40 Ticker Cross-Sectional Z-Scores [BackQuant]40 Ticker Cross-Sectional Z-Scores
BackQuant’s 40 Ticker Cross-Sectional Z-Scores is a powerful portfolio management strategy that analyzes the relative performance of up to 40 different assets, comparing them on a cross-sectional basis to identify the top and bottom performers. This indicator computes Z-scores for each asset based on their log returns and evaluates them relative to the mean and standard deviation over a rolling window. The Z-scores represent how far an asset's return deviates from the average, and these values are used to rank the assets, allowing for dynamic asset allocation based on performance.
By focusing on the strongest-performing assets and avoiding the weakest, this strategy aims to enhance returns while managing risk. Additionally, by adjusting for standard deviations, the system offers a risk-adjusted method of ranking assets, making it suitable for traders who want to dynamically allocate capital based on performance metrics rather than just price movements.
Key Features
1. Cross-Sectional Z-Score Calculation:
The system calculates Z-scores for 40 different assets, evaluating their log returns against the mean and standard deviation over a rolling window. This enables users to assess the relative performance of each asset dynamically, highlighting which assets are performing better or worse compared to their historical norms. The Z-score is a useful statistical tool for identifying outliers in asset performance.
2. Asset Ranking and Allocation:
The system ranks assets based on their Z-scores and allocates capital to the top performers. It identifies the top and bottom assets, and traders can allocate capital to the top-performing assets, ensuring that their portfolio is aligned with the best performers. Conversely, the bottom assets are removed from the portfolio, reducing exposure to underperforming assets.
3. Rolling Window for Mean and Standard Deviation Calculations:
The Z-scores are calculated based on rolling means and standard deviations, making the system adaptive to changing market conditions. This rolling calculation window allows the strategy to adjust to recent performance trends and minimize the impact of outdated data.
4. Mean and Standard Deviation Visualization:
The script provides real-time visualizations of the mean (x̄) and standard deviation (σ) of asset returns, helping traders quickly identify trends and volatility in their portfolio. These visual indicators are useful for understanding the current market environment and making more informed allocation decisions.
5. Top & Bottom Performer Tables:
The system generates tables that display the top and bottom performers, ranked by their Z-scores. Traders can quickly see which assets are outperforming and underperforming. These tables provide clear and actionable insights, helping traders make informed decisions about which assets to include in their portfolio.
6. Customizable Parameters:
The strategy allows traders to customize several key parameters, including:
Rolling Calculation Window: Set the window size for the rolling mean and standard deviation calculations.
Top & Bottom Tickers: Choose how many of the top and bottom assets to display and allocate capital to.
Table Orientation: Select between vertical or horizontal table formats to suit the user’s preference.
7. Forward Test & Out-of-Sample Testing:
The system includes out-of-sample forward tests, ensuring that the strategy is evaluated based on real-time performance, not just historical data. This forward testing approach helps validate the robustness of the strategy in dynamic market conditions.
8. Visual Feedback and Alerts:
The system provides visual feedback on the current asset rankings and allocations, with dynamic labels and plots on the chart. Additionally, users receive alerts when allocations change, keeping them informed of important adjustments.
9. Risk Management via Z-Scores and Std Dev:
The system’s approach to asset selection is based on Z-scores, which normalize performance relative to the historical mean. By incorporating standard deviation, it accounts for the volatility and risk associated with each asset. This allows for more precise risk management and portfolio construction.
10. Note on Mean Reversion Strategy:
If you take the inverse of the signals provided by this indicator, the strategy can be used for mean-reversion rather than trend-following. This would involve buying the underperforming assets and selling the outperforming ones. However, it's important to note that this approach does not work well with highly correlated assets, as the relationship between the assets could result in the same directional movement, undermining the effectiveness of the mean-reversion strategy.
References
www.uts.edu.au
onlinelibrary.wiley.com
www.cmegroup.com
Final Thoughts
The 40 Ticker Cross-Sectional Z-Scores strategy offers a data-driven approach to portfolio management, dynamically allocating capital based on the relative performance of assets. By using Z-scores and standard deviations, this strategy ensures that capital is directed to the strongest performers while avoiding weaker assets, ultimately improving the risk-adjusted returns of the portfolio. Whether you’re focused on trend-following or looking to explore mean-reversion strategies, this flexible system can be tailored to suit your investment goals.
Alpha
Cross-Sectional Altcoin Portfolio [BackQuant]Cross-Sectional Altcoin Portfolio
Introducing BackQuant's Cross-Sectional Altcoin Portfolio, a sophisticated trading system designed to dynamically rotate among a selection of major altcoins. This portfolio strategy compares multiple assets based on real-time performance metrics, such as momentum and trend strength, to select the strongest-performing coins. It uses a combination of adaptive scoring and regime filters to ensure the portfolio is aligned with favorable market conditions, minimizing exposure during unfavorable trends.
This system offers a comprehensive solution for crypto traders who want to optimize portfolio allocation based on cross-asset performance, while also accounting for market regimes. It allows traders to compare multiple altcoins dynamically and allocate capital to the top performers, ensuring the portfolio is always positioned in the most promising assets.
Key Features
1. Dynamic Asset Rotation:
The portfolio constantly evaluates the relative strength of 10 major altcoins: SOLUSD, RUNEUSD, ORDIUSD, DOGEUSDT, ETHUSD, ENAUSDT, RAYUSDT, PENDLEUSD, UNIUSD, and KASUSDT.
Using a ratio matrix, the system selects the strongest asset based on momentum and trend performance, dynamically adjusting the allocation as market conditions change.
2. Long-Only Portfolio with Cash Reserve:
The portfolio only takes long positions or remains in cash. The system does not enter short positions, reducing the risk of exposure during market downturns.
A powerful regime filter ensures the system is inactive during periods of market weakness, defined by the Universal Trend Performance Indicator (TPI) and other market data.
3. Equity Tracking:
The script provides real-time visualizations of portfolio equity compared to buy-and-hold strategies.
Users can compare the performance of the portfolio against holding individual assets (e.g., BTC, ETH) and see the benefits of the dynamic allocation.
4. Performance Metrics:
The system provides key performance metrics such as:
Sharpe Ratio: Measures risk-adjusted returns.
Sortino Ratio: Focuses on downside risk.
Omega Ratio: Evaluates returns relative to risk.
Maximum Drawdown: The maximum observed loss from a peak to a trough.
These metrics allow traders to assess the effectiveness of the strategy versus simply holding the assets.
5. Regime Filter:
The system incorporates a regime filter that evaluates the overall market trend using the TPI and other indicators. If the market is in a downtrend, the system exits positions and moves to cash, avoiding exposure to negative market conditions.
Users can customize the thresholds for the long and short trends to fit their risk tolerance.
6. Customizable Parameters:
Traders can adjust key parameters, such as the backtest start date, starting capital, leverage multiplier, and visualization options, including equity plot colors and line widths.
The system supports different levels of customizations for traders to optimize their strategies.
7. Equity and Buy-and-Hold Comparisons:
This script enables traders to see the side-by-side comparison of the portfolio’s equity curve and the equity curve of a buy-and-hold strategy for each asset.
The comparison allows users to evaluate the performance of the dynamic strategy versus holding the altcoins in isolation.
8. Forward Test (Out-of-Sample Testing):
The system includes a note that the portfolio provides out-of-sample forward tests, ensuring the robustness of the strategy. This is crucial for assessing the portfolio's performance beyond historical backtesting and validating its ability to adapt to future market conditions.
9. Visual Feedback:
The system offers detailed visual feedback on the current asset allocation and performance. Candles are painted according to the trend of the selected assets, and key metrics are displayed in real-time, including the momentum scores for each asset.
10. Alerts and Notifications:
Real-time alerts notify traders when the system changes asset allocations or moves to cash, ensuring they stay informed about portfolio adjustments.
Visual labels on the chart provide instant feedback on which asset is currently leading the portfolio allocation.
How the Rotation Works
The portfolio evaluates 10 different assets and calculates a momentum score for each based on their price action. This score is processed through a ratio matrix, which compares the relative performance of each asset.
Based on the rankings, the portfolio allocates capital to the top performers, ensuring it rotates between the strongest assets while minimizing exposure to underperforming assets.
If no asset shows strong performance, the system defaults to cash to preserve capital.
Final Thoughts
BackQuant’s Cross-Sectional Altcoin Portfolio provides a dynamic and systematic approach to altcoin portfolio management. By employing real-time performance metrics, adaptive scoring, and regime filters, this strategy aims to optimize returns while minimizing exposure to market downturns. The inclusion of out-of-sample forward tests ensures that the system remains robust in live market conditions, making it an ideal tool for crypto traders seeking to enhance their portfolio's performance with a data-driven, momentum-based approach.
Performance Metrics With Bracketed Rebalacing [BackQuant]Performance Metrics With Bracketed Rebalancing
The Performance Metrics With Bracketed Rebalancing script offers a robust method for assessing portfolio performance, integrating advanced portfolio metrics with different rebalancing strategies. With a focus on adaptability, the script allows traders to monitor and adjust portfolio weights, equity, and other key financial metrics dynamically. This script provides a versatile approach for evaluating different trading strategies, considering factors like risk-adjusted returns, volatility, and the impact of portfolio rebalancing.
Please take the time to read the following:
Key Features and Benefits of Portfolio Methods
Bracketed Rebalancing:
Bracketed Rebalancing is an advanced strategy designed to trigger portfolio adjustments when an asset's weight surpasses a predefined threshold. This approach minimizes overexposure to any single asset while maintaining flexibility in response to market changes. The strategy is particularly beneficial for mitigating risks that arise from significant asset weight fluctuations. The following image illustrates how this method reacts when asset weights cross the threshold:
Daily Rebalancing:
Unlike the bracketed method, Daily Rebalancing adjusts portfolio weights every trading day, ensuring consistent asset allocation. This method aims for a more even distribution of portfolio weights, making it a suitable option for traders who prefer less sensitivity to individual asset volatility. Here's an example of Daily Rebalancing in action:
No Rebalancing:
For traders who prefer a passive approach, the "No Rebalancing" option allows the portfolio to remain static, without any adjustments to asset weights. This method may appeal to long-term investors or those who believe in the inherent stability of their selected assets. Here’s how the portfolio looks when no rebalancing is applied:
Portfolio Weights Visualization:
One of the standout features of this script is the visual representation of portfolio weights. With adjustable settings, users can track the current allocation of assets in real-time, making it easier to analyze shifts and trends. The following image shows the real-time weight distribution across three assets:
Rolling Drawdown Plot:
Managing drawdown risk is a critical aspect of portfolio management. The Rolling Drawdown Plot visually tracks the drawdown over time, helping traders monitor the risk exposure and performance relative to the peak equity levels. This feature is essential for assessing the portfolio's resilience during market downturns:
Daily Portfolio Returns:
Tracking daily returns is crucial for evaluating the short-term performance of the portfolio. The script allows users to plot daily portfolio returns to gain insights into daily profit or loss, helping traders stay updated on their portfolio’s progress:
Performance Metrics
Net Profit (%):
This metric represents the total return on investment as a percentage of the initial capital. A positive net profit indicates that the portfolio has gained value over the evaluation period, while a negative value suggests a loss. It's a fundamental indicator of overall portfolio performance.
Maximum Drawdown (Max DD):
Maximum Drawdown measures the largest peak-to-trough decline in portfolio value during a specified period. It quantifies the most significant loss an investor would have experienced if they had invested at the highest point and sold at the lowest point within the timeframe. A smaller Max DD indicates better risk management and less exposure to significant losses.
Annual Mean Returns (% p/y):
This metric calculates the average annual return of the portfolio over the evaluation period. It provides insight into the portfolio's ability to generate returns on an annual basis, aiding in performance comparison with other investment opportunities.
Annual Standard Deviation of Returns (% p/y):
This measure indicates the volatility of the portfolio's returns on an annual basis. A higher standard deviation signifies greater variability in returns, implying higher risk, while a lower value suggests more stable returns.
Variance:
Variance is the square of the standard deviation and provides a measure of the dispersion of returns. It helps in understanding the degree of risk associated with the portfolio's returns.
Sortino Ratio:
The Sortino Ratio is a variation of the Sharpe Ratio that only considers downside risk, focusing on negative volatility. It is calculated as the difference between the portfolio's return and the minimum acceptable return (MAR), divided by the downside deviation. A higher Sortino Ratio indicates better risk-adjusted performance, emphasizing the importance of avoiding negative returns.
Sharpe Ratio:
The Sharpe Ratio measures the portfolio's excess return per unit of total risk, as represented by standard deviation. It is calculated by subtracting the risk-free rate from the portfolio's return and dividing by the standard deviation of the portfolio's excess return. A higher Sharpe Ratio indicates more favorable risk-adjusted returns.
Omega Ratio:
The Omega Ratio evaluates the probability of achieving returns above a certain threshold relative to the probability of experiencing returns below that threshold. It is calculated by dividing the cumulative probability of positive returns by the cumulative probability of negative returns. An Omega Ratio greater than 1 indicates a higher likelihood of achieving favorable returns.
Gain-to-Pain Ratio:
The Gain-to-Pain Ratio measures the return per unit of risk, focusing on the magnitude of gains relative to the severity of losses. It is calculated by dividing the total gains by the total losses experienced during the evaluation period. A higher ratio suggests a more favorable balance between reward and risk.
www.linkedin.com
Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) (% p/y):
CAGR represents the mean annual growth rate of the portfolio over a specified period, assuming the investment has been compounding over that time. It provides a smoothed annual rate of growth, eliminating the effects of volatility and offering a clearer picture of long-term performance.
Portfolio Alpha (% p/y):
Portfolio Alpha measures the portfolio's performance relative to a benchmark index, adjusting for risk. It is calculated using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and represents the excess return of the portfolio over the expected return based on its beta and the benchmark's performance. A positive alpha indicates outperformance, while a negative alpha suggests underperformance.
Portfolio Beta:
Portfolio Beta assesses the portfolio's sensitivity to market movements, indicating its exposure to systematic risk. A beta greater than 1 suggests the portfolio is more volatile than the market, while a beta less than 1 indicates lower volatility. Beta is used to understand the portfolio's potential for gains or losses in relation to market fluctuations.
Skewness of Returns:
Skewness measures the asymmetry of the return distribution. A positive skew indicates a distribution with a long right tail, suggesting more frequent small losses and fewer large gains. A negative skew indicates a long left tail, implying more frequent small gains and fewer large losses. Understanding skewness helps in assessing the likelihood of extreme outcomes.
Value at Risk (VaR) 95th Percentile:
VaR at the 95th percentile estimates the maximum potential loss over a specified period, given a 95% confidence level. It provides a threshold value such that there is a 95% probability that the portfolio will not experience a loss greater than this amount.
Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR):
CVaR, also known as Expected Shortfall, measures the average loss exceeding the VaR threshold. It provides insight into the tail risk of the portfolio, indicating the expected loss in the worst-case scenarios beyond the VaR level.
These metrics collectively offer a comprehensive view of the portfolio's performance, risk exposure, and efficiency. By analyzing these indicators, investors can make informed decisions, balancing potential returns with acceptable levels of risk.
Conclusion
The Performance Metrics With Bracketed Rebalancing script provides a comprehensive framework for evaluating and optimizing portfolio performance. By integrating advanced metrics, adaptive rebalancing strategies, and visual analytics, it empowers traders to make informed decisions in managing their investment portfolios. However, it's crucial to consider the implications of rebalancing strategies, as academic research indicates that predictable rebalancing can lead to market impact costs. Therefore, adopting flexible and less predictable rebalancing approaches may enhance portfolio performance and reduce associated costs.
AlphaSignal | MindMarketAlphaSignal — Smart Indicator for Precise Entries
What does AlphaSignal do?
AlphaSignal looks for moments when the price moves too far from its average, volume spikes, and overall market activity increases. When these things line up, it gives you a clean, high-quality trading signal — either to buy or sell.
How it works :
Activity & Volume Detection
It monitors for sudden bursts in trading volume and volatility — clear signs that something important is happening in the market.
Price Deviation with Nadaraya-Watson Envelope
The indicator uses a smooth curve (called the Nadaraya-Watson estimate) to track the average price. When price drifts too far from this curve, it might be ready to snap back. That’s where AlphaSignal starts paying attention.
Signal Rating System
Each potential trade gets a score based on:
Market activity
Volume deviation
How far price is from the NW envelope
(Optionally) Trend strength and momentum via ADX, RSI, MACD
Only if the total score is high enough — a signal is fired.
Advanced Filters (Optional)
Want more confirmation? Turn on ADX, RSI, and MACD checks to avoid weak setups during choppy, low-trend periods.
Cooldown Logic
To avoid overtrading, AlphaSignal waits a set number of bars between signals — you can customize this.
Trading Suggestions (Signal Panel)
AlphaSignal gives you real-time trading guidance with a simple suggestion box:
BUY NOW / SELL NOW
All conditions are met, rating is strong — take action.
PREPARE BUY / PREPARE SELL
No full confirmation yet, but the price is very close to key levels (within 1.5% of the NW envelope). Get ready — a signal might appear soon.
AWAIT BUY / AWAIT SELL
The market is leaning toward a buy or sell, but price isn’t in a good spot yet. Be patient and watch for better positioning.
CAPM Alpha & BetaThe CAPM Alpha & Beta indicator is a crucial tool in finance and investment analysis derived from the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) . It provides insights into an asset's risk-adjusted performance (Alpha) and its relationship to broader market movements (Beta). Here’s a breakdown:
1. How Does It Work?
Alpha:
Definition: Alpha measures the portion of an investment's return that is not explained by market movements, i.e., the excess return over and above what the market is expected to deliver.
Purpose: It represents the value a fund manager or strategy adds (or subtracts) from an investment’s performance, adjusting for market risk.
Calculation:
Alpha is derived from comparing actual returns to expected returns predicted by CAPM:
Alpha = Actual Return − (Risk-Free Rate + β × (Market Return − Risk-Free Rate))
Alpha = Actual Return − (Risk-Free Rate + β × (Market Return − Risk-Free Rate))
Interpretation:
Positive Alpha: The investment outperformed its CAPM prediction (good performance for additional value/risk).
Negative Alpha: The investment underperformed its CAPM prediction.
Beta:
Definition: Beta measures the sensitivity of an asset's returns relative to the overall market's returns. It quantifies systematic risk.
Purpose: Indicates how volatile or correlated an investment is relative to the market benchmark (e.g., S&P 500).
Calculation:
Beta is computed as the ratio of the covariance of the asset and market returns to the variance of the market returns:
β = Covariance (Asset Return, Market Return) / Variance (Market Return)
β = Variance (Market Return) Covariance (Asset Return, Market Return)
Interpretation:
Beta = 1: The asset’s price moves in line with the market.
Beta > 1: The asset is more volatile than the market (higher risk/higher potential reward).
Beta < 1: The asset is less volatile than the market (lower risk/lower reward).
Beta < 0: The asset moves inversely to the market.
2. How to Use It?
Using Alpha:
Portfolio Evaluation: Investors use Alpha to gauge whether a portfolio manager or a strategy has successfully outperformed the market on a risk-adjusted basis.
If Alpha is consistently positive, the portfolio may deliver higher-than-expected returns for the given level of risk.
Stock/Asset Selection: Compare Alpha across multiple securities. Positive Alpha signals that the asset may be a good addition to your portfolio for excess returns.
Adjusting Investment Strategy: If Alpha is negative, reassess the asset's role in the portfolio and refine strategies.
Using Beta:
Risk Management:
A high Beta (e.g., 1.5) indicates higher sensitivity to market movements. Use such assets if you want to take on more risk during bullish market phases or expect higher returns.
A low Beta (e.g., 0.7) indicates stability and is useful in diversifying risk in volatile or bearish markets.
Portfolio Diversification: Combine assets with varying Betas to achieve the desired level of market responsiveness and smooth out portfolio volatility.
Monitoring Systematic Risk: Beta helps identify whether an investment aligns with your risk tolerance. For example, high-Beta stocks may not be suitable for conservative investors.
Practical Application:
Use both Alpha and Beta together:
Assess performance with Alpha (excess returns).
Assess risk exposure with Beta (market sensitivity).
Example: A stock with a Beta of 1.2 and a highly positive Alpha might suggest a solid performer that is slightly more volatile than the market, making it a suitable pick for risk-tolerant, return-maximizing investors.
In conclusion, the CAPM Alpha & Beta indicator gives a comprehensive view of an asset's performance and risk. Alpha enables performance evaluation on a risk-adjusted basis, while Beta reveals the level of market risk. Together, they help investors make informed decisions, build optimal portfolios, and align investments with their risk-return preferences.
Relative Performance SuiteOverview
The Relative Performance Suite (RPS) is a versatile and comprehensive indicator designed to evaluate an asset's performance relative to a benchmark. By offering multiple methods to measure performance, including Relative Performance, Alpha, and Price Ratio, this tool helps traders and investors assess asset strength, resilience, and overall behavior in different market conditions.
Key Features:
✅ Multiple Performance Measures:
Choose from various relative performance calculations, including:
Relative Performance:
Measures how much an asset has outperformed or underperformed its benchmark over a given period.
Relative Performance (Proportional):
A proportional version of relative performance,
factoring in scaling effects.
Relative Performance (MA Based):
Uses moving averages to smooth performance fluctuations.
Alpha:
A measure of an asset’s performance relative to what would be expected based on its beta and the benchmark’s return. It represents the excess return above the risk-free rate after adjusting for market risk.
Price Ratio:
Compares asset prices directly to determine relative value over time.
✅ Customizable Moving Averages:
Apply different moving average types (SMA, EMA, SMMA, WMA, VWMA) to smooth price inputs and refine calculations.
✅ Beta Calculation:
Includes a Beta measure used in Alpha calculation, which users can toggle the visibility of helping users understand an asset's sensitivity to market movements.
✅ Risk-Free Rate Adjustment:
Incorporate risk-free rates (e.g., US Treasury yields, Fed Funds Rate) for a more accurate calculation of Alpha.
✅ Logarithmic Returns Option:
Users can switch between standard returns and log returns for more refined performance analysis.
✅ Dynamic Color Coding:
Identify outperformance or underperformance with intuitive color coding.
Option to color bars based on relative strength, making chart analysis easier.
✅ Customizable Tables for Data Display:
Overview table summarizing key metrics.
Explanation table offering insights into how values are derived.
How to Use:
Select a Benchmark: Choose a comparison symbol (e.g., TOTAL or SPX ).
Pick a Performance Metric: Use different modes to analyze relative performance.
Customize Calculation Methods: Adjust moving averages, timeframes, and log returns based on preference.
Interpret the Colors & Tables: Utilize the dynamic coloring and tables to quickly assess market conditions.
Ideal For:
Traders looking to compare individual asset performance against an index or benchmark.
Investors analyzing Alpha & Beta to understand risk-adjusted returns.
Market analysts who want a visually intuitive and data-rich performance tracking tool.
This indicator provides a powerful and flexible way to track relative asset strength, helping users make more informed trading decisions.
Ultimate Trend SuiteThe Ultimate Trend Suite is a comprehensive trading indicator designed to enhance your market analysis and decision-making process. By integrating multiple technical analysis tools into a single, cohesive package, this indicator provides clear insights into market trends, momentum shifts, volatility conditions, and potential reversal points. It is tailored for traders seeking a deeper understanding of market dynamics without the need to interpret numerous separate indicators.
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Key Features
The indicator offers a range of features that work together to provide a holistic view of the market:
- Dynamic Trend Line: A responsive trend line that adapts to price movements, highlighting the prevailing market direction. It helps you quickly identify whether the market is in an uptrend, downtrend, or consolidation phase.
- Strength and Weakness Dots: Visual markers indicating potential shifts in market momentum. These dots offer early signals of increasing buying (strength) or selling (weakness) pressure.
- Volatility Squeeze Detection: Identifies periods when the market is experiencing low volatility, which often precedes significant price movements. It alerts you to potential breakout opportunities so you can prepare your trading strategy accordingly.
- Reversal Signals: Highlights potential bullish or bearish reversal points in the market, assisting in spotting possible trend changes early for timely entry or exit decisions.
- Trend Bars: Colours the price bars based on the underlying trend direction, providing an immediate visual representation of market sentiment and simplifying chart analysis.
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What Is It For?
The Ultimate Trend Suite is designed to simplify market analysis and enhance trading decisions. By consolidating multiple technical indicators into one, it reduces chart clutter and makes it easier to interpret market conditions. It is suitable for day traders, swing traders, and long-term investors across different markets such as forex, stocks, commodities, and cryptocurrencies. The indicator helps identify high-probability trade setups by highlighting key market conditions like trend strength and volatility compression.
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How to Use
To effectively utilise the Ultimate Trend Suite, it's essential to understand how to interpret its signals and integrate them into your trading strategy.
Interpreting the Dynamic Trend Line
The Dynamic Trend Line adapts to price movements and changes its slope and colour based on market conditions:
- Uptrend Indication: If the Trend Line is sloping upward and possibly changing to a bullish colour, it indicates that the market is in an uptrend. This suggests that buying opportunities may be favorable. Traders might look to enter long positions, expecting prices to continue rising.
- Downtrend Indication: If the Trend Line is sloping downward and possibly changing to a bearish colour, it indicates that the market is in a downtrend. This suggests that selling opportunities or refraining from long positions may be prudent. Traders might consider short positions or protecting existing long positions.
- Consolidation Phase: A sideways-moving Trend Line may indicate a consolidation phase, signaling a lack of clear trend. In such cases, exercising caution and waiting for a breakout is advisable before committing to a new position.
Understanding Strength and Weakness Dots
The Strength and Weakness Dots provide visual cues about potential momentum shifts:
- Strength Dots (Bullish Signals): These appear below the price bars and suggest a potential increase in bullish momentum. When you see these dots, it may be an opportune time to consider entering long positions or adding to existing ones, anticipating that the upward momentum will continue.
- Weakness Dots (Bearish Signals): These appear above the price bars and indicate a potential increase in bearish momentum. These signals may prompt you to consider entering short positions or exiting long positions, expecting that prices may start to decline.
Utilising Volatility Squeeze Detection
The Volatility Squeeze Detection identifies periods of low volatility, which often precedes significant price movements:
- Volatility Squeeze Indication: When a shaded area appears on the chart, it signifies a volatility squeeze. This indicates that the market is experiencing compressed volatility, and a significant price movement may be imminent.
- Preparing for Breakouts: During a volatility squeeze, it's crucial to monitor the market closely for potential breakouts. This period suggests that the market is gathering momentum for a large move in either direction. By combining this information with other indicators or price action analysis, you can anticipate the direction of the breakout and prepare your trading strategy accordingly.
Recognising Reversal Signals
Reversal Signals help identify potential trend changes:
- Bullish Reversal Signal: An "R" symbol appears below a price bar, suggesting that a downtrend may be ending and an upward reversal is possible. You might consider entering a long position or closing a short position, especially if other indicators support this signal. This could be an early indication that buying pressure is increasing.
- Bearish Reversal Signal: An "R" symbol appears above a price bar, indicating that an uptrend may be ending and a downward reversal is possible. In this case, you might consider entering a short position or closing a long position. This suggests that selling pressure is gaining momentum.
Interpreting Trend Bars
Trend Bars provide immediate visual feedback on market sentiment:
- Bullish Trend Bars: Green-coloured bars indicate bullish trends and suggest that upward momentum is present. This visual cue reinforces the signals from the Dynamic Trend Line and Strength Dots, helping you confirm the strength of an uptrend.
- Bearish Trend Bars: Red-coloured bars indicate bearish trends, highlighting downward momentum. This complements signals from the Dynamic Trend Line and Weakness Dots, confirming the strength of a downtrend.
Quantitative Risk Navigator [kikfraben]📊 Quantitative Risk Navigator - Your Financial Performance GPS
Navigate the complexities of financial markets with confidence using the Quantitative Risk Navigator. This indicator provides you with a comprehensive dashboard to assess and understand the risk and performance of your chosen asset.
📈 Key Features:
Alpha and Beta Analysis: Uncover the outperformance (Alpha) and risk exposure (Beta) of your asset compared to a selected benchmark. Know where your investment stands in the market.
Correlation Insights: Understand the relationship between your asset and its benchmark through a clear visualization of correlation trends over different time lengths.
Risk-Return Metrics: Evaluate risk and return simultaneously with Sharpe and Sortino ratios. Make informed decisions by assessing the reward-to-risk ratio of your investment.
Omega Ratio: Gain deeper insights into your asset's performance by analyzing the Omega Ratio, which highlights the distribution of positive and negative returns.
Customizable Visualization: Tailor your chart to focus on specific metrics and time frames. Choose which metrics to display, allowing you to concentrate on the aspects that matter most to you.
Interactive Metrics Table: A user-friendly metrics table provides a quick overview of key values, including average metrics, enabling you to grasp the financial health of your asset at a glance.
Color-Coded Clarity: The indicator employs color-coded visualizations, making it easy to identify bullish and bearish trends, helping you make rapid and informed decisions.
🛠️ How to Use:
Symbol Selection: Choose your base symbol and preferred data source for analysis.
Risk-Free Rate: Input your risk-free rate to fine-tune calculations.
Length Customization: Adjust the lengths for different metrics to align with your analysis preferences.
Whether you're a seasoned trader or just stepping into the financial world, the Quantitative Risk Navigator empowers you to make strategic decisions by providing a comprehensive view of your asset's risk and return profile. Stay in control of your investments with this powerful financial GPS.
🚀 Start Navigating Your Financial Journey Today!
Alpha Beta Gamma IndicatorThe Alpha Beta Gamma Indicator is a technical analysis tool that uses the lowest and highest prices over a specified period to calculate three values - alpha, beta, and gamma. Alpha represents the percentage change from the lowest price over the period, beta represents the percentage change from the highest price over the period, and gamma represents the position of the current price relative to the range between the lowest and highest prices.
This indicator is displayed on the chart with different colors for each value, making it easy to identify the values' direction and strength. The buy and sell signals are generated based on two conditions. The first is when the gamma value is below a specified threshold, indicating a potential buying opportunity. The second is when the alpha value touches the beta value, which suggests that the trend is reversing, and a sell signal is generated.
Traders can adjust the indicator's parameters, such as the length of the period and the buy threshold, to suit their trading style and preferences. The Alpha Beta Gamma Indicator can be used in various financial markets, including stocks, forex, and commodities, to help identify potential trading opportunities and manage risk.
10 MAs Alpha Indicator by MontyThis indicator is a part of the script I coded earlier this month.
The name is to surprise one of our discord member.
I will publish that indicator in a few days as well, but publishing this as a gesture of giving back to the community.
Indicator has:
10 Moving Averages
Adjustable Color, Opacity and Size etc
Shows Labels for each of the MA.
Can be shifted between EMA or SMA
Can be fixed to show a specific TF MA on current Timeframe.
Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) [Loxx]Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) demonstrates how to calculate the Cost of Equity for an underlying asset using Pine Script. This script will only work on the monthly timeframe. While you can change the default inputs, you should study what CAPM is and how this works before doing so. This indicator pulls various types of data from SPY from various timeframes to calculate risk-free rates, market premiums, and log returns. Alpha and Beta are computed using the regression between underlying asset and SPY. This indicator only calculates on the most recent data. If you wish to change this, you'll have to save the script and make adjustments. A few examples where CAPM is used:
Used as the mu factor Geometric Brownian Motion models for options pricing and forecasting price ranges and decay
Calculating the Weighted Average Cost of Capital
Asset pricing
Efficient frontier
Risk and diversification
Security market line
Discounted Cashflow Analysis
Investment bankers use CAPM to value deals
Account firms use CAPM to verify asset prices and assumptions
Real estate firms use variations of CAPM to value properties
... and more
Details of the calculations used here
Rm is calculated using yearly simple returns data from SPY, typically this is just hard coded as 10%.
Rf is pulled from US 10 year bond yields
Beta and Alpha are pulled form monthly returns data of the asset and SPY
In the past, typically this data is purchased from investments banks whose research arms produce values for beta, alpha, risk free rate, and risk premiums. In 2022 ,you can find free estimates for each parameter but these values might not reflect the most current data or research.
History
The CAPM was introduced by Jack Treynor (1961, 1962), William F. Sharpe (1964), John Lintner (1965) and Jan Mossin (1966) independently, building on the earlier work of Harry Markowitz on diversification and modern portfolio theory. Sharpe, Markowitz and Merton Miller jointly received the 1990 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for this contribution to the field of financial economics. Fischer Black (1972) developed another version of CAPM, called Black CAPM or zero-beta CAPM, that does not assume the existence of a riskless asset. This version was more robust against empirical testing and was influential in the widespread adoption of the CAPM.
Usage
The CAPM is used to calculate the amount of return that investors need to realize to compensate for a particular level of risk. It subtracts the risk-free rate from the expected rate and weighs it with a factor – beta – to get the risk premium. It then adds the risk premium to the risk-free rate of return to get the rate of return an investor expects as compensation for the risk. The CAPM formula is expressed as follows:
r = Rf + beta (Rm – Rf) + Alpha
Therefore,
Alpha = R – Rf – beta (Rm-Rf)
Where:
R represents the portfolio return
Rf represents the risk-free rate of return
Beta represents the systematic risk of a portfolio
Rm represents the market return, per a benchmark
For example, assuming that the actual return of the fund is 30, the risk-free rate is 8%, beta is 1.1, and the benchmark index return is 20%, alpha is calculated as:
Alpha = (0.30-0.08) – 1.1 (0.20-0.08) = 0.088 or 8.8%
The result shows that the investment in this example outperformed the benchmark index by 8.8%.
The alpha of a portfolio is the excess return it produces compared to a benchmark index. Investors in mutual funds or ETFs often look for a fund with a high alpha in hopes of getting a superior return on investment (ROI).
The alpha ratio is often used along with the beta coefficient, which is a measure of the volatility of an investment. The two ratios are both used in the Capital Assets Pricing Model (CAPM) to analyze a portfolio of investments and assess its theoretical performance.
To see CAPM in action in terms of calculate WACC, see here for an example: finbox.com
Further reading
en.wikipedia.org
VARS 2.0: Volatility Adapted Relative StrengthVARS 2.0 (Volatility Adapted Relative Strength)
Basically, my VARS 2.0 indicator uses a stock's alpha in comparison to the SPX to determine whether there is relative strength on an volatility adjusted basis.
The idea for this indicator owes quite obviously to Matt Caruso . In this indicator I combine his Alpha Bars indicator with my interpretation of his CARS indicator, whose calculations are unknown to me.
The goal of this indicator is to give a representation of an asset's relative strength adjusted to its volatility. To find out if this is not only theoretically superior to a more simple representation such as by means of the classic RS Line , but also practically , this indicator is build.
I made this indicator freely available, so that everyone can make up his own mind about it. The representation with the alpha bars also offers the possibility to keep an eye on the daily relative strength, which is a complement to my former version of it. This time I limited myself to only one alpha timeframe because I believe the strength of the RS can be more clearly captured based on the EMAs. I also believe that the absolute strength of VARS is not the key point for traders, but rather its duration, as this is a sign of institutional accumulation.
Have fun and success trying it out!
Btw. The variables such as alpha and beta and the EMAs, which are used to calculate VARS, are largely freely definable. The default values are to be considered as suggestions.
[TTI] Pinch AVWAPs––––History & Credit
This indicator came from studying Alpha trends and the concept from CMT Brian Shannon
–––––What it does
Upon uploading choose two dates from which the script will calculate Anchored VWAP from both dates. The dates can be easily moved for faster adjustment and re-calculation.
–––––How to use it
If you are trading a breakout methodology like myself, look for the "pinch" of the AVWAPs. Preferably, a bottom AVWAP moving up and a top AVWAP moving down. Choose important dates (this is rather subjective) for the AVWAP dates. These can be important events like Earnings or Divident Announcements. Or places where there is a change of structure of the Supply and Demand dynamic.
Market Movers: Sectoral IndexThe indicator will show the Sectors which are leading or lagging NIFTY50 index based on Alpha & Beta values. Stock selection can be done based on the respective Sectors.
Look for alpha & beta values.
Prefer one with high beta.
Greens are leaders & Blues are lagers.
This don't completely indicates a trend, but it can give the overview of a major trend & market movers.
Gray line is the base index NIFTY50, it is Zero.
Turn on Indicator Name Label in Settings > Chart Settings.
In intraday or positions, in a leading Sector there will be a leading stock, spot it out.
Make a sector wise watchlist of stocks.
Use higher or Daily timeframe for Swing trades.
Detailed descriptions are available in my previous Alpha & Beta indicators.
Screener: Alpha & Beta IndexThis is a Index Screener which can short list the major Sectors contributing to NIFTY movement that day.
This helps in sector based trading, in which we can trade in the stocks which falls under that particular sector.
No need to roam around all the stocks in the whole watchlist.
It is recommended to create sector wise watchlist of all sectors. It will be easier to concentrate in only one sector.
For example in IT sector index there are certain stocks which contribute to the movement of IT sector.
This will be available in NSE (or exchange website).
For detailed description check out the descriptions in my previous 2 Alpha and Beta indicators.
Combine and use this screener with my previous Alpha & Beta indicator.
Screener: Alpha & BetaThis is a Live Screener for my previous Alpha & Beta indicator, which filters stocks lively based on the given values.
Use 5min timeframe for Live Intraday.
The default stocks in the screener is selected based on high beta value from F&O listed stocks. It may include other stocks also.
User can input stocks of your choice either through the menu or through the Pine editor.
The maximum number of stocks inputs is only 40. The indicator includes only 20 stocks by default.
More number of stocks can be added but it makes the screener slower to load.
Open the indicator in a sperate tab or window to avoided the loading lag.
It is recommended to choose only 10 to 20 stocks based on the weightage from each sectors.
Beta values are dynamic. It changes from day to day based on the trend and sector.
Update the sock list weekly or twice a week or monthly.
Use investing.com screener(preferably) or TradingView screener for shortlisting beta stocks.
Remember that majority of indicators fails in a sideways market, also every indicator is not 100% accurate.
Alpha & BetaHow to use Alpha(α)?
If Alpha is positive the stock outperforms, if the value is negative means the stock underperforms.
α < 0: The investment has earned too little for its risk (or, was too risky for the return)
α = 0: The investment has earned a return adequate for the risk taken
α > 0: The investment has a return in excess of the reward for the assumed risk
How to use Beta(β)?
β = 1: Exactly as volatile as the index
β > 1: More volatile than the index
β < 1 > 0: Less volatile than the index
β = 0: Uncorrelated to the index
β < 0: Negatively correlated to the index
β > 2: Trending stock
Higher the β higher risk/reward
Example: If the beta is 1.1, the share price is like to move by 10% more than the index
Trading Tip
Choose a stock with Alpha greater than 0 and Beta greater than 1.9 for intraday in 5min timeframe for long positions
Remember that such stocks will have high risk and high reward
Shortlist stocks with Beta greater than 1.9 for next day in 5min timeframe
JamesCart's Feigenbaum Price BandsThis is a part of my Feigenbaum family of scripts. This one however uses the Feigenbaum Alpha constant (the constant of the width of the tein from the subteins) as a proportion of the ROC. Then it uses that to establish a middle point, and 2 resistance and 2 support lines.With the widest lines being R2 and S2. Dark red is R2 and Dark Green is S2. I encourage you to change the time frame to find what is best, I have it set at the minimum of 1.
Portfolio: alpha, beta, stdev, variance, mean, max drawdown...Portfolio Metrics **New**
'returns'
'log returns'
'geometric returns'
portfolio alpha
portfolio beta
portfolio,market correlation
portfolio standard deviation
portfolio variance
mean portfolio returns
maximum drawdown
maximum gain
Portfolio Metrics = α(Jensen's), β, CAPM(Ra), Sharpe, TreynorPortfolio Metrics...
Standard Deviation
Jensen's Alpha
Beta
Expected Return (CAPM, Ra)
Sharpe Ratio
Treynor Ratio
Alpha & BetaAlpha & Beta Indicators for Portfolio Performance
β = Σ Correlation (RP, RM) * (σP/σM)
α P = E(RP) –
Where,
RP = Portfolio Return (or Investment Return)
RM = Market Return (or Benchmark Index)
RF = Risk-Free Rate
How to use the Indicator
RM = SPX (Default)
The Market Return for the indicator has the options of $SPX, $NDX, or $DJI (S&P 500, Nasdaq 100, Dow 30)
RF = FRED: DTB3
The Risk-Free Rate in the Indicator is set to the 3-Month Treasury Bill: Secondary Market Rate
The Default Timeframe is 1260 or 5-Years (252 Trading Days in One Year)
RP = The symbol you enter
HOWEVER , you can determine your portfolio value by following the following directions below.
Note: I am currently working on an indicator that will allow you to insert the weights of your positions.
Complete Portfolio Analysis Directions
You will first need...
a) spreadsheet application - Google Sheets is Free, but Microsoft Excel will convert ticker symbols to Stocks and Retrieve Data.
b) your current stock tickers, quantity of shares, and last price information
In the spreadsheet,
In the first column list the stock tickers...
AMZN
AAPL
TSLA
In the second column list the quantity of shares you own...
5
10
0.20
In the third column insert the last price
Excel: Three tickers will automatically give you the option to "Convert to Stocks",
after conversion, click once on cell and click the small tab in the upper right-hand of the highlighted cell.
Click the tab and a menu pops up
Find "Price", "Price Extended-Hours", or "Previous Close"...
$3,284.72
$497.48
$2,049.98
Next, multiply the number of shares by the price (Stock Market Value)
Excel: in fourth column type "=(B1*C1)", "=(B2*C2)", "=(B3*C3)"...
= $16,423.60
= $4,974.80
= $410.00
add the three calculated numbers together or click "ΣAutoSum" (Portfolio Market Value)
= $21,808.40
Last, divide the market value of AMZN ($16,423.60) by the Portfolio Market Value ($21,808.40) for each of the stocks.
= 0.7531
= 0.2281
= 0.0188
These values are the weight of the stock in your portfolio.
Go back to TradingView
Enter into the "search box" the following...
AMZN*0.7531 + AAPL*0.2281 + TSLA*0.0188
and click Enter
Now you can use the "Alpha & Beta" Indicator to analyze your entire portfolio!
Alpha BandsAlpha Bands, this is a new idea I've been playing with recently in all my indicators.
In layman terms we are here using mult to multiply length of the plot to replicate effect of multi time frame plot. Under the hood it is basically fast ma crossing over slow one but with this simple multiplier introduction is able to give it properties of higher TF ma's but without the usual problem of the TV where multitimeframe MA plots rather crudely if you use security function.
Introducing it as core trend indicator, and around it I've utilized ATR to create simple but complete indicator to give good view of the market state and trend. Due to this setup it can be used for both trending and mean reversion trades, you can also utilize existing ranges for entry, exit and SL.
This indicator is example of how simple little tweaks can turn a age old tools into more advanced solutions.
This is purely for educational purposes, any past or claimed results may not replicate themselves while you trade them so use your own discretion. Author takes no responsibility of individual traders success or loss on this.
Source code will be protected since there is trend on TV where ideas are stolen and sold to unsuspecting retailers.
Fill Strength Gradient [BigBitsIO]This script plots two moving averages but is mostly designed to highlight a fill strength gradient. The fill strength gradient shows a more opaque fill based on the current percentage difference of the current difference to the maximum difference in two MAs in a trend.
Citation: PinceCoders - Slight modification on color functions
