DRIVEN EVOLUTION
It has been profoundly humbling over the past 2 years to witness this indicator's evolution through the collaborative efforts of our incredible community. This journey has been shaped by thousands of user suggestions and validated through real-world application.
A particularly amazing milestone was the development of a complete community-driven Python port, which meticulously matched even the most minute PineScript quirks. Building on this solid foundation, a new command-line interface (CLI) has opened up exciting possibilities for chart-specific parameter optimization:
Early insights from parameter optimization research: Through grid-search testing across thousands of parameter combinations, the analysis identifies which parameters have the biggest effects on performance and maps regions of stability across different market regimes. This reveals that optimal neighbor counts vary significantly based on market conditions—opening up incredible potential for timeframe-specific optimization.
This is just one of the insights gleaned so far from this ongoing investigation. The potential for chart-specific optimization for any given timeframe could transform how traders approach parameter selection.
Demand from power users for extra capabilities—while keeping the open-source version simple—sparked this Premium release. The open-source branch remains maintained, but the premium tier adds unique features for those who need an analytical edge and to leverage their own custom indicators as feature series for the algorithm.
█ KEY PREMIUM FEATURES
📈 First Pullback Detection System
Automatically identifies high-probability trend-continuation entries after initial momentum moves.
Detects when price retraces to optimal entry zones following breakouts or trend initiations.
Green/red triangle signals often fire before main classification arrows.
Dedicated alerts for both bullish and bearish pullback opportunities.
Based on veryfid's extensive research into pullback mechanics and market structure.
🔄 Dynamic Kernel Regression Envelope
Powerful, zero-setup confluence layer that immediately communicates trend shifts.
Dual-kernel system creates a visual envelope between trend estimates.
Color gradient dynamically represents prediction strength and market conviction.
Crossovers provide additional confirmation without cluttering your chart.
Professional visualization that rivals institutional-grade analysis tools.
✨ Massively Expanded Dimensionality: 10 Custom Sources, 5 Built-In Sources
Transform the indicator from 5 built-in standard to 15 total total features—triple the analytical power.
Integrate ANY TradingView indicator as a machine learning feature.
Built-in normalization ensures all indicators contribute equally regardless of scale.
Create theme-based systems: pure volume analysis, multi-timeframe momentum, or hybrid approaches.
📊 Tiered Mean Reversion Signals with Scalping Alerts
Regular (🔄) and Strong (⬇️/⬆️) mean reversion signals based on statistical extremes.
Opportunities often arise before candle close—perfect for scalping entries.
Visual markers appear at high-probability reversal zones.
Four specialized alert types: upward/downward for both regular and strong reversals.
Pre-optimized probability thresholds, no fine-tuning required.
📅 Daily Kernel Trend Filter
Instantly cleans up noisy intraday charts by aligning with higher timeframe trends.
Swing traders report immediate signal quality improvement.
Automatically deactivates on daily+ timeframes (intelligent context awareness).
Reduces counter-trend signals by up to 60% on lower timeframes.
Simple toggle—no complex multi-timeframe setup required.
📋 Professional Backtesting Stream (-6 to +6)
Multiple distinct signal types (including pullbacks, mean reversions, and kernel deviations) vs. basic binary (buy/sell) output for nuanced analysis.
Enables detailed walk-forward analysis and ML model training.
Compatible with external backtesting frameworks via numeric stream.
Rare precision for TradingView indicators—usually only found in institutional tools.
Perfect for quants building sophisticated strategy layers.
⚡ Performance Optimizations
Faster distance calculations through algorithmic improvements.
Reduced indicator load time (measured via Pine Profiler).
Handles 15 active features without timeouts—critical for multi-chart setups.
Optimized for live auto-trading bots requiring minimal latency.
🎨 Full Visual Customization & Accessibility
Complete color control for all visual elements.
Colorblind-safe default palette with customization options.
Dark mode optimization for extended trading sessions.
Professional appearance matching your trading workspace.
Accessibility features meeting modern UI standards.
🛠️ Advanced Training Modes
Downsampling mode for training on diverse market conditions; Down-sampling and remote-fractals for exotic pattern discovery.
Remote fractals option extends analysis to deep historical patterns.
Reset factor control for fine-tuning neighbor diversity; Reset-factor tuning to control neighbor diversity.
Appeals to systematic traders exploring exotic data approaches.
Prevents temporal clustering bias in model training.
█ HOW TO USE
Understanding the Approach (Core Concept):
Lorentzian Classification uses a k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) algorithm. It searches for historical price action "neighborhoods" similar to the current market state. Instead of a simple straight-line (Euclidean) distance, it primarily uses a Lorentzian distance metric, which can account for market "warping" or distortions often seen during high volatility or significant events. Each historical neighbor "votes" on what happened next in its context, and these votes aggregate into a classification score for the current bar.
Interpreting Bar Scores & Signals (Interpreting the Chart):
Bar Prediction Values: Numbers over each candle (e.g., ranging from -8 to +8 if Neighbors Count is 8) represent the aggregated vote from the nearest neighbors. Strong positive scores (e.g., +7, +8) indicate a strong bullish consensus among historical analogs. Strong negative scores (e.g., -7, -8) indicate a strong bearish consensus. Scores near zero suggest neutrality or conflicting signals from neighbors. The intensity of bar colors (if Use Confidence Gradient is on) often reflects these scores.
Main Arrows (Main Buy/Sell Labels): Large ▲/▼ labels are the primary entry signals generated when the overall classification (after filters) is bullish or bearish.
Pullback Triangles: Small green/red ▲/▼ identify potential trend continuation entries. These signals often appear after an initial price move and a subsequent minor retracement, suggesting the trend might resume. This is based on recognizing patterns where a brief counter-movement is followed by a continued advance in the initial trend direction.
Mean-Reversion Symbols: 🔄 (Regular Reversion) appears when price has crossed the average band of the Dynamic Kernel Regression Envelope. ⬇️/⬆️ (Strong Reversion) means price has crossed the far band of the envelope, indicating a more extreme deviation and potentially a stronger reversion opportunity.
Custom Mean Reversion Deviation Markers (Deviation Dots): If Enable Custom Mean Reversion Alerts is on, these dots appear when price deviates from the main kernel regression line by a user-defined ATR multiple, signaling a custom-defined reversion opportunity.
Kernel Regression Lines & Envelope: The Main Kernel Estimate (thicker line) is an adaptive moving average that smooths price and helps identify trend direction. Its color indicates the current trend bias. The Envelope (outer bands and a midline) creates a channel around price, and its interaction with price generates mean reversion signals.
Key Input Groups & Their Purpose:
🔧 GENERAL SETTINGS:
Reduce Price-Time Warping : Toggles the distance metric. When enabled, it reduces the characteristic "warping" effect of the default Lorentzian metric, making the distance calculation more Euclidean in nature. This may be suited for periods exhibiting less pronounced price-time distortions.
Source : Price data for calculations (default: close ).
Neighbors Count : The 'k' in k-NN – number of historical analogs considered.
Max Bars Back : How far back the indicator looks for historical patterns.
Show Exits / Use Dynamic Exits : Controls visibility and logic for exit signals.
Include Full History (Use Remote Fractals) : Allows model to pick "exotic" fractals from deep chart history.
Use Downsampling / Reset Factor : Advanced training parameters affecting neighbor selection.
Show Trade Stats / Use Worst Case Estimates : Displays a real-time performance table (for calibration only).
🎛️ DEFINE CUSTOM SOURCES (OPTIONAL):
Integrate up to 10 external data series (e.g., from other indicators) as features. Each can be optionally normalized. Load the external indicator on your chart first for it to appear in the dropdown.
🧠 FEATURE ENGINEERING:
Configure up to 15 features for the k-NN algorithm. Select type (RSI, WT, CCI, ADX, Custom Sources), parameters, and enable/disable. Start simple (3-5 features) and add complexity gradually. Normalize features with vastly different scales.
🖥️ DISPLAY SETTINGS:
Controls visibility of chart elements: bar colors, prediction values/labels, envelope, etc.
Align Signal with Current Bar : If true, pullback signals appear on the current bar (calculated on closed data). If false (default), they appear on the next bar.
Use ATR Offset : Positions bar prediction values using ATR for visibility.
🧮 FILTERS SETTINGS:
Refine raw classification signals: Volatility, Regime, ADX, EMA/SMA, and Daily Kernel filters.
🌀 KERNEL SETTINGS (Main Kernel):
Adjust parameters for the primary Nadaraya-Watson Kernel Regression line. Lookback Window , Relative Weighting , Regression Level , Lag control sensitivity and smoothness.
✉️ ENVELOPE SETTINGS (for Mean Reversion):
Configure the dynamic Kernel Regression Envelope. ATR Length , Near/Far ATR Factor define band width.
🎨 COLOR SETTINGS (Colors):
Customize colors for all visual elements; override every palette element.
General Approach to Using the Indicator (Suggested Workflow):
Load defaults and observe behavior: Familiarize yourself with the indicator's behavior.
Feature Engineering: Experiment with features, considering momentum, trend, and volatility. Add/replace features gradually.
Apply Filters: Refine signals according to your trading style.
Contextualize: Use kernels and envelope to understand broader trend and potential overbought/oversold areas.
Observe Signals: Pay attention to the interplay of main signals, pullbacks, and mean reversions. Watch interplay of main, pullback & mean-reversion signals.
Calibrate (Not Backtest): Use the "Trade Stats" table for real-time feedback on current settings. This is for calibration, *not a substitute for rigorous backtesting.*
Iterate & refine: Adjust settings, observe outcomes, and refine your approach.
█ ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This premium version wouldn't exist without the invaluable contributions of:
veryfid for his groundbreaking ideas on unifying pullback detection with Lorentzian Classification, but most of all for always believing in and encouraging me and so many others. For being a mentor and, most importantly, a friend. We all miss you.
RikkiTavi for his help in creating the settings optimization framework and for other invaluable theoretical discussions.
The 1,000+ beta testers worldwide who provided continuous feedback over two years.
The Python porting team who created the foundation for advanced optimization; for the cross-language clone.
The broader TradingView community for making this one of the platform's most popular indicators.
█ FUTURE DEVELOPMENT
The Premium version will continue to evolve based on community feedback. Planned enhancements include:
Specialized exit model trained independently from entry signals (ML-based exit model).
Feature hub with pre-normalized, commonly requested indicators (Pre-normalized feature hub).
Better risk-management options (Enhanced risk-management options).
Fully automated settings optimization (Auto-settings optimization tool).
TAPDA Hourly Open Lines (Candle Body Box)-What is TAPDA?
TAPDA (Time and Price Displacement Analysis) is based on the belief that markets are driven by algorithms that respond to key time-based price levels, such as session opens. Traders who follow TAPDA track these levels to anticipate price movements, reversals, and breakouts, aligning their strategies with the patterns left by these underlying algorithms. By plotting lines at specific hourly opens, the indicator allows traders to visualize where the market may react, providing a structured way to trade alongside the algorithmic flow.
***************
**Sauce Alert** "TAPDA levels essentially act like algorithmic support and resistance" By plotting these hourly opens, the TAPDA Hourly Open Lines indicator helps traders track where algorithms might engage with the market.
***************
-How It Works:
The indicator draws a "candle body box" at selected hours, marking the open and close prices to highlight price ranges at significant times. This creates dynamic zones that reflect market sentiment and structure throughout the day. TAPDA levels are commonly respected by price, making them useful for identifying potential entry points, stop placements, and trend reversals.
-Key Features:
Customizable Hour Levels – Enable or disable specific times to fit your trading approach.
Color & Label Control – Assign unique colors and labels to each hour for better visualization.
Line Extension – Project lines for up to 24 hours into the future to track key levels.
Dynamic Cleanup – Old lines automatically delete to maintain chart clarity.
Manual Time Offset – Adjust for broker or server time zone differences.
-Current Development:
This indicator is still in development, with further updates planned to enhance functionality and customization. If you find this script helpful, feel free to copy the code and stay tuned for new features and improvements!
Machine Learning & Optimization Moving Average (Expo)█ An indicator that finds the best moving average
We all know that the market change in characteristics over time, volatility, volume, momentum, etc., keep changing. Therefore, traders fine-tune their indicators and strategies to fit the constantly changing market. Unfortunately, that means there is no "best" MA period that suits all these conditions. That is why we have developed this algorithm that self-adapts and finds the best MA period based on Machine Learning and Optimization calculations.
This indicator help traders and investors to use the best possible moving average period on the selected timeframe and asset and ensures that the period is updated even though the market characteristics change over time.
█ Self-optimizing moving average
There is no doubt that different markets and timeframes need different MA periods. Therefore, our algorithm optimizes the moving average period within the given parameter range and optimizes its value based on either performance, win rate, or the combined results. The moving average period updates automatically on the chart for you.
Traders can choose to use our Machine Learning Algorithm to optimize the MA values or can optimize only using the optimization algorithm.
Performance
If you select to optimize based on performance, the calculation returns the period with the highest gains.
Winrate
If you select to optimize based on win rate, the calculation returns the period that gives the best win rate.
Combined
If you select to optimize based on combined results, the calculations score the performance and win rate separately and choose the best period with the highest ranking in both aspects.
█ Finding the best moving average for any asset and timeframe
Traders can choose to find the best moving average based on price crossings.
█ Finding the best combination of moving averages for any asset and timeframe
Traders can choose to find the best crossing strategy, where the algorithm compares the 2 averages and returns the best fast and slow period.
█ Alerts
Traders can choose to be alerted when a new best moving average is found or when a moving average cross occurs.
-----------------
Disclaimer
The information contained in my Scripts/Indicators/Ideas/Algos/Systems does not constitute financial advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any securities of any type. I will not accept liability for any loss or damage, including without limitation any loss of profit, which may arise directly or indirectly from the use of or reliance on such information.
All investments involve risk, and the past performance of a security, industry, sector, market, financial product, trading strategy, backtest, or individual's trading does not guarantee future results or returns. Investors are fully responsible for any investment decisions they make. Such decisions should be based solely on an evaluation of their financial circumstances, investment objectives, risk tolerance, and liquidity needs.
My Scripts/Indicators/Ideas/Algos/Systems are only for educational purposes!
Adaptive Average Vortex Index [lastguru]As a longtime fan of ADX, looking at Vortex Indicator I often wondered, where is the third line. I have rarely seen that anybody is calculating it. So, here it is: Average Vortex Index - an ADX calculated from Vortex Indicator. I interpret it similarly to the ADX indicator: higher values show stronger trend. If you discover other interpretation or have suggestions, comments are welcome.
Both VI+ and VI- lines are also drawn. As I use adaptive length calculation in my other scripts (based on the libraries I've developed and published), I have also included the possibility to have an adaptive length here, so if you hate the idea of calculating ADX from VI, you can disable that line and just look at the adaptive Vortex Indicator.
Note that as with all my oscillators, all the lines here are renormalized to -1..1 range unlike the original Vortex Indicator computation. To do that for VI+ and VI- lines, I subtract 1 from their values. It does not change the shape or the amplitude of the lines.
Adaptation algorithms are roughly subdivided in two categories: classic Length Adaptations and Cycle Estimators (they are also implemented in separate libraries), all are selected in Adaptation dropdown. Length Adaptation used in the Adaptive Moving Averages and the Adaptive Oscillators try to follow price movements and accelerate/decelerate accordingly (usually quite rapidly with a huge range). Cycle Estimators, on the other hand, try to measure the cycle period of the current market, which does not reflect price movement or the rate of change (the rate of change may also differ depending on the cycle phase, but the cycle period itself usually changes slowly).
VIDYA - based on VIDYA algorithm. The period oscillates from the Lower Bound up (slow)
VIDYA-RS - based on Vitali Apirine's modification of VIDYA algorithm (he calls it Relative Strength Moving Average). The period oscillates from the Upper Bound down (fast)
Kaufman Efficiency Scaling - based on Efficiency Ratio calculation originally used in KAMA
Fractal Adaptation - based on FRAMA by John F. Ehlers
MESA MAMA Cycle - based on MESA Adaptive Moving Average by John F. Ehlers
Pearson Autocorrelation* - based on Pearson Autocorrelation Periodogram by John F. Ehlers
DFT Cycle* - based on Discrete Fourier Transform Spectrum estimator by John F. Ehlers
Phase Accumulation* - based on Dominant Cycle from Phase Accumulation by John F. Ehlers
Length Adaptation usually take two parameters: Bound From (lower bound) and To (upper bound). These are the limits for Adaptation values. Note that the Cycle Estimators marked with asterisks(*) are very computationally intensive, so the bounds should not be set much higher than 50, otherwise you may receive a timeout error (also, it does not seem to be a useful thing to do, but you may correct me if I'm wrong).
The Cycle Estimators marked with asterisks(*) also have 3 checkboxes: HP (Highpass Filter), SS (Super Smoother) and HW (Hann Window). These enable or disable their internal prefilters, which are recommended by their author - John F. Ehlers . I do not know, which combination works best, so you can experiment.
If no Adaptation is selected ( None option), you can set Length directly. If an Adaptation is selected, then Cycle multiplier can be set.
The oscillator also has the option to configure the internal smoothing function with Window setting. By default, RMA is used (like in ADX calculation). Fast Default option is using half the length for smoothing. Triangle , Hamming and Hann Window algorithms are some better smoothers suggested by John F. Ehlers.
After the oscillator a Moving Average can be applied. The following Moving Averages are included: SMA , RMA, EMA , HMA , VWMA , 2-pole Super Smoother, 3-pole Super Smoother, Filt11, Triangle Window, Hamming Window, Hann Window, Lowpass, DSSS.
Postfilter options are applied last:
Stochastic - Stochastic
Super Smooth Stochastic - Super Smooth Stochastic (part of MESA Stochastic ) by John F. Ehlers
Inverse Fisher Transform - Inverse Fisher Transform
Noise Elimination Technology - a simplified Kendall correlation algorithm "Noise Elimination Technology" by John F. Ehlers
Momentum - momentum (derivative)
Except for Inverse Fisher Transform , all Postfilter algorithms can have Length parameter. If it is not specified (set to 0), then the calculated Slow MA Length is used. If Filter/MA Length is less than 2 or Postfilter Length is less than 1, they are calculated as a multiplier of the calculated oscillator length.
More information on the algorithms is given in the code for the libraries used. I am also very grateful to other TradingView community members (they are also mentioned in the library code) without whom this script would not have been possible.
MTF Accumulation/Distribution RasterChart (Spectrogram/HeatMap)As my first published indicator for year 2020, I present my revolutionary "MTF Accumulation/Distribution RasterChart" employing PSv4.0. This is probably a world's first all-in-one multi-timeframe, multi-algorithm heatmap indicator with multiple color schemes. I decided to release this multicator now, because it has been a year long journey for me to develop spectrogram technology with abilities John Ehlers didn't include with his original heatmaps. I would like to personally thank Dr. John Ehlers for inspiring me to ponder into the realm of heatmap technology and all it has to offer. Thank you! You're a divine inspiration to the algorithmic trading community and forever shall be.
Each of the algorithms use "volume" and "price" data in their calculations to provide a unique spectrogram for either algorithm chosen, hence the accumulation/distribution attributed to the title of this indicator. The MTF capabilities include seconds, minutes, and days. If the time frame settings are shorter in time than the current sampling interval, a warning will be appropriately displayed. Also, when volume data is not applicable to an asset, the indicator will become completely red. I included so many color scheming techniques I couldn't demonstrate all of them above. This indicator has what I would term as "predator" vision. For those of you who have seen these movies, you will understand what I have built.
The use of this indicator is just like any of my other RasterCharts or heatmap indicators found on the internet, except it has much more versatility. This indicator has so many uses, I really haven't discovered all of it's characteristics yet. Anyhow, this is one of my most beautiful indicators I have created so far, but I feel there is still more room for enhancements with a possibility of more sibling algorithms to incorporate later. Lastly, I couldn't have done this without the computing power/wizardry provided by ALL Tradingview staff. They deserve a HUGE and proper, THANK YOU!!! Happy New Year 2020 everyone...
Features List Includes:
MTF controls for seconds, minutes, and days
Multiple volume weighted algorithms to choose from
Gain control for algorithm #1
Adjustable horizontal rule to differentiate between more reactive aspects of turning point fluctuations in the lower portion of the chart (visible above)
Adjustable heatmap brightness control
Visual color scheme techniques (a few of many are displayed above)
Color inversion control
"NO VOLUME" detection (indicator becomes red)
This is not a freely available indicator, FYI. To witness my Pine poetry in action, properly negotiated requests for unlimited access, per indicator, may ONLY be obtained by direct contact with me using TV's "Private Chats" or by "Message" hidden in my member name above. The comments section below is solely just for commenting and other remarks, ideas, compliments, etc... regarding only this indicator, not others. When available time provides itself, I will consider your inquiries, thoughts, and concepts presented below in the comments section, should you have any questions or comments regarding this indicator. When my indicators achieve more prevalent use by TV members, I may implement more ideas when they present themselves as worthy additions. As always, "Like" it if you simply just like it with a proper thumbs up, and also return to my scripts list occasionally for additional postings. Have a profitable future everyone!
Forex Pips Tracker PinescriptlabsThis algorithm is exclusively designed for the Forex market 🌐 and serves as a tool to measure volatility, helping to determine on average how many pips positions move per hour. With this information, a trader can place take profit and stop loss orders with greater certainty, since they know the average pip movement range during each hour of the day.
What does it do and how does it work?
• Volatility measurement in pips 📊:
The algorithm calculates the size of the movement (or range) of each candle expressed in pips. To do this, it takes the difference between the highest and lowest price of each candle and converts it into pips.
👉
• Time zone adjustment ⏰:
It allows you to configure the time zone so that the data aligns with your desired schedule. This is especially useful for comparing movements at different times based on the trader's location.
• Analysis by time intervals 🕒:
The algorithm’s logic organizes the information for each hour of the day. It stores data for the current day, the previous day, weekly, and historically (200 candles). This allows you to see how volatility varies across different periods, providing a dynamic view of market behavior.
👉
• Directionality of movement 🔄:
In addition to averaging the pip range, the algorithm determines the predominant direction of each candle (bullish or bearish). This translates into visual indicators (like arrows) that help identify whether, on average, the movement during that hour tends to go up or down.
• Table visualization 📈:
Finally, the information is presented in an integrated table on the chart. Each row corresponds to an hour of the day and shows the average number of pips and the direction (bullish, bearish, or neutral) for each analyzed period. This table makes it easy to quickly and practically interpret the volatility data.
By combining these features, the algorithm becomes an essential tool for traders looking to better understand market dynamics and optimize their trading strategies! 💼✨
Español:
Este algoritmo está diseñado exclusivamente para el mercado Forex 🌐 y sirve como una herramienta para medir la volatilidad, ayudando a determinar en promedio cuántos pips se mueven las posiciones por hora. Con esta información, un trader puede colocar el take profit y el stop loss con mayor certeza, ya que conoce el rango promedio de movimiento en pips durante cada hora del día.
¿Qué hace y cómo funciona?
• Medición de volatilidad en pips 📊:
El algoritmo calcula el tamaño del movimiento (o rango) de cada vela expresado en pips. Para ello, toma la diferencia entre el precio máximo y el mínimo de cada vela y la convierte a pips.
👉
• Ajuste de zona horaria ⏰:
Permite configurar la zona horaria para que los datos se ajusten al horario deseado. Esto es especialmente útil para comparar movimientos durante distintas horas en función de la localización del trader.
• Análisis por intervalos de tiempo 🕒:
La lógica del algoritmo organiza la información por cada hora del día. Guarda datos para el día actual, el día anterior, a nivel semanal e histórico (200 velas). Esto permite ver cómo varía la volatilidad en diferentes periodos, proporcionando una visión dinámica del comportamiento del mercado.
👉
• Direccionalidad del movimiento 🔄:
Además de promediar el rango en pips, el algoritmo determina la dirección predominante de cada vela (alcista o bajista). Esto se traduce en indicadores visuales (como flechas) que permiten identificar si, en promedio, el movimiento en esa hora tiende a subir o bajar.
• Visualización en tabla 📈:
Finalmente, la información se presenta en una tabla integrada en el gráfico. Cada fila corresponde a una hora del día y muestra el promedio de pips y la dirección (alcista, bajista o neutral) para cada uno de los periodos analizados. Esta tabla facilita la interpretación rápida y práctica de los datos de volatilidad.
Al combinar estas funciones, el algoritmo se convierte en una herramienta esencial para traders que buscan entender mejor la dinámica del mercado y optimizar sus estrategias de trading! 💼✨
ZenAlgo - Advanced Open InterestZenAlgo - Advanced Open Interest combines open interest, price changes, and volume dynamics into a single, powerful TradingView indicator. By integrating these key market metrics and enhancing them with proprietary algorithms, it provides traders with actionable insights that streamline decision-making and enhance market analysis.
Features
Open Interest Change (%): Tracks changes in open interest, a key indicator of market participation and sentiment.
Price Change (%): Monitors price momentum, providing clarity on trend directions.
Volume Analysis: Aggregates upward and downward volume for detailed sentiment analysis.
Delta Calculation: Highlights the net difference between upward and downward volume, offering instant insights into buying or selling dominance.
Proprietary Trend Detection: Suggests "Long Enter," "Short Enter," "Long Close," or "Short Close" signals based on a synergy of open interest, price, and volume.
Market Sentiment Insights: Indicates whether new long or short positions dominate.
Customizable Display: Features themes, sizes, and positions for a tailored interface.
Added Value: Why Is This Indicator Original/Why Shall You Pay for This Indicator?
Integrated Synergy: Combining open interest, price, and volume into a single indicator reduces complexity and offers enhanced clarity. Instead of toggling between multiple charts, users receive actionable insights from a unified view.
Proprietary Rules-Based Algorithm: The algorithm synthesizes data from sub-indicators, creating trends and signals not available in free tools. For instance, the "Long Enter" or "Short Close" signals are generated by evaluating relationships between metrics, offering a predictive edge.
Enhanced Trend Confirmation: By correlating open interest changes with price movements and volume imbalances, the indicator provides a more robust confirmation of market trends compared to individual metrics.
Time-Saving and Simplicity: Freely available sub-indicators require manual setup, interpretation, and customization. ZenAlgo - Advanced Open Interest offers pre-configured analysis, reducing the learning curve and decision time.
Unique Customization: With themes, positions, and table sizes, users can adapt the interface to their preferences, enhancing usability.
How It Works
1. Open Interest and Price Change
Retrieves historical open interest and price data for the selected timeframe.
Calculates percentage changes between bars to indicate market participation (open interest) and directional momentum (price).
Combines these metrics to assess whether price movements are supported by increasing or decreasing participation.
2. Volume Aggregation
Splits the selected timeframe into smaller sub-timeframes to analyze granular volume data.
Aggregates upward (price closes above open) and downward (price closes below open) volumes, calculating their totals and percentage contributions to overall volume.
3. Delta Calculation
Computes Delta as the difference between upward and downward volume.
Highlights buyer or seller dominance using color-coded visuals for quick interpretation.
4. Trend Analysis
Uses a proprietary algorithm to classify market states:
"Long Enter": Rising price, increasing open interest, and dominant upward volume.
"Short Enter": Falling price, increasing open interest, and dominant downward volume.
Neutral States: Generated when no strong alignment is found among metrics.
5. Market Sentiment
Correlates open interest and price to indicate if new long or short positions dominate.
Outputs simplified insights like "More longs opened" or "Shorts closing."
6. Customizable Table
Displays real-time updates with user-controlled themes, sizes, and positions for a tailored experience.
Usage Examples
Detecting Bullish Trends: Identify "Long Enter" signals when open interest and price rise, supported by strong upward volume.
Spotting Bearish Reversals: Use "Short Enter" signals when price declines, open interest rises, and downward volume dominates.
Analyzing Volume Shifts: Leverage Delta to uncover significant shifts in buying or selling pressure.
Validating Trends: Use the combination of open interest and volume trends to confirm price movements.
Exiting Profitable Trades: Look for "Long Close" or "Short Close" signals to time exits during profit-taking phases.
Avoiding Choppy Markets: Use "Neutral" signals to stay out of indecisive markets and avoid unnecessary risks.
Identifying Sentiment Swings: Follow "Positions" insights to detect a transition in market dominance from longs to shorts or vice versa.
High-Volume Trend Confirmation: Confirm strong trends during high trading volumes.
Short-Term Scalping: Use sub-timeframes to spot rapid entry and exit points.
Event-Based Trading: Correlate indicator signals with major market events for timely trades.
Settings
ZenAlgo Theme: Toggle a branded theme for better visual integration.
Table Size: Adjust display size (Tiny, Small, Normal, Large) based on preference.
Table Position: Choose between four positions (e.g., Bottom Right, Top Left).
Table Mode: Switch between Dark and Light themes for optimal readability.
Important Notes
This indicator is a technical analysis tool and does not guarantee trading success. Use it with other indicators and fundamental analysis for a comprehensive strategy.
Always validate signals in conjunction with other market factors to ensure informed trading decisions.
Scenarios of Potential Underperformance:
Low-Volume Markets: Signals may lack reliability due to insufficient data granularity.
Extreme Volatility: Rapid price movements can distort short-term insights.
Exchange Variations: Data discrepancies between exchanges may affect calculations.
Choppy Markets: During indecisive phases, the indicator may generate more neutral signals.
Dual Zigzag [Trendoscope®]🎲 Dual Zigzag indicator is built on recursive zigzag algorithm. It is very similar to other zigzag indicators published by us and other authors. However, the key point here is, the indicator draws zigzag on both price and any other plot based indicator on separate layouts.
Before we get into the indicator, here are some brief descriptions of the underlying concepts and key terminologies
🎯 Zigzag
Zigzag indicator breaks down price or any input series into a series of Pivot Highs and Pivot Lows alternating between each other. Zigzags though shows pivot high and lows, should not be used for buying at low and selling at high. The main application of zigzag indicator is for the visualisation of market structure and this can be used as basic building block for any pattern recognition algorithms.
🎯 Recursive Zigzag Algorithm
Recursive zigzag algorithm builds zigzag on multiple levels and each level of zigzag is based on the previous level pivots. The level zero zigzag is built on price. However, for level 1, instead of price level 0 zigzag pivots are used. Similarly for level 2, level 1 zigzag pivots are used as base.
🎲 Components Dual Zigzag Indicator
Here are the components of Dual zigzag indicator
Built in Oscillator - Indicator has built in oscillator options for plotting RSI (Relative Strength Index), MFI (Money Flow Index), cci (Commodity Channel Index) , CMO (Chande Momentum Oscillator), COG (Center of Gravity), and ROC (Rate of Change). Apart from the given built in oscillators, users can also use a custom external output as base. The oscillators are not printed on the price pane. But, printed on a separate indicator overlay.
Zigzag On Oscillator - Recursive zigzag is calculated and printed on the oscillator series. Each pivot high and pivot low also prints a label having the retracement ratios, and price levels at those points. Zigzag on the oscillator is also printed on the indicator overlay pane.
Zigzag on Price - Recursive zigzag calculated based on price and printed on the price pane. This is made possible by using force_overlay option present in the drawing objects. At each zigzag pivot levels, the label having price retracement ratios, and oscillator values are printed.
It is called dual zigzag because, the indicator calculates the zigzag on both price and oscillator series of values and prints them separately on different panes on the chart.
🎲 Indicator Settings
Settings include
Theme display settings to get the right colour combination to match the background.
Zigzag settings to be used for zigzag calculation and display
Oscillator settings to chose the oscillator to be used as base for 2nd zigzag
🎲 Applications
Useful in spotting divergences with both indicator and price having their own zigzag to highlight pivots
Spotting patterns in indicators/oscillators and correlate them with the patterns on price
🎲 Using External Input
If users want to use an external indicator such as OBV instead of the built in oscillators, then can do so by using the custom option.
Here is how this can be done.
Step1. Add both Dual Zigzag and the intended indicator (in this case OBV) on the chart. Notice that both OBV and Dual zigzag appear on different panes.
Step2. Edit the indicator settings of Dual zigzag and set custom indicator by selecting "custom" as oscillator name and then by setting the custom external indicator name and input.
Step 3. You would notice that the zigzag in Dual Zigzag indictor pane is already showing the zigzag pivots based on the OBV indicator and the price pivots display obv values at the pivot points. We can leave this as is.
Step 4. As an additional step, you can also merge the OBV pane and the Dual zigzag indicator pane into one by going into OBV settings and moving the indicator to above pane. Merge the scales so that there is no two scales on the same pane and the entire scale appear on the right.
At the end, you should see two panes - one with price and other with OBV and both having their zigzag plotted.
TradingIQ - Reversal IQIntroducing "Reversal IQ" by TradingIQ
Reversal IQ is an exclusive trading algorithm developed by TradingIQ, designed to trade trend reversals in the market. By integrating artificial intelligence and IQ Technology, Reversal IQ analyzes historical and real-time price data to construct a dynamic trading system adaptable to various asset and timeframe combinations.
Philosophy of Reversal IQ
Reversal IQ integrates IQ Technology (AI) with the timeless concept of reversal trading. Markets follow trends that inevitably reverse at some point. Rather than relying on rigid settings or manual judgment to capture these reversals, Reversal IQ dynamically designs, creates, and executes reversal-based trading strategies.
Reversal IQ is designed to work straight out of the box. In fact, its simplicity requires just one user setting, making it incredibly straightforward to manage.
AI Aggressiveness is the only setting that controls how Reversal IQ works.
Traders don’t have to spend hours adjusting settings and trying to find what works best - Reversal IQ handles this on its own.
Key Features of Reversal IQ
Self-Learning Reversal Detection
Employs AI and IQ Technology to identify trend reversals in real-time.
AI-Generated Trading Signals
Provides reversal trading signals derived from self-learning algorithms.
Comprehensive Trading System
Offers clear entry and exit labels.
AI-Determined Profit Target and Stop Loss
Position exit levels are clearly defined and calculated by the AI once the trade is entered.
Performance Tracking
Records and presents trading performance data, easily accessible for user analysis.
Configurable AI Aggressiveness
Allows users to adjust the AI's aggressiveness to match their trading style and risk tolerance.
Long and Short Trading Capabilities
Supports both long and short positions to trade various market conditions.
IQ Channel
The IQ Channel represents what Reversal IQ considers a tradable long opportunity or a tradable short opportunity. The channel is dynamic and adjusts from chart to chart.
IQMA – Proprietary Moving Average
Introduces the IQ Moving Average (IQMA), designed to classify overarching market trends.
IQCandles – Trend Classification Tool
Complements IQMA with candlestick colors designed for trend identification and analysis.
How It Works
Reversal IQ operates on a straightforward heuristic: go long during an extended downside move and go short during an extended upside move.
What defines an "extended move" is determined by IQ Technology, TradingIQ's exclusive AI algorithm. For Reversal IQ, the algorithm assesses the extent to which historical high and low prices are breached. By learning from these price level violations, Reversal IQ adapts to trade future, similar violations in a recurring manner. It calculates a price area, distant from the current price, where a reversal is anticipated.
In simple terms, price peaks (tops) and troughs (bottoms) are stored for Reversal IQ to learn from. The degree to which these levels are violated by subsequent price movements is also recorded. Reversal IQ continuously evaluates this stored data, adapting to market volatility and raw price fluctuations to better capture price reversals.
What classifies as a price top or price bottom?
For Reversal IQ, price tops are considered the highest price attained before a significant downside reversal. Price bottoms are considered the lowest price attained before a significant upside reversal. The highest price achieved is continuously calculated before a significant counter trend price move renders the high price as a swing high. The lowest price achieved is continuously calculated before a significant counter trend price move renders the low price as a swing low.
The image above illustrates the IQ channel and explains the corresponding prices and levels
The blue lower line represents the Long Reversal Level, with the price highlighted in blue showing the Long Reversal Price.
The red upper line represents the Short Reversal Level, with the price highlighted in red showing the Short Reversal Price.
Limit orders are placed at both of these levels. As soon as either level is touched, a trade is immediately executed.
The image above shows a long position being entered after the Long Reversal Level was reached. The profit target and stop loss are calculated by Reversal IQ
The blue line indicates where the profit target is placed (acting as a limit order).
The red line shows where the stop loss is placed (acting as a stop loss order).
Green arrows indicate that the strategy entered a long position at the highlighted price level.
You can also hover over the trade labels to get more information about the trade—such as the entry price, profit target, and stop loss.
The image above demonstrates the profit target being hit for the trade. All profitable trades are marked by a blue arrow and blue line. Hover over the blue arrow to obtain more details about the trade exit.
The image above depicts a short position being entered after the Short Reversal Level was touched. The profit target and stop loss are calculated by the AI
The blue line indicates where the profit target is placed (acting as a limit order).
The red line shows where the stop loss is placed (acting as a stop loss order).
The image above shows the profit target being hit for the short trade. Profitable trades are indicated by a blue arrow and blue line. Hover over the blue arrow to access more information about the trade exit.
Long Entry: Green Arrow
Short Entry: Red Arrow
Profitable Trades: Blue Arrow
Losing Trades: Red Arrow
IQMA
The IQMA implements a dynamic moving average that adapts to market conditions by adjusting its smoothing factor based on its own slope. This makes it more responsive in volatile conditions (steeper slopes) and smoother in less volatile conditions.
The IQMA is not used by Reversal IQ as a trade condition; however, the IQMA can be used by traders to characterize the overarching trend and elect to trade only long positions during bullish conditions and only short positions during bearish conditions.
The IQMA is an adaptive smoothing function that applies a combination of multiple moving averages to reduce lag and noise in the data. The adaptiveness is achieved by dynamically adjusting the Volatility Factor (VF) based on the slope (derivative) of the price trend, making it more responsive to strong trends and smoother in consolidating markets.
This process effectively makes the moving average a self-adjusting filter, the IQMA attempts to track both trending and ranging market conditions by dynamically changing its sensitivity in response to price movements.
When IQMA is blue, an overarching uptrend is in place. When IQMA is red, an overarching downtrend is in place.
IQ Candles
IQ Candles are price candles color-coordinated with IQMA. IQ Candles help visualize the overarching trend and are not used by Reversal IQ to determine trade entries and trade exits.
AI Aggressiveness
Reversal IQ has only one setting that controls its functionality.
AI Aggressiveness controls the aggressiveness of the AI. This setting has three options: Sniper, Aggressive, and Very Aggressive.
Sniper Mode
In Sniper Mode, Reversal IQ will prioritize trading large deviations from established reversal levels and extracting the largest countertrend move possible from them.
Aggressive Mode
In Aggressive Mode, Reversal IQ still prioritizes quality but allows for strong, quantity-based signals. More trades will be executed in this mode with tighter stops and profit targets. Aggressive mode forces Reversal IQ to learn from narrower raw-dollar violations of historical levels.
Very Aggressive Mode
In Very Aggressive Mode, Reversal IQ still prioritizes the strongest quantity-based signals. Stop and target distances aren't inherently affected, but entries will be aggressive while prioritizing performance. Very Aggressive mode forces Reversal IQ to learn from narrower raw-dollar violations of historical levels and also forces it to embrace volatility more aggressively.
AI Direction
The AI Direction setting controls the trade direction Reversal IQ is allowed to take.
“Both” allows for both long and short trades.
“Long” allows for only long trades.
“Short” allows for only short trades.
Verifying Reversal IQ’s Effectiveness
Reversal IQ automatically tracks its performance and displays the profit factor for the long strategy and the short strategy it uses. This information can be found in a table located in the top-right corner of your chart.
The image above shows the long strategy profit factor and the short strategy profit factor for Reversal IQ.
A profit factor greater than 1 indicates a strategy profitably traded historical price data.
A profit factor less than 1 indicates a strategy unprofitably traded historical price data.
A profit factor equal to 1 indicates a strategy did not lose or gain money when trading historical price data.
Using Reversal IQ
While Reversal IQ is a full-fledged trading system with entries and exits, it was designed for the manual trader to take its trading signals and analysis indications to greater heights - offering numerous applications beyond its built-in trading system.
The hallmark feature of Reversal IQ is its sniper-like reversal signals. While exits are dynamically calculated as well, Reversal IQ simply has a knack for "sniping" price reversals.
When performing live analysis, you can use the IQ Channel to evaluate price reversal areas, whether price has extended too far in one direction, and whether price is likely to reverse soon.
Of course, in times of exuberance or panic, price may push through the reversal levels. While infrequent, it can happen to any indicator.
The deeper price moves into the bullish reversal area (blue) the better chance that price has extended too far and will reverse to the upside soon. The deeper price moves into the bearish reversal area (red) the better chance that price has extended too far and will reverse to the downside soon.
Of course, you can set alerts for all Reversal IQ entry and exit signals, effectively following along its systematic conquest of price movement.
TradingIQ - Impulse IQIntroducing "Impulse IQ" by TradingIQ
Impulse IQ is an exclusive trading algorithm developed by TradingIQ, designed to trade breakouts and established trends. By integrating artificial intelligence and IQ Technology, Impulse IQ analyzes historical and real-time price data to construct a dynamic trading system adaptable to various asset and timeframe combinations.
Philosophy of Impulse IQ
Impulse IQ combines IQ Technology (AI) with the classic principles of trend and breakout trading. Recognizing that markets inherently follow trends that need to persist for significant price movements to unfold, Impulse IQ eliminates the need for rigid settings or manual intervention.
Instead, it dynamically develops, adapts, and executes trend-based trading strategies, enabling a more responsive approach to capturing meaningful market opportunities.
Impulse IQ is designed to work straight out of the box. In fact, its simplicity requires just one user setting, making it incredibly straightforward to manage.
Strategy type is the only setting that controls Impulse IQ’s functionality.
Traders don’t have to spend hours adjusting settings and trying to find what works best - Impulse IQ handles this on its own.
Key Features of Impulse IQ
Self-Learning Breakout Detection
Employs IQ Technology to identify breakouts.
AI-Generated Trading Signals
Provides breakout trading signals derived from self-learning algorithms.
Comprehensive Trading System
Offers clear entry and exit labels.
AI-Determined Trailing Profit Target and Stop Loss
Position exit levels are clearly defined and calculated by the AI once the trade is entered.
Performance Tracking
Records and presents trading performance data, easily accessible for user analysis.
Long and Short Trading Capabilities
Supports both long and short positions to trade various market conditions.
IQ Meter
The IQ Meter details where price is trading relative to a higher timeframe trend and lower timeframe trend. Fibonacci levels are interlaced along the meter, offering unique insights on trend retracement opportunities.
Self Learning, Multi Timeframe IQ Zig Zags
The Zig Zag IQ is a self-learning, multi-timeframe indicator that adapts to market volatility, providing a clearer representation of market movements than traditional zig zag indicators.
Dual Strategy Execution
Impulse IQ integrates two distinct strategy types: Breakout and Cheap (details explained later).
How It Works
Before diving deeper into Impulse IQ, it's essential to understand the core terminology:
Zig Zag IQ : A self-learning trend and breakout identification mechanism that serves as the foundation for Impulse IQ. Although it belongs to the “Zig Zag” class of technical indicators, it's powered by IQ Technology.
Impulse IQ : A self-learning trading strategy that executes trades based on Zig Zag IQ. Zig Zag IQ identifies market trends, while Impulse IQ adapts, learns, and executes trades based on these trend characterizations.
Impulse IQ operates on a simple heuristic: go long during upside volatility and go short during downside volatility, essentially capturing price breakouts.
The definition of a “price breakout” is determined by IQ Technology, TradingIQ's exclusive AI algorithm. In Impulse IQ, the algorithm utilizes two IQ Zig Zags (self-learning, multi-timeframe zig zags) to analyze and learn from market trends.
It identifies breakout opportunities by recognizing violations of established price levels marked by the IQ Zig Zags. Impulse IQ then adapts and evolves to trade similar future violations in a recurring and dynamic manner.
Put simply, IQ Zig Zags continuously learn from both historical and real-time price updates to adjust themselves for an "optimal fit" to price data. The aim is to adapt so that the marked price tops and bottoms, when violated, reveal potential breakout opportunities.
The strategy layer of IQ Zig Zags, known as Impulse IQ, incorporates an additional level of self-learning with IQ Technology. It learns from breakout signals generated by the IQ Zig Zags, enabling it to dynamically identify and signal tradable breakouts. Moreover, Impulse IQ learns from historical price data to manage trade exits.
All positions start with an initial fixed stop loss and a trailing stop target. Once the trailing stop target is reached, the fixed stop loss converts into a trailing stop, allowing Impulse IQ to remain in the breakout/trend until the trailing stop is triggered.
What Classifies as a Breakout, Price Top, and Price Bottom?
For Impulse IQ:
Price tops are considered the highest price achieved before a price bottom forms.
Price bottoms are the lowest price reached before a price top forms.
For price tops, the highest price continues to be calculated until a significant downside price move occurs. Similarly, for price bottoms, the lowest price is calculated until a significant upside price move happens.
What distinguishes Zig Zag IQ from other zig zag indicators is its unique mechanism for determining a "significant counter-trend price move." Zig Zag IQ evaluates multiple fits to identify what best suits the current market conditions. Consequently, a "significant counter-trend price move" in one market might differ in magnitude from what’s considered "significant" in another, allowing it to adapt to varying market dynamics.
For example, a 1% price move in the opposite direction might be substantial in one market but not in another, and Zig Zag IQ figures this out internally.
The image above illustrates the IQ Zig Zags in action. The solid Zig Zag IQ lines represent the most recent price move being calculated, while the dotted, shaded lines display historical price moves previously analyzed by IQ Zig Zag.
Notice how the green zig zag aligns with a larger trend, while the purple zig zag follows a smaller trend. This mechanism is crucial for generating breakout signals in Impulse IQ: for a position to be entered, the breakout of the smaller trend must occur in the same direction as the larger trend.
The image above depicts the IQ Meters—an exclusive TradingIQ tool designed to help traders evaluate trend strength and retracement opportunities.
When the lower timeframe Zig Zag IQ and the higher timeframe Zig Zag IQ are out of sync (i.e., one is uptrending while the other is downtrending, with no active positions), the meters display a neutral color, as shown in the image.
The key to using these meters is to identify trend unison and pinpoint key trend retracement entry opportunities. Fibonacci retracement levels for the current trend are interlaced along each meter, and the current price is converted to a retracement ratio of the trend.
These meters can mathematically determine where price stands relative to the larger and smaller trends, aiding in identifying entry opportunities.
The top of each meter indicates the highest price achieved during the current price move.
The bottom of each meter indicates the lowest price achieved during the current price move.
When both the larger and smaller trends are in sync and uptrending, or when a long position is active, the IQ meters turn green, indicating uptrend strength.
When both trends are in sync and downtrending, or when a short position is active, the IQ meters turn red, indicating downtrend strength.
The image above shows the Point of Change for both the larger and smaller Zig Zag IQ trends. A distinctive feature of Zig Zag IQ is its ability to calculate these turning points in advance—unlike most traditional zig zag indicators that lack predetermined turning points and often lag behind price movements. In contrast, Zig Zag IQ offers a minimal-lag trend detection capability, providing a more responsive representation of market trends.
Simply put, once the market Zig Zag anchors are touched, the corresponding Zig Zag IQ will change direction.
Trade Signals
Impulse IQ can trade in one of two ways: Entering breakouts as soon as they happen (Breakout Strategy Type) or entering the pullback of a price breakout (Cheap Strategy Type).
Generally, the Breakout Strategy type will take a greater number of trades and enter a breakout quicker. The Cheap Strategy type will usually take less trades, but potentially enter at a better time/price point, prior to the next leg up of a break up, or the next leg down of a break down.
Entry signals are given when price breaks out to the upside or downside for the "Breakout" strategy type, or for the "Cheap" strategy type, when price retraces to the level it broke out from!
Breakout Strategy Example
The image above demonstrates a long position entered and exited using the Breakout strategy. The price breakout level is marked by the dotted, horizontal green line, representing a previously established price high identified by IQ Zig Zag. Once the price breaks and closes above this level, a long position is initiated.
After entering a long position, Impulse IQ immediately displays the initial fixed stop price. As the price moves favorably for the long position, the trailing stop conversion level is reached, and the indicator switches to a trailing stop, as shown in the image. Impulse IQ continues to "ride the trend" for as long as it persists, exiting only when the trailing stop is triggered.
Cheap Strategy Example
The image above shows a short entry executed using the Cheap strategy. The aim of the Cheap strategy is to enter on a pullback before the breakout occurs. While this results in fewer trades if price doesn’t pull back before the breakout, it typically allows for a better entry time and price point when a pullback does happen.
The image above illustrates the remainder of the trade until the trailing stop was hit.
Green Arrow = Long Entry
Red Arrow = Short Entry
Blue Arrow = Trade Exit
Impulse IQ calculates the initial stop price and trailing stop distance before any entry signals are triggered. This means users don’t need to constantly tweak these settings to improve performance—Impulse IQ handles this process internally.
Verifying Impulse IQ’s Effectiveness
Impulse IQ automatically tracks its performance and displays the profit factor for both its long and short strategies, visible in a table located in the top-right corner of your chart.
The image above shows the profit factor for both the long and short strategies used by Impulse IQ.
A profit factor greater than 1 indicates that the strategy was profitable when trading historical price data.
A profit factor less than 1 indicates that the strategy was unprofitable when trading historical price data.
A profit factor equal to 1 indicates that the strategy neither gained nor lost money on historical price data.
Using Impulse IQ
While Impulse IQ functions as a comprehensive trading system with its own entry and exit signals, it was designed for the manual trader to take its trading signals and analysis indications to greater heights - offering numerous applications beyond its built-in trading system.
The standout feature of Impulse IQ is its ability to characterize and capitalize on trends. Keeping a close eye on “Breakout” labels and making use of the IQ meter is the best way to use Impulse IQ.
The IQ Meters can be used to:
Find entry points during trend retracements
Assess trend alignment across higher and lower timeframes
Evaluate overall trend strength, indicating where the price lies on both IQ Meters.
Additionally, "Break Up" and "Break Down" labels can be identified for anticipating breakouts. Impulse IQ self-learns to capture breakouts optimally, making these labels dynamic signals for predicting a breakout.
The Zig Zag IQ indicators are instrumental in characterizing the market's current state. As a self-learning tool, Zig Zag IQ constantly adapts to improve the representation of current price action. The price tops and bottoms identified by Zig Zag IQ can be treated as support/resistance and breakout levels.
Of course, you can set alerts for all Impulse IQ entry and exit signals, effectively following along its systematic conquest of price movement.
TradingIQ - Nova IQIntroducing "Nova IQ" by TradingIQ
Nova IQ is an exclusive Trading IQ algorithm designed for extended price move scalping. It spots overextended micro price moves and bets against them. In this way, Nova IQ functions similarly to a reversion strategy.
Nova IQ analyzes historical and real-time price data to construct a dynamic trading system adaptable to various asset and timeframe combinations.
Philosophy of Nova IQ
Nova IQ integrates AI with the concept of central-value reversion scalping. On lower timeframes, prices may overextend for small periods of time - which Nova IQ looks to bet against. In this sense, Nova IQ scalps against small, extended price moves on lower timeframes.
Nova IQ is designed to work straight out of the box. In fact, its simplicity requires just one user setting, making it incredibly straightforward to manage.
Use HTF (used to apply a higher timeframe trade filter) is the only setting that controls how Nova IQ works.
Traders don’t have to spend hours adjusting settings and trying to find what works best - Nova IQ handles this on its own.
Key Features of Nova IQ
Self-Learning Market Scalping
Employs AI and IQ Technology to scalp micro price overextensions.
AI-Generated Trading Signals
Provides scalping signals derived from self-learning algorithms.
Comprehensive Trading System
Offers clear entry and exit labels.
Performance Tracking
Records and presents trading performance data, easily accessible for user analysis.
Higher Timeframe Filter
Allows users to implement a higher timeframe trading filter.
Long and Short Trading Capabilities
Supports both long and short positions to trade various market conditions.
Nova Oscillator (NOSC)
The Nova IQ Oscillator (NOSC) is an exclusive self-learning oscillator developed by Trading IQ. Using IQ Technology, the NOSC functions as an all-in-one oscillator for evaluating price overextensions.
Nova Bands (NBANDS)
The Nova Bands (NBANDS) are based on a proprietary calculation and serve as a custom two-layer smoothing filter that uses exponential decay. These bands adaptively smooth prices to identify potential trend retracement opportunities.
How It Works
Nova IQ operates on a simple heuristic: scalp long during micro downside overextensions and short during micro upside overextensions.
What constitutes an "overextension" is defined by IQ Technology, TradingIQ's proprietary AI algorithm. For Nova IQ, this algorithm evaluates the typical extent of micro overextensions before a reversal occurs. By learning from these patterns, Nova IQ adapts to identify and trade future overextensions in a consistent manner.
In essence, Nova IQ learns from price movements within scalping timeframes to pinpoint price areas for capitalizing on the reversal of an overextension.
As a trading system, Nova IQ enters all positions using market orders at the bar’s close. Each trade is exited with a profit-taking limit order and a stop-loss order. Thanks to its self-learning capability, Nova IQ determines the most suitable profit target and stop-loss levels, eliminating the need for the user to adjust any settings.
What classifies as a tradable overextension?
For Nova IQ, tradable overextensions are not manually set but are learned by the system. Nova IQ utilizes NOSC to identify and classify micro overextensions. By analyzing multiple variations of NOSC, along with its consistency in signaling overextensions and its tendency to remain in extreme zones, Nova IQ dynamically adjusts NOSC to determine what constitutes overextension territory for the indicator.
When NOSC reaches the downside overextension zone, long trades become eligible for entry. Conversely, when NOSC reaches the upside overextension zone, short trades become eligible for entry.
The image above illustrates NOSC and explains the corresponding overextension zones
The blue lower line represents the Downside Overextension Zone.
The red upper line represents the Upside Overextension Zone.
Any area between the two deviation points is not considered a tradable price overextension.
When either of the overextension zones are breached, Nova IQ will get to work at determining a trade opportunity.
The image above shows a long position being entered after the Downside Overextension Zone was reached.
The blue line on the price scale shows the AI-calculated profit target for the scalp position. The redline shows the AI-calculated stop loss for the scalp position.
Blue arrows indicate that the strategy entered a long position at the highlighted price level.
Yellow arrows indicate a position was closed.
You can also hover over the trade labels to get more information about the trade—such as the entry price and exit price.
The image above depicts a short position being entered after the Upside Overextension Zone was breached.
The blue line on the price scale shows the AI-calculated profit target for the scalp position. The redline shows the AI-calculated stop loss for the scalp position.
Red arrows indicate that the strategy entered a short position at the highlighted price level.
Yellow arrows indicate that NOVA IQ exited a position.
Long Entry: Blue Arrow
Short Entry: Red Arrow
Closed Trade: Yellow Arrow
Nova Bands
The Nova Bands (NBANDS) are based on a proprietary calculation and serve as a custom two-layer smoothing filter that uses exponential decay and cosine factors.
These bands adaptively smooth the price to identify potential trend retracement opportunities.
The image above illustrates how to interpret NBANDS. While NOSC focuses on identifying micro overextensions, NBANDS is designed to capture larger price overextensions. As a result, the two indicators complement each other well and can be effectively used together to identify a broader range of price overextensions in the market.
While the Nova Bands are not part of the core heuristic and do not use IQ technology, they provide valuable insights for discretionary traders looking to refine their strategies.
Use HTF (Use Higher Timeframe) Setting
Nova IQ has only one setting that controls its functionality.
“Use HTF” controls whether the AI uses a higher timeframe trading filter. This setting can be true or false. If true, the trader must select the higher timeframe to implement.
No Higher TF Filter
Nova IQ operates with standard aggression when the higher timeframe setting is turned off. In this mode, it exclusively learns from the price data of the current chart, allowing it to trade more aggressively without the influence of a higher timeframe filter.
Higher TF Filter
Nova IQ demonstrates reduced aggression when the "Use HTF" (Higher Timeframe) setting is enabled. In this mode, Nova IQ learns from both the current chart's data and the selected higher timeframe data, factoring in the higher timeframe trend when seeking scalping opportunities. As a result, trading opportunities only arise when both the higher timeframe and the chart's timeframe simultaneously display overextensions, making this mode more selective in its entries.
In this mode, Nova IQ calculates NOSC on the higher timeframe, learns from the corresponding price data, and applies the same rules to NOSC as it does for the current chart's timeframe. This ensures that Nova IQ consistently evaluates overextensions across both timeframes, maintaining its trading logic while incorporating higher timeframe insights.
AI Direction
The AI Direction setting controls the trade direction Nova IQ is allowed to take.
“Trade Longs” allows for long trades.
“Trade Shorts” allows for short trades.
Verifying Nova IQ’s Effectiveness
Nova IQ automatically tracks its performance and displays the profit factor for the long strategy and the short strategy it uses. This information can be found in a table located in the top-right corner of your chart showing the long strategy profit factor and the short strategy profit factor.
The image above shows the long strategy profit factor and the short strategy profit factor for Nova IQ.
A profit factor greater than 1 indicates a strategy profitably traded historical price data.
A profit factor less than 1 indicates a strategy unprofitably traded historical price data.
A profit factor equal to 1 indicates a strategy did not lose or gain money when trading historical price data.
Using Nova IQ
While Nova IQ is a full-fledged trading system with entries and exits - it was designed for the manual trader to take its trading signals and analysis indications to greater heights, offering numerous applications beyond its built-in trading system.
The hallmark feature of Nova IQ is its to ignore noise and only generate signals during tradable overextensions.
The best way to identify overextensions with Nova IQ is with NOSC.
NOSC is naturally adept at identifying micro overextensions. While it can be interpreted in a manner similar to traditional oscillators like RSI or Stochastic, NOSC’s underlying calculation and self-learning capabilities make it significantly more advanced and useful than conventional oscillators.
Additionally, manual traders can benefit from using NBANDS. Although NBANDS aren't a core component of Nova IQ's guiding heuristic, they can be valuable for manual trading. Prices rarely extend beyond these bands, and it's uncommon for prices to consistently trade outside of them.
NBANDS do not incorporate IQ Technology; however, when combined with NOSC, traders can identify strong double-confluence opportunities.
TradesAI - Elite (Premium)This is an all-inclusive, premium indicator that focuses mainly on price action analysis, a form of looking at raw price data and market structure to analyze and capture areas of interest where price could react.
This indicator is a perfect trading companion that saves you a lot of time in trading price action. Some of the popular methods that use price action analysis are "Smart Money Concepts (SMC)", "Inner Circle Trader (ICT)", and "Institutional Trading".
🔶 POWERFUL TOOLS
The indicator combines three main tools as a trading suite:
Trendlines
Market Structure Breakouts (MSB)
Order Blocks (OBs) and Reversal Order Blocks (ROBs)
These 3 main tools are interconnected together. Below we go over each, and then explain how and why they are brought in together. Please also note that the indicator's settings have tooltips next to most of them, with more detailed information.
🔶 TRENDLINES
This indicator automatically draws the most relevant Trendlines from pivot high/pivot low (based on the defined settings) as origins, while keeping track of candle closes across these Trendlines to adjust or invalidate accordingly.
The indicator will draw all possible Trendlines up to the maximum allowed by TradingView's PineScript. It uses a bullish pivot high candle to draw downtrends, and a bearish pivot low candle to draw uptrends. The algorithm will draw the most suitable active Trendlines from those origin points.
The indicator takes the origin point as the first point of the Trendline, then starts looking for the immediate next same-type candle (bullish to bullish or bearish to bearish), to draw the Trendline between the origin candle and this newer candle.
An uptrend is a ray connecting two bearish candles, as long as the second candle has a Low higher than the low of the origin (first) candle. A downtrend is a ray connecting two bullish candles, as long as the second candle has a high lower than the high of the origin (first) candle.
Upon drawing, the indicator then starts monitoring and adjusting this Trendline, by keeping the origin always the same but changing the second point. The goal is to keep reducing the slope of the Trendline till it is at 0 degrees (horizontal line). That then makes the Trendline "final". Note that you have the option to keep all Trendlines or just show the final, in the settings.
So, the algorithm has three states for the Trendlines:
Initial: not tested, meaning price hasn't yet broken through it and closed a candle beyond it, to cause a re-adjustment of this Trendline.
Broken: a candle hard closed (opened and closed) across it but still, the direction of the trend is maintained with a new Trendline from the same origin – could be replaced (or kept on the chart as a "backside", which is what we call a broken Trendline to be tested from the opposite side) with a new Trendline from the same origin, to the newest candle that caused the break to happen, as then it becomes the new second point of that Trendline.
Final: a candle hard closed (opened and closed) across it and can't draw a new Trendline from the same origin maintaining the direction of the trend (so an uptrend becomes a downtrend or a downtrend becomes an uptrend at this point, which is not allowed). This marks the end of the Trendline adjustment for that origin.
To summarize the Trendlines algorithm, imagine starting from a candle and drawing the Trendline, then keep re-adjusting it to make its slope less and less, till it becomes a horizontal line. That's the final state.
Here is a step-by-step scenario to demonstrate the algorithm:
Notice how first an Uptrend (green ray) is drawn between point A origin pivot (picked by our smart algorithm) and point B, both marked by green arrows:
Uptrend then turned into backside (where it flips from diagonal support to resistance where liquidity potentially resides):
Then a new uptrend is drawn from the same point A origin pivot to a new point B matching the filters in settings.
Finally, it turns also into a backside and is considered final because no more uptrends could be drawn from the same point A origin point.
Unlike traditional Trendline tools, this indicator takes into account numerous rules for each candlestick to determine valid support and resistance levels, which act as liquidity zones.
Unlike conventional Trendline tools, this indicator allows the user to define the pivot point left and right length to capture the proper ones as origins, then automatically recognizes and extends lines from them as liquidity zones where a reaction is expected. Moreover, the indicator monitors those Trendlines in real-time to switch them from buying to selling zones, and vice-versa, as the price structure changes.
Features
Log vs. Linear scale switch to show different Trendlines accordingly. When updating the Trendlines, or deciding whether Touches/Hard Closes are met, it makes a difference.
Ability to show all forms of Trendlines, final Trendlines or just backside Trendlines.
Why is it used?
For experienced traders, it offers the advantage of time efficiency, while new traders can bypass the steep learning curve of drawing Trendlines manually, which could practically be drawn between any two candlesticks on the chart (many variations).
🔶 MARKET STRUCTURE BREAKOUT (MSB)
The Market Structure Breakouts (MSB) tool is a trading tool that detects specific patterns on trading charts and provides ‘take profit’ regions based on the extended direction of the identified pattern. A breakout is a potential trading opportunity that presents itself when an asset's price moves away from a zone of accumulation (i.e. above a resistance level or below a support level) on increasing volume. The most famous form of market structure breakout is double/triple tops/bottoms, or what is referred to as W or M breakouts.
See this example below of how our MSB smart algorithm picked the local bottom of INDEX:BTCUSD
Here is a step-by-step scenario to demonstrate the algorithm:
First, the algorithm picks the pivot points according to our Machine Learning (ML) model, which uses Average True Range (ATR) and Moving Averages of various types to decide. It will then signal a Market Structure Breakout (MSB):
You may either short (sell) this MSB towards the targets (dotted green lines) and/or buy (long) at the targets (dotted green lines). Usually, these targets provide scalp moves, according to our model, but they may also act as strong reversal points on the chart.
Unlike standard indicators, the MSB tool identifies patterns that may not appear in every time frame due to specific conditions that need to be met, including Average True Range (ATR) and Moving Averages at the time of creation. Once these patterns are identified, the tool gives ‘take profit’ regions in the direction of the trading pattern and even allows for trading in the opposite direction (contrarian/counter-trend scalps) once those regions are reached. A confirmed breakout has the potential to drive the price to these specific targets, calculated based on our Machine Learning (ML) model. The Targets are the measured moves placed from the breakout point.
Features
Log vs. Linear scale switch to show different MSBs accordingly based on the ratios.
Detects trading patterns with specific conditions.
Ability to specify how sensitive the pivot points are for capturing market structure breakouts.
Provides take profit regions in the extended direction of the pattern.
Allows for versatile trading styles by permitting trades in the opposite direction (contrarian or counter-trend) once the take profit region is reached.
Highlights 2 levels of interest for potential trade initiation (or as targets of the MSB move).
🔶 ORDER BLOCK (OB) and REVERSAL ORDER BLOCK (ROB)
Before diving deeper into OBs and ROBs, you may consider the following chart for a general understanding of price ladders, and how they break. This is a bearish price ladder leaving Lower Lows and Lower Highs after an initial Low and High (L->H->LL->LH). Bullish ladders are the opposite (H->L->HH->HL).
In this bearish ladder case, notice the numbers representing the highs made (being lower). While this is a clean structure, markets don't always create such clean ladders, but you may switch to a higher timeframe to see it in a clearer form (usually, you will be able to spot it there).
In SMC or ICT concepts, the "Break Of Structure (BOS)" is pretty much creating a new lower low (LL) for the bearish ladder (and the creation of a higher high (HH) for the bullish ladder). By doing so, markets are grabbing liquidity below these levels and could either continue the ladder or stop/flip it. This gives you the context of how the ladder prints.
Price usually ends the ladder with a "Change of Character (CHoCH)", which represents a BOS (to grab liquidity) followed by an aggressive move in the opposite direction, which could lead the market to close the gaps and balance out. It is considered a good practice to then target liquidity in the opposite direction when a CHoCH happens, meaning for a bearish ladder you may target the pivots marked by 3, 2 and 1 at the top (start of the ladder).
Now we move to Order Blocks (OBs) and Reversal Order Blocks (ROBs). Think of them as sniper zones or micro ladders inside the bigger ladder/structure.
Order Blocks are usually used as zones of support and resistance on a trading chart where liquidity is present, or what some traders call "potential institutional interest zones". Order Blocks can be observed at the beginning of these strong moves of BOS or the CHoCH, leaving behind a zone (one or more candles) to be revisited later to balance the market. Therefore, these are interesting levels to place Limit/Market orders (sell the peaks or buy the valleys) instead of doing so at the swing highs or swing lows of the ladder (where BOS or CHoCH happened). The idea here is that the price could go deep into the ladder's step (peak or valley), and by doing so, it usually goes to these zones.
A bullish Order Block (Valley-OB) is the last bearish candle of a downtrend before a sequence of bullish candles (thus forming a "Valley"). A bearish Order Block (Peak-OB) is the last bullish candle of an uptrend before a sequence of bearish candles (thus forming a "Peak"). Our indicator captures the full range zones of the OB meaning not only the last candle but the sequence of same-type candles immediately next to it, which creates a zone, thus the name "OB/ROB Zone". Not only does the tool mark those levels on the chart, but it also has a smart tracking algorithm to remove the appropriate levels dynamically. It will monitor, candle by candle, what is happening to all the OBs/ROBs, and update them according to how they are being tested/visited (eg. weak testing being a touch, and strong testing being a touch of the same colour candle).
Bullish Valley-OB:
Bearish Peak-OB:
The indicator follows our concept of "Zone Activation" to determine whether to mark zones with dashed or solid lines.
If we take a bearish Peak-OB as an example, notice how it first gets drawn with a dashed red line (as the algorithm monitors how far the price moved away from the zone):
As price moves away (distance based on our Machin Learning (ML) model), it turns into solid lines:
Some people prefer to enter market orders or limit (pending) orders close to the zone, while others wait for it to hit. You may wait for these zones to turn into solid lines (meaning that the price made a decent move away from it before revisiting it). It depends on your trading strategy.
When Order Block (OB) zones break instead of holding the ladder, they turn into what we call Reversal Order Blocks (ROB); our algorithm of flipping these zones where price could react from the other side of the OB. Our algorithm monitor and highlight the most suitable ones to trade, based on +30 conditions and variables by our Machine Learning (ML) models. Examples of ROBs in the SMC or ICT trading community are a "Breaker Block", a "Mitigation Block" or a "Unicorn Setup". However, our algorithm filters the zones based on many factors such as ratios of price movement before, inside and after these zones, along with many other factors.
The algorithm monitors the ratios of how price moved into and away from the OB/ROB, as well as the type of move happening, to then filter the ones that are considered of high probability to break/not do a reaction.
A bullish Valley-OB (green) turns into a bearish Valley-ROB (neon red) where you may short (sell), while a bearish Peak-OB (red) turns into a bullish Peak-ROB (neon green) where you may long (buy).
Example of a bullish Valley-OB that turned into a bearish Valley-ROB:
Features
Log vs. Linear scale switch to show OBs/ROBs accordingly based on the ratios and the price action around these zones (before and after creation).
Uses our Machine Learning (ML) model to determine relevant Order Blocks (OBs) to show or hide based on price action.
Considers distribution and accumulation candles to find relevant Order Blocks.
Various types of triggers to mark those Order Blocks and their zones: breakout, close, hard close (open and close) or full close (low, high, open and close).
Monitors the 1:1 expansion of price from key areas of interest, which would change the importance of the zones through our concept of “Zone Activation”.
Allows for customization in the settings to display different types of Order Blocks (e.g., tested or untested).
Marking and invalidating levels based on many variables, including single or multiple candle zones, touching/closing beyond specific levels, weak/strong testing criteria, price tolerance % (near a level), and many more.
Provides color-coded visual representation for easier interpretation.
Why is it used?
Order Blocks (OB) and Reversal Order Blocks (ROB) represent the building blocks of price ladders, in conjunction with Swing Highs and Swing Lows. By identifying where liquidity is potentially present, they become common targets for big market players. Additionally, they provide clear invalidation points based on various types of candle closes, such as hard closes or simply a candle close.
One strategy that could be used is to open positions at these OB or ROB Levels as long as the chart maintains the trend (ladder), for a potentially higher win rate (or against it for a quick scalp). Be mindful of the breaking of a ladder or the building of a new one. A ladder breaks with a hard close (open and close) of a candle across the closest two levels; a ladder builds by not breaking back down across the levels it has tested. By definition, strong ladders will have a few untested levels and come back to wick them but still retain the structure of the laddering direction (trending with Lower Lows + Lower Highs or Higher Lows + Higher Highs).
🔶 COMBINING ALL TOOLS
In summary, Trendlines could be great tools to give you a general context of whether the price is laddering up or down. Once you spot the ladder, your goal is to either trade in its direction (not to go against the trend) or to counter-trend trade (contrarian). To do so, you could use the MSB tool to spot these BOS/CHoCH. And to give you more precise entries, you may rely on the OB/ROB zones which usually mesh over the ladder, to provide a sniper entry!
🔶 RISK DISCLAIMER
Trading is risky, and most day traders lose money. The risk of loss in trading can be substantial. Decisions to buy, sell, hold or trade in securities, commodities and other investments involve risk and are best made based on the advice of qualified financial professionals. Past performance does not guarantee future results. All content is to be considered hypothetical, selected after the fact, in order to demonstrate our product and should not be construed as financial advice. You should therefore carefully consider whether such trading is suitable for you in light of your financial condition.
