Infiten's Price Percentage Oscillator Channel (PPOC Indicator)What is the script used for?
Infiten's Price Percentage Oscillator (PPOC Indicator) can be used as a contrarian indicator for volatile stocks and futures to indicate reversals, areas of support and resistance. For longer term trading, if the Short SMA or prices go above the High PPO Threshold line, it is a sign that the asset is overbought, whereas prices or the Short SMA going below the Low PPO Threshold line indicates that the asset is oversold.
What lines can be plotted?
Low PPO Thresh - Calculated as -PPO Threshold * Short MA + Long MA : Gives the price below which the PPO hits your lower threshold
High PPO Thresh - Calculated as PPO Threshold * Short MA + Long MA : Gives the price above which the PPO hits your upper threshold
MA PPO : Plots candles with the Low PPO Thresh as the low, High PPO Thresh as the high, Short MA as the open, and Long MA as the close.
Short SMA : plots the short simple moving average
Long SMA : plots the long simple moving average
Customizable Values :
Short MA Length : the number of bars back used to calculate the short moving average for a PPO
Long MA Length : the number of bars back used to calculate the long moving average for a PPO
PPO Threshold : the percent difference from the moving average expressed as a decimal (0.5 = 50%)
Recommendations:
Longer timeframes like 300 days are best with larger PPO Thresholds, I recommend using a PPO Threshold of 0.5 or higher. For shorter timeframes like 14 days I recommend setting smaller PPO Thresholds, like 0.3 or lower. I find that these values typically capture the most extremes in price action.
Cerca negli script per "reversal"
[SKP] Opening Range Reversals with FIBO zonesopening range reversal zones with fibo .50, .618, .786, 1 levels
opening range time can set as you like, 15M, 30M etc
entry at .50 and .618 levels with stop loss .786 and 1 levels.
do backtest and practice..
idea from author colejustice
Random Walk ReversalUses the Random Walk script as a tool for predicting trend reversals instead of trend strength.
Adjustable MA & Alternating Extremities [LuxAlgo]Returns a moving average allowing the user to control the amount of lag as well as the amplitude of its overshoots thanks to a parametric kernel. The indicator displays alternating extremities and aims to provide potential points where price might reverse.
Due to user requests, we added the option to display the moving average as candles instead of a solid line.
Settings
Length: MA period, refers to the number of most recent data points to use for its calculation.
Mult: Multiplicative factor for each extremity.
As Smoothed Candles: Allows the user to show the MA as a series of candles instead of a solid line.
Show Alternating Extremities : Determines whether to display the alternating extremities or not.
Lag: Controls the amount of lag of the MA, with higher values returning a MA with more lag.
Overshoot: Controls the amplitude of the overshoots returned by the MA, with higher values increasing the amplitude of the overshoots.
Usage
Moving averages using parametric kernels allows users to have more control over characteristics such as lag or smoothness; this can greatly benefit the analyst. A moving average with reduced lag can be used as a leading moving average in a MA crossover system, while lag will benefit moving averages used as slow MA in a crossover system.
Increasing 'Lag' will increase smoothness while increasing 'overshoot' will reduce lag.
The following indicator puts more emphasis on its alternating extremities, an upper extremity will be shown once the high price crosses the upper extremity, while a low extremity will be shown once the low price crosses the lower extremity. These can be interpreted like extremities of a band indicator.
The MA using a length value of 200 with a multiplicative factor of 1.
In general, extremities will effectively return points where price might potentially bounce in ranging markets while closing prices under trending markets will often be found above an upper extremity and under a lower extremity.
Reducing the lag of the moving average allows the user to obtain a more timely estimate of the underlying trend in the price, with a better fit overall. This allows the user to obtain potentially pertinent extremities where price might reverse upon a break, even under trending markets.
In the above chart, the price initially breaks the upper extremity, however, we can observe that the upper extremity eventually reaches back the price, goes above it, provides a resistance, and effectively indicates a reversal.
Users can plot candles from the moving average, these are fairly similar to heikin-ashi candles in the sense that CandleOpen(t) ≠ CandleClose(t-1) , each point of the candle is calculated as follows for our indicator:
Open = Average between MA(t-1) and MA(t-2)
High = MA using the high price as input
Low = MA using the low price as input
Close = MA using the closing price as input
Details
Lag is defined as the effect of moving averages to reflect past price variations instead of new ones, lag can be observed by the user and is the main cause of false signals. Lag is proportional to the degree of filtering returned by the moving average.
Overshooting is a common effect encountered in non-lagging moving averages, and is defined as the tendency of a moving average to exceed a maximum level (or minimum level, which can be defined as undershooting )
MA and rolling maximum/minimum, both using a length of 50 bars. While we can think of lag as a cost of smoothness, we can think of overshooting as a cost for reduced lag on some occasions.
Explaining the kernel design behind our moving average requires understanding of the logic behind lag reduction in moving averages. This can prove to be complex for non informed users, but let's just focus on the simpler part; moving averages can be defined as a weighted sum between past prices and a set of coefficients (kernel).
MA(t) = b(0)C(t) + b(1)C(t-1) + b(2)C(t-2) + ... + b(n-1)C(t-n-1)
Where n is the period of the moving average. Lag is (non optimally) reduced by "underweighting" past prices - that is multiplying them by negative numbers.
The kernel used in our moving average is based on a modified sinewave. A weighted sum making use of a sinewave as a kernel would return an oscillator centered at 0. We can divide this sinewave by an increasing linear function in order to obtain a kernel allowing us to obtain a low lag moving average instead of a centered oscillator. This is the main idea in the design of the kernel used by our moving average.
The kernel equation of our moving average is:
sin(2πx^α)(1 - x^β)
With 1>x>0 , and where α controls the lag, while β controls the overshoot amplitude.
Using this equation we can obtain the following kernels:
Here only α is changed, while β is equal to 1. Values to the left would represent the coefficients for the most recent prices. Notice how the most significant coefficients are given to the oldest prices in the case where α increases.
Higher overshoot would require more negative values, this is controlled by β
Here only β is changed, while α is equal to 1. Notice how higher values return lower negative coefficients. This effectively increases the overshoots amplitude in our moving average. We can decrease α in order for these negative coefficients to underweight more recent values.
Using α = 0 allows us to simplify the kernel equation to:
1 - x^β
Using this kernel we can obtain more classical moving averages, this can be seen from the following results:
Using β = 1 allows us to obtain a linearly decreasing kernel (the one of a WMA), while increasing allows the kernel to converge toward a rectangular kernel (the one of SMA).
Volatility Bands Reversal Strategy [Long Only]This strategy based on existng indicator available on TV
If finds the reversals for LONG entries ... I have modified the settings to back test it ...
BUY
====
When the price touches lower band , and tries to close above lower band
some signals are mixed up, you can research and look for a confirmation ...
if the middle band is above EMA50 , you can simply follow the strategy BUY signal
but if the middle band is EMA50 , wait for the price to close above middle band
Sell / Close
==========
wait for the sell signa OR close when price touches the upper band
How do you want to close , you can chose in settings. Chnage these values and see the performance
Please note , sell means just closing the existing LONG position , not short selling
Stop Loss
=========
Stop Loss is defaulted to 6%
This is tested in 1HR, 2HR and 4 HRs chart for SPY and QQQ ETFS ...
for long term investing style , 4 Hrs is the best time frme for this strategy
Warning
========
It is not a financial advise , it is for educational purposes only. Please do your own research before taking any trading decission
Bjorgum TSI Arrows
This script is intended to help the viewer identify potential turning points with momentum "headwinds" or "tailwinds" with a visual que at the bar level. The presence of arrows indicates that the TSI indicator is either "curling" up under the signal line, or "curling" down over the signal line. This can help to anticipate reversals, or moves in favor of trend direction.
Multiple script overlays can be used for "Multi-timeframe analysis" by altering the "resolution" feature.
eg: Viewer could enable 2 "Arrow" scripts while watching the daily timeframe, and setting one of them to indicate weekly conditions. This can help identify prevailing trend strength when using smaller timeframes.
Golden Cross Optimised For Reversal (by Coinrule)A moving average crossing is a common and widely adopted trading strategy. A short-term MA crossing above a long-term one provides the buy-signal. The opposite generates a sell-signal for the strategy.
Although very popular, this strategy has some limitations that lead to frequent "false signals" and only a few very profitable trades. If the strategy provides two many trades, that generates
the risk for more potential losses
more transaction fees paid
capital allocated to the strategy, thus the impossibility of catching other potential opportunities.
Applying an additional filter to the strategy, consisting of the crossing happening below a longer-term moving average, allows increasing the chances of catching the first crossing signaling a reversal.
The indicator is set to work with three moving averages.
Buy signal: The MA(9) to cross above the MA(50), which must be below the MA(100)
Sell Signal: The MA(9) to cross below the MA(50)
This indicator works significantly better on lower time frames, where it can reduce the noise of getting too many non-profitable signals from a conventional crossing strategy.
The indicator has been backtested mostly on cryptocurrencies.
Trend Reversal / Potential pressureThis strategy looks for potential trend reversals by looking at hammer candles (defined in the is_hammer and is_stick functions). After getting confirmation a trade is open with determined SL/TP. ATR is used to justify the volatility. Fine-tune the parameters for your specific use case.
VPTbollfib & Camarilla (Danarilla)I do not own the original indicators. This is just a combination of the two because of their nature to work in a similar way.
Camarilla Pivots run on the basis of intraday range trading. Usually after daily open you look the fade whatever move happened before. by shorting R3/H3 levels or longing R3/L3. Targeting the other side of the range. This is the infamous PivotBoss level calculations and you would want to activate camarilla and turn off the normal pivots. They use the previous days volatility to plot the next days levels.
But what about some confirmation?
Well RafaelIzoni (who made it open source for improvement) threw together this VPTbollfib. It is volume price trend crossing down a fib line using bollinger bands as price envelope. The beauty of this is that It will signal usually counter to current price action based on selling into uptrends or vise versa. Meaning you get signals to counter price. Which is what you might be looking for on range day trade scalps for camarilla. A wick reversal or engulfing + volume based signal is a very happy pairing together. And those signals are usually suitable for the target of the range you are day trading. Hourly time frame works quite well for both. And camarilla should also be on daily settings.
Special Thanks to Nanda (who published the pivotboss indicator AND) Helped to merge the scripts together.
This indicator alone is an entire trade system. Camarilla already is. If you know the rules. it can be used for entries, exits, risk management to trade the range on TREND, COUNTER TREND, and BREAKOUT plays. The bollinger band fibs add confirmation to the trends levels. And the VPT adds a secondary confirmation to take a camarilla trade.
Try it out. I think you will find both the levels on camarilla and the VPT signals quite suprising.
Higher Highs & Lower Lows Stochastics - Vitali ApirineThis is my modified "Higher Highs & Lower Lows Stochastics" employing PSv4.0, originally formulated by Vitali Apirine for TASC - February 2016 Traders Tips. Reading through a TASC magazine of mine, behold, I found a little known indicator that I can't find anywhere on all of Tradingview. That was a tragedy I felt I had to resolve... This indicator is best described as a dual momentum indicator, being helpful with anticipating reversals, spotting emerging trends, and defining correction periods. I felt it worthy of justice to unveil this for all TV members to utilize and also learn from. It's uniqueness is beyond past due for the honor it deserves on Tradingview.
As always, I have included advanced Pine programming techniques that conform to proper "Pine Etiquette". For those of you who are newcomers to Pine Script, this code release may also help you comprehend the "Power of Pine" by employing advanced programming techniques while exhibiting code utilization in a most effective manner. This script's uniqueness displays that we can now override built-in Pine functions. Firstly, you may have noticed that I replaced ema(), sma(), highest(), and lowest(). If you weren't aware of this Pine capability, well, here is a prime example... Now you know! Just heed caution when doing so to ensure your replacement algorithms are 100% sound. Lastly, I also added an additional "Median" line where the companion stochastics seemingly appear to gravitate within a central zone.
NOTICE: You may have observed, there is highest(), lowest(), ema(), and sma() custom functions overwriting Pine built-ins, some of which are audaciously used in ternary. "IF" you are planning to use Pine Script v4.0 functions in ternary, be forewarned, they WILL NOT operate as expected in most scenarios. The reason why I legitimately used them here in ternary is because they are ONLY manually controlled by an input(). If these were dynamically controlled with bar-to-bar dynamic conditional logic, you would most certainly run into serious unexpected programming issues, potentially resulting in hours of frustrations and guaranteed loss of hair. That's my lesson for this release, so never ever forget this when utilizing the full potential of the "Power of Pine". For more information concerning these potential dilemmas, please consult "Execution of Pine functions and historical context inside function blocks" in the "Pine Script v4 User Manual".
Features List Includes:
Dark Background - Easily disabled in indicator Settings->Style for "Light" charts or with Pine commenting
AND much, much more... You have the source!
The comments section below is solely just for commenting and other remarks, ideas, compliments, etc... regarding only this indicator, not others. When available time provides itself, I will consider your inquiries, thoughts, and concepts presented below in the comments section, should you have any questions or comments regarding this indicator. When my indicators achieve more prevalent use by TV members, I may implement more ideas when they present themselves as worthy additions. As always, "Like" it if you simply just like it with a proper thumbs up, and also return to my scripts list occasionally for additional postings. Have a profitable future everyone!
Engulfing Candles DetectorHello traders
Credit to HPotter for that script
I took his script and added alerts to it. 2 lines lol
But anyway, useful to detect reversals by coloring bullish/bearish engulfing candles :)
Enjoy
David
PivotBoss Doji Reversal SetupPATTERN SUMMARY
1. The open and close price of the doji should fall within 10 percent of each other, as measured by the total range
of the candlestick.
2. For a bullish doji, the high of the doji candlestick should be below the ten-period simple moving average (H <
SMA(lO)).
3. For a bearish doji, the low of the doji candlestick should be above the ten-period simple moving average (L >
SMA(lO)).
4. For a bearish doji, one of the two bars following the doji must close beneath the low of the doji (C < L or C <
L ).
5. For a bullish doji setup, one of the two bars following the doji must close above the high of the doji (C > H )
or C > H )
PATTERN PSYCHOLOGY
The doji candlestick is the epitome of indecision. The pattern illustrates a virtual stalemate between buyers
and sellers, which means the existing trend may be on the verge of a reversal. If buyers have been controlling a
bullish advance over a period of time, you will typically see full-bodied candlesticks that personify the bullish
nature of the move. However, if a doji candlestick suddenly appears, the indication is that buyers are suddenly
not as confident in upside price potential as they once were. This is clearly a point of indecision, as buyers are no
longer pushing price to higher valuation, and have allowed sellers to battle them to a draw-at least for this one
candlestick. This leads to profit taking, as buyers begin to sell their profitable long positions, which is heightened
by responsive sellers entering the market due to perceived overvaluation. This "double whammy" of selling
pressure essentially pushes price lower, as responsive sellers take control of the market and push price back
toward fair value.
RSI+ with Bollinger BandsRelative Strenght Index + SMA on RSI + Bollinger Bands on it - very good solution to see reversals and see lows and highs.
Use different timeframe.
StdDev is 2.17 by default to get 97% probability.
RSI + SMA с наложенными Bollinger Bands - прекрасное решение для поиска разворотных точек и аномального поведения цены.
Используйте разные таймфреймы одновременно.
StdDev = 2.17 по умолчанию для обеспечения попадания в диапазон в 97% случаев.
B3 Donchian CloudsThis is the Donchian Channel expressed with a percentage cloud. Default 12.5% of the range will be filled at each edge, this helps to show reversal possibilities as price returns to the area between the clouds. This offers a usage to essentially fade the turtle trader system. That system is loosely based on the playing of the breakouts of the the channel... as you can see the that last turtle trade long in YM1! was and is off the charts awesome. I will look for the fall out of the cloud to short the market.
B3 ECOBlau's Ergodic Candlestick Oscillator = a decent trend finder, however slightly lagged. It can help you to see a reversal entry if you are looking for one. I find the one line ECO hard to use, so I have created this histogram version with a signal line. The colors help to show you whats going on with the ECO and its bias. This indicator shows up in a couple books by people other than Blau, and namely by Krausz. You can also see divergences, for example in pic above the lower or second of the two green humps showing that the general uptrend might be weakened as this run contained less momentum. Tighten up the signal line to see a faster change in its color. These settings are the B3 input settings for default, meaning the ones I use in trading. They are not however the default values you might read about other places.
Volume ReversalsThe "Volume Reversals" indicator is a trading tool designed to identify potential buy and sell signals based on volume patterns.
Features
Filter Signals : Traders can enable or disable additional filtering of signals, which refines the conditions under which buy and sell labels are displayed.
Buy and Sell Labels: The indicator dynamically places labels on the chart to signify buy ("▲+") and sell ("▼+") opportunities. Buy labels appear at low points of bars with a green upward-pointing arrow, while sell labels appear at high points with a red downward-pointing arrow.
Customizable Alerts: Users can set alerts for buy and sell signals, receiving notifications when conditions match predefined patterns.
Logic Explained
Volume Comparison: The script examines a sequence of the last five volume bars to detect increasing or decreasing trends.
Price Action Analysis: Each volume bar is paired with a corresponding price action (bullish or bearish) from the same period.
Signal Conditions: A signal is generated under two scenarios:
Normal Conditions: Sequential increase/decrease in volume over three bars accompanied by bearish/bullish price action, followed by a dip in volume with a bullish/bearish bar.
Filtered Conditions (if filter is active): Requires all last four bars to be bearish/bullish, the most recent bar's volume to be less than the immediate previous, and then exceeds the volume two bars prior, closing bullish/bearish.
This indicator is suited for various assets and timeframes, especially in markets where volume plays a significant role in price dynamics.
Catching Trend Reversals by shorting tops and buying bottomsHOLP (High of the low period) and LOHP (Low of the high period)
Catching Trend Reversals by shorting tops and buying bottoms
using this Swing High/Low Indicator
Trading Strategy comes from Mastering the Trade, by John Carter pg 300.
Trading Rules for Sells, Buys are reversed
1. Identifying a trending market, where today's price is making a 20-day high (17-18 day highs are also fine)
Note this is configurable by setting the trending period variable (defaults to 20)
For example if price is making a 20 period high or 20 period low, it will show a triangle up/down above the candle.
2. Identify the high bar in the uptrend
3. Go short once the price action closes below the low of this high bar
4. The initial stop is the high of the high bar.
5. If you are in the trade on the third day or period, use a 2 bar trailing stop.
You can check 2-bar trailing stop to draw the line, defaults to off.
Stop is indicated by the white dot.
Code Converted from TradeStation EasyLanguage
I can't find the original source anymore for the swing high/low plots, but if someone knows,
let me know and I'll credit here.
MTF ATR Levels by makuchakuKnowing how big a range one is operating in (from a higher time frame perspective) is very important to understand where the reversals could potentially come from.
This indicator uses the closing price of previous HTF candle and plots its ATR range - and several levels on top of it.
+/- 75%
+/- 100%
+/- 150%
+/- 200%
+/- 300%
Auto-Dispersion BandsIntroduction
A really old indicator as well, thus i have no much ideas of what is going on with it, but i know that those bands returns good reversals points. The indicator don't use standard deviation, instead its a simple differencing of the price and the price length bars back who will provide a dispersion measurement, thus the name auto-dispersion.
The Indicator
The smooth parameter allow the band to cross the price, if smooth is low the chance of crosses are lower.
smooth = 3
Keltner Channel with auto highlighting of Bear/Bull reversals*** New version @ ****
All options configurable.
Reversals are marked using crosses. as well as highlighted using green/red color (depending on bull/bear). Enjoy!
Three Bar ReversalThis script was written to make it easier to discover three bar reversal patterns.
A three bar reversal occurs when these conditions are met:
Long Setup (Reversal Up)
1. Bar 1 closes down
2. Low of Bar 2 is below the low of Bar 1 and Bar 3
3. Bar 3 closes above the high of both Bar 1 and Bar 2
Short Setup (Reversal Down)
1. Bar 1 closes up
2. High of Bar 2 is above the high of Bar 1 and Bar 3
3. Bar 3 closes below the low of both Bar 1 and Bar 2
When this indicator is added to your chart, you will see "Reversal Up" or "Reversal Down" when one of the above conditions are met.
It is recommended to use the 1 minute time frame for short scalps and 5 minute time frame for longer held day trade positions.
This indicator also has an alert option.
To enable an alert:
1. Create a new alert
2. Set condition "Reversal" and "Any alert() function call"
3. Give the alert a unique name
It is good to have an alert for different tickers and different time frames!
When the alert is triggered, you will receive a message:
Reversal up on: ticker-ID-here
or
Reversal down on: ticker-ID-here
Never miss a trade setup again!
SuperTrend Enhanced Pivot Reversal - Strategy [PresentTrading]
- Introduction and How it is Different
The SuperTrend Enhanced Pivot Reversal is a unique approach to trading that combines the best of two worlds: the precision of pivot reversal points and the trend-following power of the SuperTrend indicator. This strategy is designed to provide traders with clear entry and exit points, while also filtering out potentially false signals using the SuperTrend indicator.
BTCUSDT 6hr
ETHBTC 6hr
Unlike traditional pivot reversal strategies, this approach uses the SuperTrend indicator as a filter. This means that it only takes trades that align with the overall trend, as determined by the SuperTrend indicator. This can help to reduce the number of false signals and improve the overall profitability of the strategy.
The Pivot Reversal Strategy with SuperTrend Filter is particularly well-suited to the cryptocurrency market for the reason of High Volatility. This means that prices can change rapidly in a very short time, making it possible to make a profit quickly. The strategy's use of pivot points allows traders to take advantage of these rapid price changes by identifying potential reversal points
- Strategy: How it Works
The strategy works by identifying pivot reversal points, which are points in the price chart where the price is likely to reverse. These points are identified using a combination of the ta.pivothigh and ta.pivotlow functions, which find the highest and lowest points in the price chart over a certain period.
Once a pivot reversal point is identified, the strategy checks the direction of the SuperTrend indicator. If the SuperTrend is positive (indicating an uptrend), the strategy will only take long trades. If the SuperTrend is negative (indicating a downtrend), the strategy will only take short trades.
The strategy also includes a stop loss level, which is set as a percentage of the entry price. This helps to limit potential losses if the price moves in the opposite direction to the trade.
- Trade Direction
The trade direction can be set to "Long", "Short", or "Both". This allows the trader to choose whether they want to take only long trades (buying low and selling high), only short trades (selling high and buying low), or both. This can be useful depending on the trader's view of the market and their risk tolerance.
- Usage
To use the Pivot Reversal Strategy with SuperTrend Filter, simply input the desired parameters into the script and apply it to the price chart of the asset you wish to trade. The strategy will then identify potential trade entry and exit points, which will be displayed on the price chart.
- Default Settings
The default settings for the strategy are as follows:
ATR Length: 5
Factor: 2.618
Trade Direction: Both
Stop Loss Level: 20%
Commission: 0.1%
Slippage: 1
Currency: USD
Each trade: 10% of account equity
Initial capital: $10,000
These settings can be adjusted to suit the trader's preferences and risk tolerance. Always remember to test any changes to the settings using historical data before applying them to live trades.
PivotBoss Outside Reversal SetupPATTERN SUMMARY
1. The engulfing bar of a bullish outside reversal setup has a low that is below the prior bar's low (L < L ) and a
close that is above the prior bar's high (C > H ).
2. The engulfing bar of a bearish outside reversal setup has a high that is above the prior bar's high (H > H )
and a close that is below the prior bar's low (C < L ).
3. The engulfing bar is usually 5 to 25 percent larger than the size of the average bar in the lookback period.
PATTERN PSYCHOLOGY
The power behind this pattern lies in the psychology behind the traders involved in this setup. If you have
ever participated in a breakout at support or resistance only to have the market reverse sharply against you, then
you are familiar with the market dynamics of this setup. What exactly is going on at these levels? To understand
this concept is to understand the outside reversal pattern. Basically, market participants are testing the waters
above resistance or below support to make sure there is no new business to be done at these levels. When no
initiative buyers or sellers participate in range extension, responsive participants have all the information they
need to reverse price back toward a new area of perceived value.
As you look at a bullish outside reversal pattern, you will notice that the current bar's low is lower than the
prior bar's low. Essentially, the market is testing the waters below recently established lows to see if a downside
follow-through will occur. When no additional selling pressure enters the market, the result is a flood of buying
pressure that causes a springboard effect, thereby shooting price above the prior bar's highs and creating the
beginning of a bullish advance.
If you recall the child on the trampoline for a moment, you'll realize that the child had to force the bounce
mat down before he could spring into the air. Also, remember Jennifer the cake baker? She initially pushed price
to $20 per cake, which sent a flood of orders into her shop. The flood of buying pressure eventually sent the price
of her cakes to $35 apiece. Basically, price had to test the $20 level before it could rise to $35.
Let's analyze the outside reversal setup in a different light for a moment. One of the reasons I like this setup
is because the two-bar pattern reduces into the wick reversal setup, which we covered earlier in the chapter. If
you are not familiar with candlestick reduction, the idea is simple. You are taking the price data over two or more
candlesticks and combining them to create a single candlestick. Therefore, you will be taking the open, high, low,
and close prices of the bars in question to create a single composite candlestick.
Take a look at Figure 2.13, which illustrates the candlestick reduction of the outside reversal setup.
Essentially, taking the highest high and the lowest low over the two-bar period gives you the range of the
composite candlestick. Then, taking the opening price of the first candle and the closing price of the last candle
will finish off the composite candlestick. Depending on the structure of the bars of the outside reversal setup, the
result of the candlestick reduction will usually be the transformation into a wick reversal setup, which we know to
be quite powerful. Therefore, in many cases the physiology of the outside reversal pattern basically demonstrates
the inherent psychological traits of the wick reversal pattern. This is just another level of analysis that reinforces
my belief in the outside reversal setup.