Volume Spread Candle█ Overview
Volume Spread Candle is a Solid tool for VSA (Volume Spread Analysis).
█ Setting
please put on VSCandle above the candle chart.
█ Features
Candle color reflect volume size.
Back ground color reflect Spread size.
Warning Volume is relatively large volume compared to the Volume flow (up volume MA - down volume MA).
Yellow square mark appears when Warning volume.
Volume Density is Volume / Spread.
Yellow circle mark appears when large Volume Density.
█ Usage
Abnormal Volume and Spread hint what about to happen.
VSA
Wyckoff Smart Money Pro [MTF]Wyckoff Smart Money Pro detects trading ranges, phases, and events from the Wyckoff method and confirms them with VSA (Volume Spread Analysis), divergence checks, and a composite “smart money” strength index. It generates optional buy/sell signals only when multiple conditions align (phase, VSA, CO strength, effort vs. result, time/volume filters). The dashboard, POC/Value Area, and MTF backdrop help you manage context and risk in real time.
What this indicator does
Wyckoff Smart Money Pro is a multi-timeframe Wyckoff tool that:
⦁ Finds accumulation/distribution ranges and tracks Phases A–E.
⦁ Labels Wyckoff events (PS, SC, AR, ST, Spring/Test, SOS, LPS, UTAD, SOW, LPSY, TS…) and VSA patterns (No Demand/Supply, Stopping Volume, Upthrust, etc.).
⦁ Computes a Composite Operator (CO) Strength score from price/volume behavior to approximate “smart money” bias.
⦁ Adds divergence, effort vs. result, and a volume profile (POC & 70% value area) inside the detected range.
⦁ Provides buy/sell signals only when a configurable confluence is present (events + VSA + CO + EVR + phase + filters).
⦁ Supports MTF context (with a safe HTF resolver and fallbacks) and an Info Dashboard to summarize the current state.
It is designed to make the Wyckoff workflow visual and rules-based without promising results or automating decisions.
How it works (methods & calculations)
1) Range & Phase model
⦁ A sliding lookback searches for a valid range (recent highest high/lowest low), requiring width within 2–10× ATR(14) and a minimum bar count inside the bounds.
⦁ Once a range is active, the script derives Creek/Ice/Mid/Quartiles and classifies bars into Wyckoff Phases A–E using event recency (barssince) and where price sits relative to the range.
⦁ The background color reflects the current Phase; optional MTF events (from the chosen HTF) tint the background lightly for higher-timeframe context.
2) Wyckoff & VSA event engine
⦁ Events include PS, SC, AR, ST, Spring, Test, SOS, LPS, PSY, BC, UTAD, SOW, LPSY, TS, plus minor/multiple variants and Creek/Ice jumps.
⦁ VSA patterns detect No Demand/No Supply, Stopping Volume, Buying/Selling Climax, Upthrust/Pseudo Upthrust, Bag Holding, Shake-Out, Volume Dry-Up, etc., from spread vs. average spread and volume vs. average volume with tunable thresholds.
3) Smart-money (CO) Strength
⦁ CO Strength (0–100) blends: relative volume on up/down bars, professional accumulation/distribution, no-supply/no-demand, stopping volume, Springs/UTADs and Tests, SOS/SOW, price’s position inside the range, and volume-delta vs. its MA.
⦁ Persistent accumCount / distCount counters smooth temporary noise.
4) Divergence & Effort-vs-Result
⦁ Price vs. cum volume-delta divergence highlights weakening pushes.
⦁ EVR flags “High effort / no result” and potential Bullish/Bearish reversals, or “Low effort / high result” moves that are often unsustainable.
5) Volume Profile (inside range)
⦁ A 50-bin profile accumulates volume across the detected range to derive POC, VAH/VAL (70% value area). Lines update as the active range evolves.
6) Multi-Timeframe (MTF) safety
⦁ getHTF() converts your multiplier to a valid Pine timeframe string (e.g., 60, 240, 2D, 1W), and the script falls back to current timeframe values if an HTF request returns na.
⦁ If you enter a Custom HTF, it must be strictly higher than the chart’s timeframe (validated at runtime).
7) Signals & risk model
⦁ Signals are not tied to any single pattern. A buy may require Spring/Test/Shake-out/Creek Jump or SOS plus confirmation (VSA, CO>60, Phase C/D, divergence/EVR context).
⦁ Sell is symmetrical (UTAD/Failed Spring/SOW/Ice Jump + VSA + CO<40 + Phase C/D).
⦁ Minimum confidence is configurable; SL/TP and R:R lines are drawn from range edges or recent bar extremes.
⦁ Filters: trading hours, weekend avoidance, and a minimum volume threshold (relative to average) are available to suppress low-quality contexts.
⦁ Alerts include all major events, divergences, structure/phase changes, and the gated Buy/Sell signals (with a cooldown to reduce alert spam).
Inputs (key ones you’ll actually use)
⦁ Display Settings: toggle ranges, phases, events, VSA, signals, dashboard.
⦁ MTF: Enable HTF, set Multiplier or a Custom HTF (must be higher than current).
⦁ Range Detection: period / min bars / pivot strength.
⦁ VSA: volume sensitivity & climax multiplier.
⦁ Signal Settings: minimum confidence, risk/reward labels.
⦁ Advanced Filters: trading hours, weekend avoidance, and Min Volume Filter (× avg).
⦁ Colors: phase backgrounds, structure colors, and line styling.
How to use (practical flow)
1. Choose a symbol & timeframe you normally analyze (e.g., 5–60m for entries, 4H/D for context).
2. If using MTF, pick a multiplier (e.g., 5×) or a Custom HTF (e.g., 240/4H).
3. Wait for a range to form; watch Phase and CO Strength on the Dashboard.
4. When events (e.g., Spring/Test in Phase C or UTAD in distribution) appear with favorable VSA, CO, EVR, and volume/time filters, consider the signal and review R:R lines.
5. Use POC/VA and Creek/Ice/Mid as structure references; manage risk around the range edge that generated the setup.
On-chart legend (what the letters mean)
Wyckoff events (labels)
⦁ PS Preliminary Support, SC Selling Climax, AR Automatic Rally, ST Secondary Test
⦁ Spring Spring; Test Test of Spring
⦁ SOS Sign of Strength; LPS Last Point of Support
⦁ PSY Preliminary Supply, BC Buying Climax
⦁ UTAD Upthrust After Distribution; SOW Sign of Weakness; LPSY Last Point of Supply
⦁ TS Terminal Shakeout; MS Multiple Spring
⦁ CJ Creek Jump; IJ Ice Jump
⦁ mSOS / mSOW Minor Sign of Strength/Weakness
VSA patterns (tiny labels)
⦁ ND No Demand, NS No Supply, SV Stopping Volume, BC/SC Buying/Selling Climax
⦁ PA/PD Professional Accumulation/Distribution, BH Bag Holding, DU Volume Dry-Up
⦁ SO Shake-Out, TS Test for Supply (VSA test), UT Upthrust, PUT Pseudo Upthrust
Other visuals
⦁ Range box with Creek (upper third), Ice (lower third), Mid, Quartiles
⦁ POC/VAH/VAL: yellow solid (POC), purple dotted (value area)
⦁ VWAP and Dynamic S/R (stepline)
⦁ Green/Red triangles: gated Buy/Sell signals (only if min confidence & filters are met)
⦁ Risk label near the triangle: confidence /10 and R:R
Alerts included
⦁ Core events (Spring/Test/UTAD/SOS/SOW/TS), secondary events (SC/AR/BC/LPS/LPSY), VSA patterns, EVR states, Hidden Accumulation/Distribution, HTF events, Divergences, Phase/Structure changes, and the constrained Buy/Sell signals with a cooldown.
Notes, limits & best practices
⦁ This is not a buy/sell system; it’s a context & confirmation tool. Combine with your plan, risk limits, and execution criteria.
⦁ Long, illiquid, or news-driven bars can distort volume/spread logic; filters help but cannot eliminate this.
⦁ For MTF, if an exchange doesn’t support a specific HTF, the script falls back safely to current TF values to avoid na-propagation.
⦁ Dashboard rows/size/position are user-configurable to keep charts uncluttered.
Changelog (what’s new in this version)
⦁ MTF safety & validation (Custom HTF must be above current; graceful fallbacks for request.security() na results).
⦁ Performance caching for close position & up/down bar flags; drawing cleanup to stay under label/line limits.
⦁ Volume Profile upgraded to 50 bins; VA algorithm adjusted accordingly.
⦁ Signal gating with time/day/volume filters and alert cooldown to reduce noise.
⦁ Bug guards for parameter conflicts (e.g., rangeMinBars cannot exceed rangePeriod).
Disclaimer
This script is for educational and research purposes only and does not constitute financial advice or a recommendation to buy or sell any asset. Market risk is real; always test on a demo and trade at your own discretion.
Deep in the Tape – VSA (Invite Only)Deep in the Tape – VSA (Invite-Only)
Overview
This invite-only study is built entirely on the Volume Spread Analysis (VSA) methodology developed by Tom Williams. VSA examines the interplay of volume, spread (bar range), and close position to highlight the footprints of professional activity.
The aim of this tool is educational: to make it easier for traders to study how supply and demand pressures appear on the chart in real time. It does not generate trading advice, but instead plots markers based on classical VSA principles so students of the method can recognize strength, weakness, confirmations, and traps without the cryptic complexity often found in raw VSA study.
What It Displays
Key VSA Events (visual markers on the chart):
Stopping Volume (SV): Wide down bars with climactic volume closing off the lows.
Selling Climax (SC): Exhaustion selling at the end of a decline, often near bottoms.
Shakeout (SO): A sharp push down that springs back to close strong.
No Supply (NS): Narrow down bar on low volume, showing lack of selling pressure.
No Demand (ND): Narrow up bar on low volume, showing lack of buying interest.
Supply Coming In: Volume surge after an up-move, suggesting sellers active.
Buying Climax (BC): Wide up bar with climactic volume and weakness into the close.
Upthrust (UT): False break above prior highs with a weak close.
End of Rising Market (EoRM): Narrow up bar on very high volume, closing weak, often signaling distribution.
Test Bar: Down bar on very low volume in an uptrend, testing for lack of supply.
Contextual Tools:
Trigger Levels: High/low of ultra-high volume bars projected forward, serving as natural support/resistance levels.
Cluster Zones: Optional shading to mark zones of repeated high-volume activity (potential accumulation/distribution).
Background MA: A simple moving average for context only — not a signal generator.
Interpreting the Markers (Tom Williams Style)
Bullish Background (professional strength):
Events: Stopping Volume, Selling Climax, Shakeout, No Supply.
Best studied when price is trading above trigger levels and above the MA, showing demand in control.
Bearish Background (professional weakness):
Events: Buying Climax, Upthrust, Supply Coming In, End of Rising Market.
Best studied when price is below trigger levels and below the MA, showing supply dominance.
Failures (Educational Study Only)
Not all setups confirm. In VSA, Tests sometimes fail, and No Demand or No Supply bars can be absorbed. These are marked as Failure markers.
Their purpose is purely educational:
To show where expectations do not play out.
To help students see how traps or absorptions form.
To illustrate Tom Williams’ lesson that the market is a testing ground — not a perfect pattern machine.
How to Use It
Study Background Activity: Watch for climactic volume and projected trigger levels.
Look for Response: After signs of strength (SC, SV, SO, NS), seek confirming Tests or NS bars. After signs of weakness (UT, BC, Supply Coming In), look for ND or UT confirmation.
Apply Context: Confirm whether price is above/below triggers and the MA to judge whether demand or supply has the upper hand.
Learn from Failures: Pay attention to failures as they show where expectations break down — some of the most valuable lessons in VSA.
Observe Clusters: Use cluster zones to study where professional activity tends to re-appear.
Why It’s Original
Built directly from Tom Williams’ VSA logic — spread, volume relative to average, wick size, close location, and background context.
Adds projected trigger levels and cluster zones for educational context.
Designed for clarity and study, removing unnecessary complexity while staying faithful to VSA principles.
This is not a mash-up of other scripts or public code; it’s a purpose-built framework for studying supply and demand dynamics.
Disclaimer
This script is for educational and analytical purposes only.
It does not generate buy/sell/alert signals, nor does it provide financial advice. Always perform your own analysis and risk management before making trading decisions.
Volume Spread Analysis — Educational (VSA Study)Volume Spread Analysis — Educational (VSA Study)
Overview
This indicator is an educational tool based on classic Volume Spread Analysis (VSA), a methodology pioneered by Tom Williams. VSA studies the relationship between volume, price spread, and closing position to highlight the possible footprints of professional buying and selling.
The purpose of this study is to make the core VSA events visible on the chart, so traders can learn how to recognize them in real time. It does not provide signals, alerts, or advice — it is designed purely for market education and visual study.
What It Displays
The script plots key VSA events as shapes on the chart:
Stopping Volume (SV): Wide down bar, ultra-high volume, closing off the lows.
Selling Climax (SC): Climactic selling into the lows, often at market bottoms.
Shakeout (SO): Sharp down bar that springs back and closes strong.
No Supply (NS): Narrow down bar on very low volume, showing lack of selling.
No Demand (ND): Narrow up bar on low volume, showing lack of buying interest.
Buying Climax (BC): Wide up bar with climactic volume, closing weak.
Upthrust (UT): False breakout above resistance that closes weak.
Supply Coming In: Signs of supply entering after an up-move.
End of Rising Market (EoRM): Narrow up bar with very high volume and weak close.
Test Bar: Low-volume down bar closing strong, testing for supply.
How It Works
Each event is identified by comparing:
Volume against its moving average.
Spread (bar range) against the average spread.
Closing position within the bar.
Wick structure (upper/lower shadow).
Trend context (short-term moving averages).
By combining these elements, the script highlights conditions that match classical VSA patterns.
An optional moving average can be enabled for background context — this is not a signal, only a visual guide to see whether price is trading above or below a simple average.
How to Use It (Educational)
As Tom Williams taught, VSA is about reading the background:
Signs of Strength: Look for Stopping Volume, Selling Climax, Shakeouts, and No Supply bars. These often appear after weakness and suggest buyers are stepping in.
Signs of Weakness: Watch for Buying Climaxes, Upthrusts, Supply Coming In, and End of Rising Market patterns. These often appear after strength and suggest sellers are active.
Context Matters:
Strength is best studied when price is above the moving average and holding above trigger zones.
Weakness is best studied when price is below the average and struggling under resistance.
Tests & No Demand: These confirm whether supply or demand is still present. A successful Test (low volume down bar, closing strong) often follows strength, while No Demand confirms weakness.
This script is not about trade entries — it is a learning tool to help traders visually study professional activity and market phases.
Originality
This is not a mash-up of public code. It is a purpose-built educational implementation of VSA logic, written from scratch. It maps directly to classical definitions of strength, weakness, tests, and climaxes, making the concepts easier to recognize without requiring traders to interpret raw formulas.
Disclaimer
This indicator is for educational and analytical purposes only.
It does not generate trading signals, alerts, or financial advice.
Always do your own research and risk management when trading.
VSA Super Candles
🎯 Overview
This Pine Script was developed for VSA (Volume Spread Analysis) with a well-defined hierarchical priority system. The code identifies different types of market events based on volume, spread, and price behavior, painting candles with specific colors according to their importance.
🏗️ System Architecture
Priority System (Hierarchical)
🔴 Climatic Event (Red) - Maximum Priority
🟠 Big Boss (Orange) - Second Priority
🟣 Compression (Purple) - Third Priority
⚫ Normal (Gray) - Lowest Priority
📊 Event Types
🔴 Climatic Event (Red)
Characteristics:
Ultra-high volume (default: 310% of average)
Wide spread (above configured threshold)
"Wrong" close (opposite to bar direction)
Specific conditions:
Up bar that closes at low (Selling Climax)
Down bar that closes at high (Buying Climax)
VSA Concept: Represents extreme exhaustion of one side of the market, usually marking important reversal points.
🟠 Big Boss (Orange)
Characteristics:
Ultra-high volume (default: 250% of average)
Significant price displacement
Wide spread with real movement of candle body
Activated only when there's no Climatic Event
VSA Concept: Massive volume generating real displacement, indicating entry/exit of large players.
🟣 Compression (Purple)
Characteristics:
Average volume (between normal and high)
Signs of exhaustion or reversal
Differential: Horizontal volume analysis
Activation conditions:
Upthrust (higher high, closes down)
Minor selling climax (lower low, closes up)
Horizontal volume spike + average volume
VSA Concept: Support/resistance test with controlled volume, frequently precedes important movements.
⚫ Normal (Gray)
Characteristics:
Normal volume (default: 50% of average)
Normal displacement or automatic price exhaustion
Auto-activation: Detects exhaustion even with normal volume
🛠️ Technical Components
Storage Buffers
var bool buffer_climatico = array.new_bool()
var bool buffer_big_boss = array.new_bool()
var bool buffer_comprimido = array.new_bool()
var bool buffer_normal = array.new_bool()
Store event history
Limited to 100 values for optimization
Allow posterior statistical analysis
Horizontal Volume Analysis
Compares current volume with average of last 5 bars
Configurable multiplier factor (default: 1.5x)
Impact: Increases probability of identifying compressions
Automatic Exhaustion System
Up Exhaustion: Higher high + close lower than previous
Down Exhaustion: Lower low + close higher than previous
Works independently of volume
⚙️ Configurable Parameters
Parameter Default Description
Volume Average Length 60 Period for volume average
% Climatic Event 310% Threshold for climatic volume
% Big Boss 250% Threshold for Big Boss volume
% Normal Volume 50% Threshold for normal volume
Spread Threshold 0.7 Multiplier for wide spread
Close Position Threshold 0.3 Limit for "edge closes"
Horizontal Volume Factor 1.5 Multiplier for horizontal spike
📍 Visual Markers
Chart Symbols
🔴 Climatic Event: Red circles above/below bars
🟠 Big Boss: Orange circles indicating direction
⬆⬇ Compression: Purple arrows for reversals
H Horizontal Compression: Marks differentiated horizontal volume
Statistics Table
Position: Top right corner
Content:
Count of each event type (last 50 bars)
Current volume vs. average ratio
Update: Real-time on last bar
🎨 Color System
final_color = evento_climatico ? color.red :
big_boss ? color.orange :
comprimido ? color.purple :
vela_normal ? color.gray :
color.gray
Logic: The first true condition defines the color, respecting priorities.
🔄 Execution Flow
Basic Calculations: Average volume, spread, close position
Horizontal Analysis: Comparison with previous bars
Exhaustion Detection: Identification of reversal patterns
Priority Application: Sequential evaluation (Climatic → Normal)
Storage: Buffer updates
Visualization: Bar coloring and markers
📈 Implemented Improvements
Code Organization
Detailed comments in each section
Descriptive variable names
Clear and sequential IF/ELSE logic
Separation by functionality
Performance
Buffers with automatic cleanup
Optimized calculations
Limited history control
Advanced VSA Functionality
Hierarchical priority system
Horizontal volume analysis
Automatic exhaustion detection
Multiple types of climatic events
Usability
Configurable parameters
Real-time visual feedback
Performance statistics
Intuitive markers
🎓 Applied VSA Concepts
Volume Spread Analysis
Principle: Relationship between Volume, Spread, and Close reveals market intentions
Implementation: Each event type represents a specific VSA scenario
Smart Money vs. Retail
Climatic Event: Retail exhaustion, Smart Money entry
Big Boss: Direct Smart Money movement
Compression: Controlled testing/accumulation
Wyckoff Method
Absorption: Identified in compressions
Distribution/Accumulation: In climatic events
Mark-up/Mark-down: In Big Boss events
🚀 How to Use
Add the script to your TradingView chart
Configure parameters according to your timeframe and asset
Observe bar colors to identify events
Use markers for additional confirmation
Monitor the table for real-time statistics
📝 Important Notes
Script strictly respects priority hierarchy
Higher priority events always prevail
Horizontal analysis differentiates special compressions
Automatic exhaustion system captures subtle reversals
Performance optimized for real-time use
🔧 Installation
Open TradingView Pine Editor
Copy and paste the complete script
Click "Add to Chart"
Adjust parameters in the settings panel
Save to your indicator library
📊 Trading Applications
Entry Signals
Climatic Events: Look for reversal confirmations
Big Boss: Follow the displacement direction
Compression: Watch for breakouts after testing
Risk Management
Use event hierarchy to gauge market strength
Higher priority events suggest stronger moves
Normal events may indicate consolidation periods
Market Context
Trending Markets: Big Boss events show continuation
Range-bound Markets: Compressions at key levels
Reversal Points: Climatic events at extremes
🤝 Contributing
This script follows VSA principles and can be enhanced with:
Additional timeframe analysis
Alert system for key events
Backtesting capabilities
Custom color schemes
Version: Pine Script v6
Compatibility: TradingView
Author: Victor Eduardo Americo
[AlbaTherium] Wabi-Sabi Wyckoff Flow Structure Map MTF[1.0.42] Wabi-Sabi Wyckoff Flow Structure Map
Master the Hidden Geometry of Market Campaigns – Accumulation, Distribution, and the Laws That Govern Them
Introduction
The Wabi-Sabi Wyckoff Flow Structure Map is a software-engineered analytical framework that visualizes the flow of institutional market behavior through the lens of the Wyckoff Method. This tool automates the detection of trading ranges, maps the phases of accumulation/distribution, and extrapolates price objectives .
The Wabi-Sabi Wyckoff Flow Structure Map is a meticulous implementation of the principles of Richard D. Wyckoff , interpreted through the lens of market structure and volume dynamics. This tool aims to identify, contextualize, and map out accumulation and distribution zones by interpreting the composite operator's intended path in financial markets.
It is not merely an indicator-it is a structural compass, guiding you through the architecture of smart money campaigns.
Chapter 1: The Architecture of Market Campaigns
1.1 From Noise to Narrative
Markets do not move randomly. They are orchestrated campaigns-methodically executed by informed operators. The identifies these campaigns as they unfold across:
Accumulation
Markup
Distribution
Markdown
Each is grounded in Wyckoff’s structural logic and revealed in real time.
1.2 Who Is the Composite Operator, Composite Man?
The Composite Operator (CO), Composite Man (CM) represents dominant market participants-institutions with the capacity to engineer price movement. By dissecting trading ranges, the script deciphers their behavior through:
Event-based mapping (SC, ST, Spring, AR, UTAD, etc.)
Phase progression (Phase A to E)
PnF-based directional forecasting
The CO leaves footprints. This script reads them.
Chapter 2: Wyckoff’s Core Laws, Brought to Life
2.1 The Law of Supply and Demand
Every price bar reflects this law. The tool highlights where supply is absorbed and demand emerges, revealing the true balance of power behind the chart.
2.2 The Law of Cause and Effect
Accumulation and distribution ranges are not noise-they are preparation. By measuring their width, the script calculates PnF-based targets for the post-breakout phase, offering traders quantified projections rooted in structure.
2.3 The Law of Effort vs. Result
Effort = volume.
Result = price movement.
Discrepancies between the two-expose market turning points.
This script captures those moments within Wyckoff's structural context, not isolated volume spikes.
Chapter 3: Real-Time Interpretation of Trading Ranges
3.1 Automatic Schematic Mapping
The tool auto-generates Wyckoff structures:
Detects and maps Trading Ranges dynamically
Labels Wyckoff events (SC, ST, AR, Spring, UT, LPS, etc.)
Identifies current phase (Phase B, C, D, E) via real-time bias detection
3.1.1.Core Components
a. Structural Framing
The script autonomously detects the boundaries of a trading range (TR), guided by pivot highs and lows derived from Volume Spread Analysis (VSA) dynamics and price behavior.
b. Automatic Rally (AR) & Selling Climax (SC)
These foundational events are systematically computed and highlighted using volume-weighted price interaction. The Selling Climax defines the lower bound of the TR, while the Automatic Rally sets the resistance zone.
c. Secondary Tests (ST)
The algorithm traces the STs to validate demand/supply balance and the structural integrity of the TR. These are tagged with precision to avoid false positives.
d. Spring / Upthrust Actions
Wyckoffian springs and upthrusts are flagged using deviations below support (spring) or above resistance (upthrust) coupled with volume exhaustion or climax events.
e. Creek & Ice Visualization
Inspired by Wyckoff’s narrative metaphor, the script maps the 'Creek' (High of the Range flow) and 'Ice' (Low of the Range flow), guiding the observer through breakout or breakdown conditions.
f. Sign of Strength (SOS) / Sign of Weakness (SOW)
These turning points are confirmed via expansion in spread and volume. SOS is a bullish confirmation of accumulation resolution, while SOW indicates bearish continuation.
g. LPS & LPSY
The Last Point of Support (LPS) and Last Point of Supply (LPSY) are precisely mapped post-confirmation of breakout or breakdown. Their presence strengthens the bias of the ongoing structural phase.
h. Phase Annotation
Each zone within the TR is annotated based on Wyckoff’s five-phase logic (A to E). This includes climactic action in Phase A, testing in Phase B, spring/UTAD in Phase C, confirmation in Phase D, and exit in Phase E.
3.2 Multi-Timeframe Tracking
Observe the interplay of nested structures across several timeframes. Whether you’re tracking a micro accumulation on 1-min or macro distribution on the 1H, the script integrates both for a full-spectrum view.
3.3 Point-and-Figure Price Targeting
Using Wyckoff’s Law of Cause and Effect, the tool projects price targets based on the range width. Outputs are displayed directly on the chart, aiding in:
Profit-taking zones
Invalidations
R/R planning with structure-based confidence
Chapter 4: Applying Like a Wyckoffian
4.1 Configuration Best Practices
Timeframes: 1–5min for tactical intraday, 15min–4H for swing campaigns
Detection Radius: Control how deep the script searches for structural pivots
Modes: Choose between Delta (volume shifts) and Normal (price formations)
4.2 Dashboard & Event Tracker
The Bias Dashboard displays:
The current dominant phase (e.g. “Phase C Test” or “Late Phase D”)
Key events (AR, ST, Spring, LPS)
Whether current price action supports a continuation or Climax
4.3 Alerts and Customization
Configure alerts to monitor:
New TR detection across up to 6 timeframes
Key structural events like Spring, UTAD, or SOS
Completion of cause zones with target projection triggered
Chapter 5: Use Cases and Strategic Implementation
5.1 Spotting Reversals Before the Breakout
Use the script to:
Enter near Springs (accumulation) or UTADs (distribution)
Identify retests as Last Points of Support/Resistance
Confirm or invalidate breakout attempts using the schematic context
5.2 Confirming Institutional Engagement
Recognize institutional footprints through:
Multiple STs (Testing for supply)
Strong SOS, SOW / LPS combinations
Absence of follow-through = Absorption
The Flow Map helps distinguish retail chase from professional intent.
Conclusion
The Wabi-Sabi Wyckoff Flow Structure Map is an elite market structure decoder for traders who operate on logic, not emotion. Grounded in Wyckoff’s time-tested methodology and enhanced with modern automation, it transforms the invisible structure of price action into a readable, tradeable roadmap.
“Structure precedes movement. Those who read structure, anticipate motion. Those who chase motion, miss the meaning .
”
- A Wyckoffian Principle
This tool is for traders who understand that preparation is where profits are born-not during the move, but before it."
VSA Auto Signals by ZeeshanThis indicator automatically marks VSA signals (ND, NS, UT, SO) on the chart, filters them with trend + ATR logic, and provides a clean dashboard with alerts for quick decision-making.
No Supply No Demand (NSND) – Volume Spread Analysis ToolThis indicator is designed for traders utilizing Volume Spread Analysis (VSA) techniques. It automatically detects potential No Demand (ND) and No Supply (NS) candles based on volume and price behavior, and confirms them using future price action within a user-defined number of lookahead bars.
Confirmed No Demand (ND): Detected when a bullish candle has volume lower than the previous two bars and is followed by weakness (next highs swept, close below).
Confirmed No Supply (NS): Detected when a bearish candle has volume lower than the previous two bars and is followed by strength (next lows swept, close above).
Adjustable lookahead bars parameter to control the confirmation window.
This tool helps identify potential distribution (ND) and accumulation (NS) areas, providing early signs of market turning points based on professional volume logic. The dot appears next to ND or NS.
Most Volume Candle LevelsThe script finds the candlestick with the maximum volume in the specified period (20 bars by default).
Draws levels on high and low of this candlestick.
You can set the color of the lines (yellow by default).
Cycle Theory + Frequency TheoryCycle Theory attempts to predict, through volatility, support/resistance points where the market may reach/reverse a trend. This theory's calculation is based on a reference candle that the user chooses, usually the first candle of the day/week's session. From this point on, if the level is broken upwards or downwards, the 1st Cycle begins with the same distance between the high/low or open/close of the reference candle. From the 2nd Cycle onwards, the size becomes the sum of all the last cycles formed, and so on.
Frequency Theory is similar, but its levels always have the same size as the high/low or open/close of the reference candle.
VPSA-VTDDear Sir/Madam,
I am pleased to present the next iteration of my indicator concept, which, in my opinion, serves as a highly useful tool for analyzing markets using the Volume Spread Analysis (VSA) method or the Wyckoff methodology.
The VPSA (Volume-Price Spread Analysis), the latest version in the family of scripts I’ve developed, appears to perform its task effectively. The combination of visualizing normalized data alongside their significance, achieved through the application of Z-Score standardization, proved to be a sound solution. Therefore, I decided to take it a step further and expand my project with a complementary approach to the existing one.
Theory
At the outset, I want to acknowledge that I’m aware of the existence of other probabilistic models used in financial markets, which may describe these phenomena more accurately. However, in line with Occam's Razor, I aimed to maintain simplicity in the analysis and interpretation of the concepts below. For this reason, I focused on describing the data using the Gaussian distribution.
The data I read from the chart — primarily the closing price, the high-low price difference (spread), and volume — exhibit cyclical patterns. These cycles are described by Wyckoff's methodology, while VSA complements and presents them from a different perspective. I will refrain from explaining these methods in depth due to their complexity and broad scope. What matters is that within these cycles, various events occur, described by candles or bars in distinct ways, characterized by different spreads and volumes. When observing the chart, I notice periods of lower volatility, often accompanied by lower volumes, as well as periods of high volatility and significant volumes. It’s important to find harmony within this apparent chaos. I think that chart interpretation cannot happen without considering the broader context, but the more variables I include in the analytical process, the more challenges arise. For instance, how can I determine if something is large (wide) or small (narrow)? For elements like volume or spread, my script provides a partial answer to this question. Now, let’s get to the point.
Technical Overview
The first technique I applied is Min-Max Normalization. With its help, the script adjusts volume and spread values to a range between 0 and 1. This allows for a comparable bar chart, where a wide bar represents volume, and a narrow one represents spread. Without normalization, visually comparing values that differ by several orders of magnitude would be inconvenient. If the indicator shows that one bar has a unit spread value while another has half that value, it means the first bar is twice as large. The ratio is preserved.
The second technique I used is Z-Score Standardization. This concept is based on the normal distribution, characterized by variables such as the mean and standard deviation, which measures data dispersion around the mean. The Z-Score indicates how many standard deviations a given value deviates from the population mean. The higher the Z-Score, the more the examined object deviates from the mean. If an object has a Z-Score of 3, it falls within 0.1% of the population, making it a rare occurrence or even an anomaly. In the context of chart analysis, such strong deviations are events like climaxes, which often signal the end of a trend, though not always. In my script, I assigned specific colors to frequently occurring Z-Score values:
Below 1 – Blue
Above 1 – Green
Above 2 – Red
Above 3 – Fuchsia
These colors are applied to both spread and volume, allowing for quick visual interpretation of data.
Volume Trend Detector (VTD)
The above forms the foundation of VPSA. However, I have extended the script with a Volume Trend Detector (VTD). The idea is that when I consider market structure - by market structure, I mean the overall chart, support and resistance levels, candles, and patterns typical of spread and volume analysis as well as Wyckoff patterns - I look for price ranges where there is a lack of supply, demand, or clues left behind by Smart Money or the market's enigmatic identity known as the Composite Man. This is essential because, as these clues and behaviors of market participants — expressed through the chart’s dynamics - reflect the actions, decisions, and emotions of all players. These behaviors can help interpret the bull-bear battle and estimate the probability of their next moves, which is one of the key factors for a trader relying on technical analysis to make a trade decision.
I enhanced the script with a Volume Trend Detector, which operates in two modes:
Step-by-Step Logic
The detector identifies expected volume dynamics. For instance, when looking for signs of a lack of bullish interest, I focus on setups with decreasing volatility and volume, particularly for bullish candles. These setups are referred to as No Demand patterns, according to Tom Williams' methodology.
Simple Moving Average (SMA)
The detector can also operate based on a simple moving average, helping to identify systematic trends in declining volume, indicating potential imbalances in market forces.
I’ve designed the program to allow the selection of candle types and volume characteristics to which the script will pay particular attention and notify me of specific market conditions.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages:
Unified visualization of normalized spread and volume, saving time and improving efficiency.
The use of Z-Score as a consistent and repeatable relative mechanism for marking examined values.
The use of colors in visualization as a reference to Z-Score values.
The possibility to set up a continuous alert system that monitors the market in real time.
The use of EMA (Exponential Moving Average) as a moving average for Z-Score.
The goal of these features is to save my time, which is the only truly invaluable resource.
Disadvantages:
The assumption that the data follows a normal distribution, which may lead to inaccurate interpretations.
A fixed analysis period, which may not be perfectly suited to changing market conditions.
The use of EMA as a moving average for Z-Score, listed both as an advantage and a disadvantage depending on market context.
I have included comments within the code to explain the logic behind each part. For those who seek detailed mathematical formulas, I invite you to explore the code itself.
Defining Program Parameters:
Numerical Conditions:
VPSA Period for Analysis – The number of candles analyzed.
Normalized Spread Alert Threshold – The expected normalized spread value; defines how large or small the spread should be, with a range of 0-1.00.
Normalized Volume Alert Threshold – The expected normalized volume value; defines how large or small the volume should be, with a range of 0-1.00.
Spread Z-SCORE Alert Threshold – The Z-SCORE value for the spread; determines how much the spread deviates from the average, with a range of 0-4 (a higher value can be entered, but from a logical standpoint, exceeding 4 is unnecessary).
Volume Z-SCORE Alert Threshold – The Z-SCORE value for volume; determines how much the volume deviates from the average, with a range of 0-4 (the same logical note as above applies).
Logical Conditions:
Logical conditions describe whether the expected value should be less than or equal to or greater than or equal to the numerical condition.
All four parameters accept two possibilities and are analogous to the numerical conditions.
Volume Trend Detector:
Volume Trend Detector Period for Analysis – The analysis period, indicating the number of candles examined.
Method of Trend Determination – The method used to determine the trend. Possible values: Step by Step or SMA.
Trend Direction – The expected trend direction. Possible values: Upward or Downward.
Candle Type – The type of candle taken into account. Possible values: Bullish, Bearish, or Any.
The last available setting is the option to enable a joint alert for VPSA and VTD.
When enabled, VPSA will trigger on the last closed candle, regardless of the VTD analysis period.
Example Use Cases (Labels Visible in the Script Window Indicate Triggered Alerts):
The provided labels in the chart window mark where specific conditions were met and alerts were triggered.
Summary and Reflections
The program I present is a strong tool in the ongoing "game" with the Composite Man.
However, it requires familiarity and understanding of the underlying methodologies to fully utilize its potential.
Of course, like any technical analysis tool, it is not without flaws. There is no indicator that serves as a perfect Grail, accurately signaling Buy or Sell in every case.
I would like to thank those who have read through my thoughts to the end and are willing to take a closer look at my work by using this script.
If you encounter any errors or have suggestions for improvement, please feel free to contact me.
I wish you good health and accurately interpreted market structures, leading to successful trades!
CatTheTrader
Weis Wave Max█ Overview
Weis Wave Max is the result of my weis wave study.
David Weis said,
"Trading with the Weis Wave involves changes in behavior associated with springs, upthrusts, tests of breakouts/breakdowns, and effort vs reward. The most common setup is the low-volume pullback after a bullish/bearish change in behavior."
THE STOCK MARKET UPDATE (February 24, 2013)
I inspired from his sentences and made this script.
Its Main feature is to identify the largest wave in Weis wave and advantageous trading opportunities.
█ Features
This indicator includes several features related to the Weis Wave Method.
They help you analyze which is more bullish or bearish.
Highlight Max Wave Value (single direction)
Highlight Abnormal Max Wave Value (both directions)
Support and Resistance zone
Signals and Setups
█ Usage
Weis wave indicator displays cumulative volume for each wave.
Wave volume is effective when analyzing volume from VSA (Volume Spread Analysis) perspective.
The basic idea of Weis wave is large wave volume hint trend direction. This helps identify proper entry point.
This indicator highlights max wave volume and displays the signal and then proper Risk Reward Ratio entry frame.
I defined Change in Behavior as max wave volume (single direction).
Pullback is next wave that does not exceed the starting point of CiB wave (LH sell entry, HL buy entry).
Change in Behavior Signal ○ appears when pullback is determined.
Change in Behavior Setup (Entry frame) appears when condition of Min/Max Pullback is met and follow through wave breaks end point of CiB wave.
This indicator has many other features and they can also help a user identify potential levels of trade entry and which is more bullish or bearish.
In the screenshot below we can see wave volume zones as support and resistance levels. SOT and large wave volume /delta price (yellow colored wave text frame) hint stopping action.
█ Settings
Explains the main settings.
-- General --
Wave size : Allows the User to select wave size from ① Fixed or ② ATR. ② ATR is Factor x ATR(Length).
Display : Allows the User to select how many wave text and zigzag appear.
-- Wave Type --
Wave type : Allows the User to select from Volume or Volume and Time.
Wave Volume / delta price : Displays Wave Volume / delta price.
Simplified value : Allows the User to select wave text display style from ① Divisor or ② Normalized. Normalized use SMA.
Decimal : Allows the User to select the decimal point in the Wave text.
-- Highlight Abnormal Wave --
Highlight Max Wave value (single direction) : Adds marks to the Wave text to highlight the max wave value.
Lookback : Allows the User to select how many waves search for the max wave value.
Highlight Abnormal Wave value (both directions) : Changes wave text size, color or frame color to highlight the abnormal wave value.
Lookback : Allows the User to select SMA length to decide average wave value.
Large/Small factor : Allows the User to select the threshold large wave value and small wave value. Average wave value is 1.
delta price : Highlights large delta price by large wave text size, small by small text size.
Wave Volume : Highlights large wave volume by yellow colored wave text, small by gray colored.
Wave Volume / delta price : highlights large Wave Volume / delta price by yellow colored wave text frame, small by gray colored.
-- Support and Resistance --
Single side Max Wave Volume / delta price : Draws dashed border box from end point of Max wave volume / delta price level.
Single side Max Wave Volume : Draws solid border box from start point of Max wave volume level.
Bias Wave Volume : Draws solid border box from start point of bias wave volume level.
-- Signals --
Bias (Wave Volume / delta price) : Displays Bias mark when large difference in wave volume / delta price before and after.
Ratio : Decides the threshold of become large difference.
3Decrease : Displays 3D mark when a continuous decrease in wave volume.
Shortening Of the Thrust : Displays SOT mark when a continuous decrease in delta price.
Change in Behavior and Pullback : Displays CiB mark when single side max wave volume and pullback.
-- Setups --
Change in Behavior and Pullback and Breakout : Displays entry frame when change in behavior and pullback and then breakout.
Min / Max Pullback : Decides the threshold of min / max pullback.
If you need more information, please read the indicator's tooltip.
█ Conclusion
Weis Wave is powerful interpretation of volume and its tell us potential trend change and entry point which can't find without weis wave.
It's not the holy grail, but improve your chart reading skills and help you trade rationally (at least from VSA perspective).
Candle Spread
Candle Spread is an indicator that helps traders measure the range of price movement within each candle over a specified time period. It calculates the range of the candle between the High and Low (High - Low) and displays it in a separate window below the chart as columns.
Key Features:
Colored Bars: The bars are colored based on the candle's direction:
Bullish Candle: Bars are Green.
Bearish Candle: Bars are Red.
Moving Average: The indicator includes a 30-period Simple Moving Average (SMA), which represents the overall average range of the candles.
Helps Identify Market Volatility: This indicator helps traders identify wide-range candles (signaling high volatility in the market), which could indicate a surge in momentum or potential trend reversals.
Advanced Volume-Driven Breakout SignalsThe "Advanced Volume-Driven Breakout Signals" indicator is a cutting-edge tool designed to help traders identify high-potential trading opportunities through sophisticated volume analysis techniques. This indicator integrates volume flow analysis, moving averages, and Relative Volume (RVOL) to provide a comprehensive view of market conditions, going beyond traditional Volume Spread Analysis (VSA) methods.
Key Features:
Volume Flow Analysis: Distinguishes bullish and bearish volume flows with distinct colors, making it easier to visualize market sentiment and potential breakout points.
Volume Flow Moving Averages: Calculates moving averages for volume using various methods (SMA, EMA, WMA, HMA, VWMA), accommodating different trading strategies. This includes settings for adjusting the type of moving average and its period, as well as thresholds for high, medium, and low volume levels.
Volume Spikes Detection: Identifies significant volume spikes based on user-defined multipliers and moving averages, highlighting unusual trading activity.
Volume MA Cloud Settings: Computes general moving averages of volume to track trends and detect deviations. This feature includes options to select different moving average types and adjust thresholds for detecting high volume activity.
Relative Volume (RVOL): Measures current volume relative to historical averages, triggering signals when RVOL exceeds predefined thresholds, indicating notable changes in trading activity.
Entry Conditions: Provides clear long and short entry signals based on combined volume flow conditions and RVOL, offering actionable trading opportunities.
Volume Visualization:
— Bullish Volume Flow: Light and dark green bars indicate bullish volume flow.
— Bearish Volume Flow: Light and dark red bars denote bearish volume flow.
— High Volume Bars: Highlighted in yellow, and extreme volume bars in orange for additional context. These bars are plotted for visual aid and do not directly influence trade signals, focusing instead on the quality and strength of the volume flow.
Alerts: Allows users to create alert notifications for long and short entry signals when the criteria are met, enabling traders to respond promptly to trading opportunities.
Usage:
Overlay: Apply the indicator directly to your price chart to visualise real-time signals and volume conditions.
Customisable: Adjust settings for moving averages, RVOL, and other parameters to match your trading strategy and preferences.
Comparison to VSA Scripts: The "Advanced Volume-Driven Breakout Signals" indicator extends beyond traditional VSA scripts by incorporating a wider range of analytical features. While VSA primarily focuses on volume spread patterns and price action, this indicator offers enhanced functionality with advanced RVOL metrics, customizable moving averages, and detailed volume spike detection, making it a more versatile tool for identifying breakout opportunities and managing trades. It is particularly effective when used alongside key levels and order blocks.
Acknowledgements: Special thanks to @oh92 and @goofoffgoose for their invaluable scripts, which served as inspiration in the development of this advanced trading indicator.
Notes: The script is continually evolving, with ongoing refinements aimed at enhancing accuracy and performance.
Decoding the Volume of candlesThe indicator is designed for traders who are more interested in market structures and price action using volumes. Volume analysis can help traders build a clearer understanding of zones of buyer and seller interest, as well as liquidity gathering points (traders' stop levels).
Key Features:
The indicator visualizes on the chart the volumes selected according to the trader's chosen settings.
The indicator highlights candle volumes in selected colors, where the volume is greater individually than the volumes of the trader's chosen number of preceding candles. Or the volume that is greater than the sum of volumes of the trader's chosen number of preceding candles.
The indicator mark selected volumes on the chart based on the type of candle. The candle type (1, 2, or 3) is determined by its result (close) relative to other candles.
Volume marked for a type 3 candle draws the trader’s attention to the lack of results from the applied volume compared to the previous candle, indicating potential weakness of the candle’s owner. This is especially important in buyer or seller context areas.
Volume marked for a type 2 candle highlights the presence of results from the applied volume but only relative to the previous candle. In buyer or seller context areas, this can signal weakness of the candle’s owner.
Volume marked for a type 1 candle signals a strong result from the applied volume, indicating potential strength of the candle’s owner.
The marking of volumes can be displayed either on the main chart or on the volume chart, depending on the trader's preference. Colors and symbols for marking can be customized on the Style tab.
Volumes can be filtered on both the volume chart and the main chart according to their marking. This feature can be useful, for example, for traders who don’t work with signs of buyer or seller weakness. In such cases, they can filter out volumes only for type 1 candles.
Good luck exploring the impact of volumes on price behavior!
VPSA - Volume Price Spread AnalysisDear Analysts and Traders,
I am pleased to present the latest version of my indicator, based on the logic of analyzing spread and volume. In this version, the indicator examines spread and volume using min-max normalization. The statistical value is captured through Z-Score standardization, and I have added configurable alerts based on the normalized values of spread, volume, and the sigmas for these variables.
Theory and Evolution of the Indicator
The normalization function used in this program allows for the comparison of two values with different ranges on a single chart. The values that reach the highest within the examined range are assigned a value of one. As in previous versions, I have adopted a bar chart where the wider bar represents volume and the narrower bar represents spread. I believe that using normalization is the most intuitive approach, as the standardization in the earlier sVPSA version could cause confusion. This was due to smaller bars for higher actual values and negative bars, which required additional reliance on actual volume data and significant proficiency in using the indicator. These were limitations stemming from the computational aspect of these issues. As in the previously mentioned script, I also used Z-Score standardization here, which serves as a measure of deviation from the mean. This is visualized in the script as the color of the bars, which in the default configuration are as follows: below one sigma - blue; above one sigma up to two sigmas - green; above two sigmas up to three sigmas - red; and above three sigmas - fuchsia. Additionally, I applied an exponential moving average in this indicator to minimize the influence of older candles on the mean. The indicator has been enhanced with configurable alerts, allowing for substantial control over the conditions triggering them. The alerts enable the definition of normalized variable values and sigma values. Furthermore, the program allows for the definition of logical dependencies for these conditions.
Summary
The program I have developed is a synthesis of the most important and useful functions from the indicators I previously created. The indicator is a standalone and powerful tool that facilitates effective analysis of the spread-volume relationship, which is one of the fundamental methods of analysis according to the Wyckoff and VSA methodologies. The alerts introduced in this version provide extensive possibilities for controlling the dynamics of any market.
Should you encounter any errors or have suggestions regarding the indicator, please feel free to contact me.
I wish you successful analyses! All the best!
CatTheTrader
Auto Volume Spread Analysis (VSA) [TANHEF]Auto Volume Spread Analysis (visible volume and spread bars auto-scaled): Understanding Market Intentions through the Interpretation of Volume and Price Movements.
All the sections below contain the same descriptions as my other indicator "Volume Spread Analysis" with the exception of 'Auto Scaling'.
█ Auto-Scaling
This indicator auto-scales spread bars to match the visible volume bars, unlike the previous "Volume Spread Analysis " version which limited the number of visible spread bars to a fixed count. The auto-scaling feature allows for easier navigation through historical data, enabling both more historical spread bars to be viewed and more historical VSA pattern labels being displayed without requiring using the bar replay tool. Please note that this indicator’s auto-scaling feature recalculates the visible bars on the chart, causing the indicator to reload whenever the chart is moved.
Auto-scaled spread bars have two display options (set via 'Spread Bars Method' setting):
Lines: a bar lookback limit of 500 bars.
Polylines: no bar lookback limit as only plotted on visible bars on chart, which uses multiple polylines are used.
█ Simple Explanation:
The Volume Spread Analysis (VSA) indicator is a comprehensive tool that helps traders identify key market patterns and trends based on volume and spread data. This indicator highlights significant VSA patterns and provides insights into market behavior through color-coded volume/spread bars and identification of bars indicating strength, weakness, and neutrality between buyers and sellers. It also includes powerful volume and spread forecasting capabilities.
█ Laws of Volume Spread Analysis (VSA):
The origin of VSA begins with Richard Wyckoff, a pivotal figure in its development. Wyckoff made significant contributions to trading theory, including the formulation of three basic laws:
The Law of Supply and Demand: This fundamental law states that supply and demand balance each other over time. High demand and low supply lead to rising prices until demand falls to a level where supply can meet it. Conversely, low demand and high supply cause prices to fall until demand increases enough to absorb the excess supply.
The Law of Cause and Effect: This law assumes that a 'cause' will result in an 'effect' proportional to the 'cause'. A strong 'cause' will lead to a strong trend (effect), while a weak 'cause' will lead to a weak trend.
The Law of Effort vs. Result: This law asserts that the result should reflect the effort exerted. In trading terms, a large volume should result in a significant price move (spread). If the spread is small, the volume should also be small. Any deviation from this pattern is considered an anomaly.
█ Volume and Spread Analysis Bars:
Display: Volume and spread bars that consist of color coded levels, with the spread bars scaled to match the volume bars. A displayable table (Legend) of bar colors and levels can give context and clarify to each volume/spread bar.
Calculation: Levels are calculated using multipliers applied to moving averages to represent key levels based on historical data: low, normal, high, ultra. This method smooths out short-term fluctuations and focuses on longer-term trends.
Low Level: Indicates reduced volatility and market interest.
Normal Level: Reflects typical market activity and volatility.
High Level: Indicates increased activity and volatility.
Ultra Level: Identifies extreme levels of activity and volatility.
This illustrates the appearance of Volume and Spread bars when scaled and plotted together:
█ Forecasting Capabilities:
Display: Forecasted volume and spread levels using predictive models.
Calculation: Volume and Spread prediction calculations differ as volume is linear and spread is non-linear.
Volume Forecast (Linear Forecasting): Predicts future volume based on current volume rate and bar time till close.
Spread Forecast (Non-Linear Dynamic Forecasting): Predicts future spread using a dynamic multiplier, less near midpoint (consolidation) and more near low or high (trending), reflecting non-linear expansion.
Moving Averages: In forecasting, moving averages utilize forecasted levels instead of actual levels to ensure the correct level is forecasted (low, normal, high, or ultra).
The following compares forecasted volume with actual resulting volume, highlighting the power of early identifying increased volume through forecasted levels:
█ VSA Patterns:
Criteria and descriptions for each VSA pattern are available as tooltips beside them within the indicator’s settings. These tooltips provide explanations of potential developments based on the volume and spread data.
Signs of Strength (🟢): Patterns indicating strong buying pressure and potential market upturns.
Down Thrust
Selling Climax
No Effort ➤ Bearish Result
Bearish Effort ➤ No Result
Inverse Down Thrust
Failed Selling Climax
Bull Outside Reversal
End of Falling Market (Bag Holder)
Pseudo Down Thrust
No Supply
Signs of Weakness (🔴): Patterns indicating strong selling pressure and potential market downturns.
Up Thrust
Buying Climax
No Effort ➤ Bullish Result
Bullish Effort ➤ No Result
Inverse Up Thrust
Failed Buying Climax
Bear Outside Reversal
End of Rising Market (Bag Seller)
Pseudo Up Thrust
No Demand
Neutral Patterns (🔵): Patterns indicating market indecision and potential for continuation or reversal.
Quiet Doji
Balanced Doji
Strong Doji
Quiet Spinning Top
Balanced Spinning Top
Strong Spinning Top
Quiet High Wave
Balanced High Wave
Strong High Wave
Consolidation
Bar Patterns (🟡): Common candlestick patterns that offer insights into market sentiment. These are required in some VSA patterns and can also be displayed independently.
Bull Pin Bar
Bear Pin Bar
Doji
Spinning Top
High Wave
Consolidation
This demonstrates the acronym and descriptive options for displaying bar patterns, with the ability to hover over text to reveal the descriptive text along with what type of pattern:
█ Alerts:
VSA Pattern Alerts: Notifications for identified VSA patterns at bar close.
Volume and Spread Alerts: Alerts for confirmed and forecasted volume/spread levels (Low, High, Ultra).
Forecasted Volume and Spread Alerts: Alerts for forecasted volume/spread levels (High, Ultra) include a minimum percent time elapsed input to reduce false early signals by ensuring sufficient bar time has passed.
█ Inputs and Settings:
Indicator Bar Color: Select color schemes for bars (Normal, Detail, Levels).
Indicator Moving Average Color: Select schemes for bars (Fill, Lines, None).
Price Bar Colors: Options to color price bars based on VSA patterns and volume levels.
Legend: Display a table of bar colors and levels for context and clarity of volume/spread bars.
Forecast: Configure forecast display and prediction details for volume and spread.
Average Multipliers: Define multipliers for different levels (Low, High, Ultra) to refine the analysis.
Moving Average: Set volume and spread moving average settings.
VSA: Select the VSA patterns to be calculated and displayed (Strength, Weakness, Neutral).
Bar Patterns: Criteria for bar patterns used in VSA (Doji, Bull Pin Bar, Bear Pin Bar, Spinning Top, Consolidation, High Wave).
Colors: Set exact colors used for indicator bars, indicator moving averages, and price bars.
More Display Options: Specify how VSA pattern text is displayed (Acronym, Descriptive), positioning, and sizes.
Alerts: Configure alerts for VSA patterns, volume, and spread levels, including forecasted levels.
█ Usage:
The Volume Spread Analysis indicator is a helpful tool for leveraging volume spread analysis to make informed trading decisions. It offers comprehensive visual and textual cues on the chart, making it easier to identify market conditions, potential reversals, and continuations. Whether analyzing historical data or forecasting future trends, this indicator provides insights into the underlying factors driving market movements.
Effort & Result (normalized)It is recommended to use a column display. This indicator measures the relationship between the body of the candlestick and the volume. Therefore, it measures the relationship between effort (volume) and result (price). It is still necessary to contextualize the price and not use the indicator without considering structure or relevant zones.
As we can see, this is an oscillator that ranges from 100 to -100 and helps visualize Volume Spread Analysis.
It can indicate three different types of relationships between candlesticks and volume:
1. Absorption : This is a significant discrepancy that shows that despite considerable effort in terms of volume, there has not been an adequate price result. High volume and little price movement. It can be detected when the indicator values are negative, and the closer to -100, the more pronounced the absorption. It indicates strong aggressive participation, but equally strong passive participation. It should be interpreted as an opposite signal; if the candlestick closes long with absorption, then it is likely that the bullish movement will not continue.
2. Absence of Resistance : This is a discrepancy that occurs when, despite low volumetric effort, there is a significant price movement. This is due to the absence of passive orders and is exactly the opposite of absorption. It is measured when the indicator value is positive. It means that a wide buy candlestick with low volume has not encountered resistance from passive sellers during its path, and vice versa for a sell candlestick. It should be interpreted as a "green light"; therefore, a buy candlestick that closes with a positive value in the indicator signals a likely price increase shortly thereafter.
3. Congruence : When the indicator value is close to 0, a situation of congruence occurs, where the result (price) is adequate to the effort (volumes). This indicates an efficient market with balanced participation from sellers and buyers, both passive and aggressive.
The pattern shown in the figure illustrates in the first line a sell candlestick with a very small body but a very high volumetric effort. Indeed, the corresponding column in the indicator shows negative values ("Absorption"). The second line shows how, after a few minutes, an "Absence of Resistance" situation occurs, this time for a buy candlestick that, despite low volumes, closed with a very wide body, in fact the indicator shows positive values. This specific pattern should be read as a long signal since sellers have been absorbed by passive buyers, and buyers have not encountered resistance from passive sellers. This indicates greater coordination and participation from both aggressive and passive buyers.
Volume Spread Analysis [TANHEF]Volume Spread Analysis: Understanding Market Intentions through the Interpretation of Volume and Price Movements.
█ Simple Explanation:
The Volume Spread Analysis (VSA) indicator is a comprehensive tool that helps traders identify key market patterns and trends based on volume and spread data. This indicator highlights significant VSA patterns and provides insights into market behavior through color-coded volume/spread bars and identification of bars indicating strength, weakness, and neutrality between buyers and sellers. It also includes powerful volume and spread forecasting capabilities.
█ Laws of Volume Spread Analysis (VSA):
The origin of VSA begins with Richard Wyckoff, a pivotal figure in its development. Wyckoff made significant contributions to trading theory, including the formulation of three basic laws:
The Law of Supply and Demand: This fundamental law states that supply and demand balance each other over time. High demand and low supply lead to rising prices until demand falls to a level where supply can meet it. Conversely, low demand and high supply cause prices to fall until demand increases enough to absorb the excess supply.
The Law of Cause and Effect: This law assumes that a 'cause' will result in an 'effect' proportional to the 'cause'. A strong 'cause' will lead to a strong trend (effect), while a weak 'cause' will lead to a weak trend.
The Law of Effort vs. Result: This law asserts that the result should reflect the effort exerted. In trading terms, a large volume should result in a significant price move (spread). If the spread is small, the volume should also be small. Any deviation from this pattern is considered an anomaly.
█ Volume and Spread Analysis Bars:
Display: Volume and/or spread bars that consist of color coded levels. If both of these are displayed, the number of spread bars can be limited for visual appeal and understanding, with the spread bars scaled to match the volume bars. While automatic calculation of the number of visual bars for auto scaling is possible, it is avoided to prevent the indicator from reloading whenever the number of visual price bars on the chart is adjusted, ensuring uninterrupted analysis. A displayable table (Legend) of bar colors and levels can give context and clarify to each volume/spread bar.
Calculation: Levels are calculated using multipliers applied to moving averages to represent key levels based on historical data: low, normal, high, ultra. This method smooths out short-term fluctuations and focuses on longer-term trends.
Low Level: Indicates reduced volatility and market interest.
Normal Level: Reflects typical market activity and volatility.
High Level: Indicates increased activity and volatility.
Ultra Level: Identifies extreme levels of activity and volatility.
This illustrates the appearance of Volume and Spread bars when scaled and plotted together:
█ Forecasting Capabilities:
Display: Forecasted volume and spread levels using predictive models.
Calculation: Volume and Spread prediction calculations differ as volume is linear and spread is non-linear.
Volume Forecast (Linear Forecasting): Predicts future volume based on current volume rate and bar time till close.
Spread Forecast (Non-Linear Dynamic Forecasting): Predicts future spread using a dynamic multiplier, less near midpoint (consolidation) and more near low or high (trending), reflecting non-linear expansion.
Moving Averages: In forecasting, moving averages utilize forecasted levels instead of actual levels to ensure the correct level is forecasted (low, normal, high, or ultra).
The following compares forecasted volume with actual resulting volume, highlighting the power of early identifying increased volume through forecasted levels:
█ VSA Patterns:
Criteria and descriptions for each VSA pattern are available as tooltips beside them within the indicator’s settings. These tooltips provide explanations of potential developments based on the volume and spread data.
Signs of Strength (🟢): Patterns indicating strong buying pressure and potential market upturns.
Down Thrust
Selling Climax
No Effort → Bearish Result
Bearish Effort → No Result
Inverse Down Thrust
Failed Selling Climax
Bull Outside Reversal
End of Falling Market (Bag Holder)
Pseudo Down Thrust
No Supply
Signs of Weakness (🔴): Patterns indicating strong selling pressure and potential market downturns.
Up Thrust
Buying Climax
No Effort → Bullish Result
Bullish Effort → No Result
Inverse Up Thrust
Failed Buying Climax
Bear Outside Reversal
End of Rising Market (Bag Seller)
Pseudo Up Thrust
No Demand
Neutral Patterns (🔵): Patterns indicating market indecision and potential for continuation or reversal.
Quiet Doji
Balanced Doji
Strong Doji
Quiet Spinning Top
Balanced Spinning Top
Strong Spinning Top
Quiet High Wave
Balanced High Wave
Strong High Wave
Consolidation
Bar Patterns (🟡): Common candlestick patterns that offer insights into market sentiment. These are required in some VSA patterns and can also be displayed independently.
Bull Pin Bar
Bear Pin Bar
Doji
Spinning Top
High Wave
Consolidation
This demonstrates the acronym and descriptive options for displaying bar patterns, with the ability to hover over text to reveal the descriptive text along with what type of pattern:
█ Alerts:
VSA Pattern Alerts: Notifications for identified VSA patterns at bar close.
Volume and Spread Alerts: Alerts for confirmed and forecasted volume/spread levels (Low, High, Ultra).
Forecasted Volume and Spread Alerts: Alerts for forecasted volume/spread levels (High, Ultra) include a minimum percent time elapsed input to reduce false early signals by ensuring sufficient bar time has passed.
█ Inputs and Settings:
Display Volume and/or Spread: Choose between displaying volume bars, spread bars, or both with different lookback periods.
Indicator Bar Color: Select color schemes for bars (Normal, Detail, Levels).
Indicator Moving Average Color: Select schemes for bars (Fill, Lines, None).
Price Bar Colors: Options to color price bars based on VSA patterns and volume levels.
Legend: Display a table of bar colors and levels for context and clarity of volume/spread bars.
Forecast: Configure forecast display and prediction details for volume and spread.
Average Multipliers: Define multipliers for different levels (Low, High, Ultra) to refine the analysis.
Moving Average: Set volume and spread moving average settings.
VSA: Select the VSA patterns to be calculated and displayed (Strength, Weakness, Neutral).
Bar Patterns: Criteria for bar patterns used in VSA (Doji, Bull Pin Bar, Bear Pin Bar, Spinning Top, Consolidation, High Wave).
Colors: Set exact colors used for indicator bars, indicator moving averages, and price bars.
More Display Options: Specify how VSA pattern text is displayed (Acronym, Descriptive), positioning, and sizes.
Alerts: Configure alerts for VSA patterns, volume, and spread levels, including forecasted levels.
█ Usage:
The Volume Spread Analysis indicator is a helpful tool for leveraging volume spread analysis to make informed trading decisions. It offers comprehensive visual and textual cues on the chart, making it easier to identify market conditions, potential reversals, and continuations. Whether analyzing historical data or forecasting future trends, this indicator provides insights into the underlying factors driving market movements.
sVPSA - standardized Volume Price Spread AnalysisDear Analysts and Traders,
I want to introduce my new indicator - sVPSA - standardized Volume Price Spread Analysis. For me, this script is helpfully in Technical Analysis mainly with Wyckoff and VSA methodologies. Maybe You are in circle of people who used my previous script - normalized Volume Price Spread Analysis. I work with him a lot of time, but I come to a conclusion that I can do better...
Theory concept...
What is a big volume? How big was this spread? It was extreme high or just high? How to do an answer for this and a lot other questions related to this subject? My thoughts was directed to statistics. In my first script I used to x/max normalized data. It was good, but susceptible for high deviation events. So, I choose standardization method with smaller sensitivity on violent events - z-Score standardization Description of z-Score formula:
Z = (x-mean)/standard deviation
Probability of event are descriptive by probability density function - The Normal Distribution.
en.wikipedia.org
en.Wikipedia.org
This is base of script methodology, let’s go deeper in indicator.
X axis is time, date. Y axis is standard deviation. Narrow bar represent price spread, wide one is volume. Colors are corresponding to deviation, blue < sigma, green > sigma, red > 2*sigma and fuchsia > 3*sigma. Appearance is full editable.
Data collection starts from left to right. There is two possibilities to use, constans number of bars or visible data range, also indicator permit to overscore linear regression from data. There is a possibility to set an alert.
Short introduction how put an interpretation on visualized data.
For this example I used constans value of data collection, 52 bars. So, from left I see great, fuchsia volume bar with low spread. This record respond Celsius withdrawals pause. This is bar with the biggest volume on presented chart, more than four sigmas. Spread value is near one sigma. I should consider this via one of Wyckoffs laws - effort vs result. I see a three bars in turn, they tenor tells me that bear market is possible near end. Accumulation structure near new year, spring test and bullish momentum bar near march are approval of this idea. Next high spread bars have volume near mean value. Effort is low but result is great. Interesting is last bar, with -2,8 deviation of volume. I see the lowest volume value on chart, so he’s deviation is strong to negative side. This script require a little of practise and can be a potent tool in Technical Analysis.
If You have a concept how to improve my script or You experience bug, please, send me feedback.
I hope that You consider my work as useful.
I wish You great trades and faultless analysis.
CatTheTrader
RS for VPAThis is a supporting Indicator for the Volume Price Analysis Script VPA 5.0.
Purpose
To indicate the performance of the stock compared to an Index or any other selected stock. It also provides an idea about the strength of the Reference Index as well.
Description
The indicator is an unbound oscillator moving around a zero line. If the stock is strong then the values are positive and if it is weak the values are negative. If the stock is performing better (Stronger) than the Index the indicator is positive and colored green. If the stock is weaker than the Index it is negative and is colored Red.
The background indicates the strength of the Reference Index/Stock. Bullishness/up trend of the Index/Stock is indicated by yellow colour. Short term uptrend, Mid term uptrend and Long term trends are indicated by different shades of yellow varying from light to Dark. The bearishness / down trend is indicated by blue back ground.
How it Works
The relative strength is calculated by using the formula
RS = Gain of the stock / (Gain of the Ref. Index -1)
= (Stock Price today / Stock Price (N period ago)) /
(Index Price today / Index price (N period ago)) – 1
The Index strength is calculated as below
Short term trend up = 5 ema > 22 ema
Mid Term trend up = 22 ema > 60 ema
Long term trend up = 60 ema > 130 ema
Trend down = 5 ema < 22 ema
How to use
Use this indicator to assist your Price Action Analysis using VPA 5.0. When the Price action and volume indicates Bullishness, you can check if the relative strength is also supporting (Positive and in green Territory). This adds credibility to the Price action. Also check if the index is also positive (the Back ground is yellow). This makes the Price action even stronger. Ideally both the stock and index should be strong. Many time you would find the that the stock is in green territory but the index is in blue territory. This calls for some caution in evaluating the Price Action.
When the price action is positive but the relative strength is negative then one should be cautious and wait for the relative strength to turn positive before any entry decision.
Option for the Indicator
One can select the following from the setting for the indicator
1. Index or reference stock – Default is CNX 500
2. Relative Strength Calculation period – Default is 22
3. The EMA periods for the Index/Reference stock strength calculation
Candle volume analysis The indicator is designed for traders who are more interested in market structures and price action using volumes. Volume analysis can help traders build a clearer understanding of zones of buyer and seller interest, as well as places to capture liquidity (traders' stop levels).
Key Features:
The indicator highlights candle volumes in selected colors, where the volume is greater individually than the volumes of the trader's chosen number of preceding candles. Or the volume that is greater than the sum of volumes of the trader's chosen number of preceding candles.
Advanced VSA: Trend and Range LevelsThe indicator is designed for traders who are more interested in market structures and price action using volumes. Analyzing volumes, key market levels, market phases (trend or range/sideways), and multiple timeframes can help the trader build a clearer and more comprehensive view of the market. The data analysis algorithm is developed based on VSA methods, elements of the ICT concept, and the results of my research to assist trader in gaining a better understanding of the market and uncovering information that might go unnoticed.
The key idea is to consider multiple timeframes in trading. Understanding larger market movements from higher timeframes can provide a deeper context when making trading decisions, aiming to assist in more effective entries and exits. This is achieved by identifying the trend and its support levels on multiple timeframes, identifying ranges and their current boundaries, as well as buyer and seller interest zones.
Key Features
Trend Identification: The indicator determines the trend and its current support level. All significant price &movements occur in the form of impulses (either by sellers or buyers). An impulse consists of one or several consecutive candlesticks, at least one of which has a closing price beyond the boundaries of the previous impulse. The indicator displays the base of the impulse and/or the entire impulse. The base of the impulse represents the trend's support level.
Range Identification: The indicator can identify ranges and their current boundaries. Institutional traders take positions within price ranges, and many market reversals occur after flats. A range is a sequential price movement up and down within a specific price range. A range is formed by a minimum of 4 points, 2 above and 2 below, and is defined by its boundaries. The indicator detects ranges based on two (two consecutive impulses in one direction) or three impulses (the first and third in one direction, and the second in the opposite direction). The indicator displays the current boundary points of the range and the level of protection after exiting the range and initiating a trend.
Buyer and seller zones within impulses: After the impulse ends, a correction occurs. It is advisable to look for entry points during this correction in the direction of the impulse from the zone of interest of the owner of the impulse: the buyer's zone for a long impulse and the seller's zone for a short impulse. A zone consists of a series of consecutive candlesticks grouped on the chart in a specific manner.
Multi-Timeframe Trend Identification: The indicator also identifies the trend on two higher timeframes and displays the two latest bases of impulses from those higher timeframes on the chart.
Additional Features
Identification of Test Levels and Effort. A test is the price's return to a zone or to a candle of effort, followed by a continuation in the direction of the initial price movement. It is characterized by the test level. An effort or effort candle is a single candle that is individually larger in volume than the previous 2.
Example Use Cases
You can display the base levels of impulses from a 4-hour time frame and a daily time frame on a 15-minute chart to keep track of important levels from higher timeframes.
By exploring different timeframes, you can identify consolidations (range/sideways movements) and trade within them in the direction of the trend from higher timeframes.
If the market is in a trending phase (the presence of a trend is determined by two consecutive impulses in the same direction), look for trades in the direction of the impulse, following these priorities:
When the impulse base level is protected by the host of the impulse.
During corrections, look for buy trades in the buyer's zone for an uptrend and sell trades in the seller's zone for a downtrend.
During corrections, look for buy trades from a buyer's effort candle for an uptrend and sell trades from a seller's effort candle for a downtrend.
If the market is in a consolidation phase (range), look for trades:
When the current or maximum/minimum historical boundaries of the consolidation (range) are protected, look for trades towards the opposite current boundary.
If the price exits the consolidation/range (closes outside all consolidation boundaries, including both current and historical boundaries), then during corrections, look for trades in the direction of the exit.
Settings
Trend: Display base levels of impulses and/or the entire impulse. Sideways Ranges (Sideways Markets): Display the required number of sideways ranges on the chart, along with protection levels for exiting the sideways range. There are two modes for finding sideways ranges. The first mode requires touching points. The second mode (advanced) does not require precise touching of points if there are increased volumes at the extreme points of the sideways range. Touching these volumes is sufficient for the price.
Zones: Display zones on the chart. Choose the types of displayed zones and their colors. They are divided into three types. The first type is the most promising for finding trades. Type 3 represents more aggressive trades.
Test Levels: Display test levels for zones and efforts on the chart. There are three types of test levels. The first type is the most promising for finding trades. Type 3 is not recommended for finding trades as it represents the most aggressive trades.
Higher Time Frames: Choose 2 timeframes and the types of displayed impulse base lines.
